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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Data from: "Warming and the dependence of limber pine (Pinus flexilis) establishment on summer soil moisture within and above its current elevation range"

This data package contains data that were used for analysis in “Warming and the dependence of limber pine (Pinus flexilis) establishment on summer soil moisture within and above its current elevation range”, by Moyes et al. 2013. All data collection and field research were completed on Niwot Ridge, Colorado, USA.This data package contains nine comma-separated-values (.csv) files, one text (.txt) file, and two zipped seedling folders that were used for leaf area analysis. One zipped folder contains 468 .jpg photographs of seedlings, and the second contains 468 corresponding Image J-processed .jpg images that include silhouette leaf area values. .csv and .txt files can be opened using any compatible simple text-editor software such as TextEdit (Mac) and Notepad (Windows); .csv’s can also be opened using R and Microsoft Excel. Image files can be opened using Preview (Mac) and Photos (Windows). In addition, there are a total of 31 Microsoft Excel files: three .xlsx files, and 28 raw Li-Cor output .xls files. This data user’s guide is available in .pdf format, and can be opened using Adobe Acrobat Reader, or any other compatible file viewing software. Geospatial data showing field site locations are also included in the archive for use and reference. There are two geospatial formats in this archive: ESRI shapefiles (.shp) and keyhole markup-language (.kml) files. Both file types contain bounding box information, with the former being polygons, and the latter containing corner coordinates for each site. ESRI shapefiles can be opened using any geospatial software compatible with the file type (such as ESRI’s ArcGIS suite and QGIS), and .kml files are compatible with Google Earth and Google Maps.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Continued changes in climate are projected to alter the geographic distributions of plant species, in part by affecting where individuals can establish from seed. We tested the hypothesis that warming promotes uphill redistribution of subalpine tree populations by reducing cold limitation at high elevation and enhancing drought stress at low elevation. We seeded limber pine (Pinus flexilis) into plots with combinations of infrared heating and water addition treatments, at sites positioned in lower subalpine forest, the treeline ecotone, and alpine tundra. In 2010, first-year seedlings were assessed for physiological performance and survival over the snow-free growing season. Seedlings emerged in midsummer, about 5–8 weeks after snowmelt. Low temperature was not observed to limit seedling photosynthesis or respiration between emergence and October, and thus experimental warming did not appear to reduce cold limitation at high elevation. Instead, gas exchange and water potential from all sites indicated a prevailing effect of summer moisture stress on photosynthesis and carbon balance. Infrared heaters raised soil growing degree days (base 5 °C, p < 0.001) and August–September mean soil temperature (p < 0.001). Despite marked differences in vegetation cover and meteorological conditions across sites, volumetric soil moisture content (θ) at 5–10 cm below 0.16 and 0.08 m^3 m^(−3) consistently corresponded with moderate and severe indications of drought stress in midday stem water potential, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, and respiration. Seedling survival was greater in watered plots than in heated plots (p = 0.01), and negatively related to soil growing degree days and duration of exposure to θ < 0.08 m^3 m^(−3) in a stepwise linear regression model (p < 0.0001). We concluded that seasonal moisture stress and high soil surface temperature imposed a strong limitation to limber pine seedling establishment across a broad elevation gradient, including at treeline, and that these limitations are likely to be enhanced by further climate warming.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Maintenance log:Amended file name error in Data User's Guide May 19 2022

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Profiling overstory survival trends following varying thinning and burning disturbance regimes in a mixed pine-hardwood forest in the US South

Prescribed burning as a silvicultural tool may be effective for achieving various management objectives, yet some practitioners have concerns about inadvertently increasing overstory tree mortality. Using extensive data from a long-term, ongoing study in northcentral Alabama, USA, that systematically applies a variety of thinning and prescribed burning disturbances on mixed pine-hardwood stands, we assess survival trends for different groups of trees. The primary research question is whether more frequent prescribed burns adversely affects overstory survival versus infrequent or no burns; secondary questions explore whether overstory survival trends differ based on thinning level, species group, or size class. Interest is in broad groups of trees, not individual tree survival or mortality; consequently, survival analysis methods are used, including nonparametric Kaplan-Meier (KM) techniques for examining single grouping factors, and parametric accelerated failure time models for analyzing simultaneous effects of multiple covariates. Leveraging relatively recent methodological advances, the statistical techniques are adjusted for interval censored data. KM survival curves showed that more frequent prescribed fires did not result in differing survival trends. Also, trees in unthinned stands had the lowest 14-year survival compared to thinned stands, oaks had the highest survival compared to pines and the others species group, and the smallest size class of overstory trees had the lowest survival. In conclusion, these results support managing transitional mixed pine-hardwoods using thinning and multiple prescribed fires to restore specific species composition and structure.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Bioleaching to produce clean loblolly pine for thermochemical conversion

Lignocellulosic biomass contains inorganic elements that could induce slagging, ash fouling, and emission of both corrosive and harmful gases during thermochemical conversion. Water leaching pretreatment can remove most of the water-soluble elements, while it has limited industrial applicability due to its ineffectiveness in removing water-insoluble elements. Bioleaching is an alternative pretreatment method which has not been fully studied. In this work, bioleaching by Aspergillus niger strains NRRL 2001, NRRL 3122, and NRRL 567 was conducted to pretreat loblolly pine biomass with added water. Further, the removal of inorganic elements (K, Ca, Mg, and S) by bioleaching with A. niger NRRL 2001 was compared with chemical leaching with citric acid, HCl, and NaOH. It was shown that the pH reduction during bioleaching greatly improved K and Mg leaching to the point comparable to acid leaching, whereas Ca was precipitated by oxalic acid produced by the fungus. Bioleaching was also conducted in manually separated needles and chips components of loblolly pine. Glucose was added at different levels to assist bioleaching. At higher glucose levels, gluconic acid and citric acid were produced during bioleaching, leading to the increase of K, Ca, and Mg removal rates by more than 35%, 180%, and 390%, respectively, from the feedstock as compared with water leaching. Overall, bioleaching greatly improved removal of K, Ca, Mg, but not S from loblolly pine feedstocks as compared with water leaching.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Discrete element modeling of irregular-shaped soft pine particle flow in an FT4 powder rheometer

Pine residues are a commonly used biomass feedstock that consists of different anatomical fractions, each with distinct particle characteristics. Here, in this work, an experiment-informed discrete element model is developed to investigate the flowability of pine residues in an FT4 rheometer. Multi-sphere particles with distinct particle attributes are created to model each anatomical fraction type. A systematic analysis of specimens with varying particle characteristics (e.g., anatomical fraction type, particle shape, and size) is conducted to elucidate the relationship between particle attributes and flowability. The results show that stems recorded the highest axial force and torque and, correspondingly, the highest flow energy, which is attributed to their high stiffness and interlocking effect. Increasing their percentage in the mixture increases the flow energy while increasing needles tends to decrease flow energy. Knowledge gained in this study on the flow of anatomical fractions is important for the efficient and robust processing of pine residues.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Novel Regulators of the Scots Pine Stilbene Pathway

Stilbenes accumulate in Scots pine heartwood where they have important roles in protecting wood from decaying fungi. They are also part of active defense responses, and their production is induced by different (a)biotic stressors. The specific transcriptional regulators as well as the enzyme responsible for activating the stilbene precursor cinnamate in the pathway are still unknown. UV-C radiation was the first discovered artificial stress activator of the pathway. Here, we describe a large-scale transcriptomic analysis of pine needles in response to UV-C and treatment with translational inhibitors, both activating the transcription of stilbene pathway genes. We used the data to identify putative candidates for the missing CoA ligase and for pathway regulators. We further showed that the pathway is transcriptionally activated by phosphatase inhibitor, ethylene and jasmonate treatments, as in grapevine, and that the stilbene synthase promoter retains its inducibility in some of the tested conditions in Arabidopsis, a species that normally does not synthesize stilbenes. Shared features between gymnosperm and angiosperm regulation and partially retained inducibility in Arabidopsis suggest that pathway regulation occurs not only via ancient stress-response pathway(s) but also via species-specific regulators. Understanding which genes control the biosynthesis of stilbenes in Scots pine aids breeding of more resistant trees.

4-Coumarate-CoA ligase↗
DOE OSTI2021

New insights into the role of constitutive bacterial rhizobiome and phenolic compounds in two Pinus spp. with contrasting susceptibility to pine pitch canker

Abstract The rhizobiome is being increasingly acknowledged as a key player in plant health and breeding strategies. The pine pitch canker (PPC), caused by the fungus Fusarium circinatum, affects pine species with varying susceptibility degrees. Our aims were to explore the bacterial rhizobiome of a susceptible (Pinus radiata) and a resistant (Pinus pinea) species together with other physiological traits, and to analyze shifts upon F. circinatum inoculation. Pinus seedlings were stem inoculated with F. circinatum spores and needle gas exchange and antioxidant-related parameters were analyzed in non-inoculated and inoculated plants. Rhizobiome structure was evaluated through 16S rRNA gene massive parallel sequencing. Species (non-inoculated plants) harbored distinct rhizobiomes (<40% similarity), where P. pinea displayed a rhizobiome with increased abundance of taxa described in suppressive soils, displaying plant growth promoting (PGP) traits and/or anti-fungal activity. Plants of this species also displayed higher levels of phenolic compounds. F. circinatum induced slight changes in the rhizobiome of both species and a negative impact in photosynthetic-related parameters in P. radiata. We concluded that the rhizobiome of each pine species is distinct and higher abundance of bacterial taxa associated to disease protection was registered for the PPC-resistant species. Furthermore, differences in the rhizobiome are paralleled by a distinct content in phenolic compounds, which are also linked to plants’ resistance against PPC. This study unveils a species-specific rhizobiome and provides insights to exploit the rhizobiome for plant selection in nurseries and for rhizobiome-based plant-growth-promoting strategies, boosting environmentally friendly disease control strategies.

Leitão, Frederico↗
DOE OSTI2024

Photosynthetic and stomatal response, and leaf traits, of two pine species, Talladega National Forest, Alabama, 2023

Photosynthetic response to irradiance (AQ), CO2 (ACi) and stomatal response to irradiance measurements on two pine species common to the southeast United States, long leaf pine, Pinus palustris Mill., and loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L.. Data were collected in June 2023 within the Oakmulgee District of the Talladega National Forest in west-central Alabama at the NEON site (TALL). Measurements were made with four LI-COR LI-6800 and one LI-COR LI-6400XT gas exchange systems. ACi and AQ curves enable the estimation of photosynthetic parameters (e.g., Vcmax, Jmax, Rd, aQY), while stomatal response curves enable the estimation of stomatal slope and intercept parameters. Foliar trait data (needle dimensions, leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen concentration) is provided for all gas exchange samples. The data package files include multiple raw and processed data files (csv), metadata files (csv), the complete instrument output for all measurements in .zip format, and a pdf describing the experimental protocol.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-ONA Florida pine flatwoods

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-ONA Florida pine flatwoods. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-ONA Florida pine flatwoods produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - Florida Pine flatwoods, continuously with native pastures. Soils are predominantly Spodosols, subject to periodic flooding.

Silveira, Maria L.↗
DOE OSTI2022

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-Me2 Metolius mature ponderosa pine

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-Me2 Metolius mature ponderosa pine. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-Me2 Metolius mature ponderosa pine produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - Site Description before Fire (January, 2002 - August, 2020): The mean stand age is 71 years old and the stand age of the oldest 10% of trees is about 108 years old. This site is one of the Metolius core cluster sites with different age and disturbance classes and part of the AmeriFlux network. The overstory is almost exclusively composed of ponderosa pine trees (Pinus ponderosa Doug. Ex P. Laws) with a few scattered incense cedars (Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin) and has a peak leaf area index (LAI) of 2.1 m2 m-2. Tree height is relatively homogeneous at about 18 m, and the mean tree density is approximately 339 trees ha-1 (Irvine et al., 2008). The understory is sparse with an LAI of 0.2 m2 m-2 and primarily composed of bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata (Push) DC.) and greenleaf manzanita (Arctostaphylos patula Greene). Soils at the site are sandy (69%/24%/7% sand/silt/clay at 0–0.2 m depth and 66%/27%/7% at 0.2–0.5 m depth, and 54%/ 35%/11% at 0.5–1.0 m depth), freely draining with a soil depth of approximately 1.5 m (Irvine et al., 2008; Law et al., 2001b; Schwarz et al., 2004). Green Ridge Fire: On August 20, 2020, the Green Ridge Fire burned through Us-Me2. The fire was ignited by lightning on August 16th, and grew rapidly to the east over the first few days driven by strong, downslope (westerly) afternoon winds. Fire behavior and observed fire effects were highly heterogeneous due to the localized wind pattern carrying the flaming head of the fire forward, and the efforts being made by suppression resources to contain the fire. The site experienced the full range of fire effects, from <1 m high surface fire that charred litter and duff and only consumed shrubs and herbaceous material to full tree (>15 m) crown fire that consumed 100% of needles, small limbs, and surface fuels at high intensity, leaving only ash and bare soil post-fire. Salvage Logging: From late March to late April 2021, salvage logging by the landowner occurred at the site. Almost all trees within the flux footprint were logged except a small area with lower burn severity, where sap flow and automatic soil respiration measurements are continued since the fire. In August 2022 the primary flux system was moved from the top of the damaged tall tower to a nearby shorter tower centering on the salvage/regenerating footprint.

Hanson, Chad↗
DOE OSTI2022

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F CA-TP3 Ontario - Turkey Point 1974 Plantation White Pine

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-TP3 Ontario - Turkey Point 1974 Plantation White Pine. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-TP3 Ontario - Turkey Point 1974 Plantation White Pine produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - White pine plantation established in 1974 over sandy abandoned land

Arain, M. Altaf↗
DOE OSTI2023

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-Me6 Metolius Young Pine Burn

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-Me6 Metolius Young Pine Burn. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-Me6 Metolius Young Pine Burn produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - The study site is located east of the Cascade mountains, near Sisters, Central Oregon and is part of the Metolius cluster sites with different age and disturbance classes within the AmeriFlux network. After a severe fire in 1979, the site was salvage logged, was acquired by the US Forest Service land and re-forested in 1990. The dominant overstory vegetation are 20-year old ponderosa pine trees with an average height of 5.2 +/- 1.1 m. The season maximum overstory half-sided LAI was 0.6 m2 m-2 in 2010. Tree density is low, with ca. 162 trees ha-1.

Hanson, Chad↗
DOE OSTI2023

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-HB2 Hobcaw Barony Mature Longleaf Pine

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-HB2 Hobcaw Barony Mature Longleaf Pine. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-HB2 Hobcaw Barony Mature Longleaf Pine produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - A mature longleaf pine forest that is periodically managed with fire

Forsythe, Jeremy D.↗
DOE OSTI2023

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-HB3 Hobcaw Barony Longleaf Pine Restoration

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-HB3 Hobcaw Barony Longleaf Pine Restoration. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-HB3 Hobcaw Barony Longleaf Pine Restoration produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - A mixed forest that was clearcut, herbicided and planted in containerized longleaf pine seedlings

Forsythe, Jeremy D.↗
DOE OSTI2024

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-PFb NW1 Pine-1 CHEESEHEAD 2019

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-PFb NW1 Pine-1 CHEESEHEAD 2019. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-PFb NW1 Pine-1 CHEESEHEAD 2019 produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - This tower (32m, trailer-based, telescoping) is the northwestern most tower in the 10 x 10km study domain. It is located in a red pine forest (canopy height ~25m). There is a regrowing/trap layer consisting of broadleaf aspen and other deciduous vegetation.

Desai, Ankur↗
DOE OSTI2024

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-PFt SE6 Pine-4 CHEESEHEAD 2019

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-PFt SE6 Pine-4 CHEESEHEAD 2019. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-PFt SE6 Pine-4 CHEESEHEAD 2019 produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - This tower (32m, trailer-based, telescoping) is located in the southeastern quadrant of the 10 x 10km study domain. It is located in a red pine forest (canopy height: 15 - 21.6 m).

Desai, Ankur↗
DOE OSTI2025

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-PFg NE1 Pine-2 CHEESEHEAD 2019

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-PFg NE1 Pine-2 CHEESEHEAD 2019. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-PFg NE1 Pine-2 CHEESEHEAD 2019 produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - This tower (32m, trailer-based, telescoping) is located in the northeastern quadrant of the 10 x 10km study domain. It is located in a forest with red pine (~32m) overstory and maple (10-15m) understory.

Desai, Ankur [University of Wisconsin-Madison]↗
DOE OSTI2025

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-PFh NE2 Pine-3 CHEESEHEAD 2019

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-PFh NE2 Pine-3 CHEESEHEAD 2019. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-PFh NE2 Pine-3 CHEESEHEAD 2019 produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - This tower (32m, trailer-based, telescoping) is located in the northeastern quadrant of the 10 x 10km study domain. It is located in a forest jack pine forest (18 - 20m), with some aspens.

Desai, Ankur [University of Wisconsin-Madison]↗
DOE OSTI2026

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F CA-TP4 Ontario - Turkey Point 1939 Plantation White Pine

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-TP4 Ontario - Turkey Point 1939 Plantation White Pine. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-TP4 Ontario - Turkey Point 1939 Plantation White Pine produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - White pine plantation established in 1939 over sandy abandoned land

Arain, M. Altaf [McMaster University]↗