Design Study of the High Luminosity LHC Recombination Dipole (D2)
The interaction region design of the high-luminosity LHC requires replacing the recombination dipole magnets (D2) with new ones. The preliminary specifications include an aperture of 105 mm, with 186 mm separation between the twin-aperture axes, and an operating field in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 T. The main design challenge is to decouple the magnetic field in the two apertures and ensure good field quality. The approach adopted for the present D2 magnets, using the iron yoke as a shield between the two apertures, leads to large saturation effects. In this study, we propose an alternative approach where the iron yoke is designed primarily for low saturation, and the resulting large but current-independent cross-talk between the apertures is corrected with an asymmetric arrangement of the conductor blocks. A preliminary solution based on the LHC dipole cable is presented, and the expected harmonics for geometric, saturation and persistent current effects are provided. Finally, the feasibility of an operating field at the high end of the range considered is discussed, to minimize the D2 magnet length and facilitate the space allocation for other components.