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Results for “TEMPERATURE PROFILE”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1992

Rotational Raman Lidar for Lower Tropospheric Temperature Profiling

Accurate sensing of the tropospheric temperature profile is basically needed in meteorology and 3D mapping of the boundary layer atmospheric temperature over urban and industrial areas. Several temperature lidar techniques were investigated, including Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL), rotational and vibrational Raman, Rayleigh and high resolution Rayleigh schemes. For the tropospheric applications, the rotational Raman scheme looks potentially advantageous, but several stringent technical problems still remain to be solved. Reported here are the continuing efforts of the system development of the rotational Raman lidar.

Kobayashi, Takao↗
NASA NTRS1986

Determining the Temperature Profile in a Cylindrical Sample

Power-series solution extrapolates from axial temperature profile. Thermal profile in homogeneous axisymmetric body determined throughout body if axial temperature profile known at any radius. New theory developed as aid in research on growth of mercury cadmium telluride for infrared detectors. In particular, applicable to Bridgman-Stockbarger growth, in which round cylindrical ampoule of molten ternary semiconductor is solidified directionally, from one end to other.

Clayton, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1998

Unprecedentedly Accurate X-Ray Mass Determination for Several Clusters Using Measured Temperature Profiles

We use accurate ASCA gas temperature profiles for nearby clusters A3571, A496, A2199 and some others to derive their mass profiles out to radii of overdensity approximately 500. These are relaxed, moderate cooling flow clusters whose two-dimensional temperature maps do not exhibit any structure that would suggest merging activity. Thus the hydrostatic equilibrium assumption should hold for these clusters and meaningful masses can be derived.

Markevitch, Maxim↗
NASA NTRS2003

Comparison of GPS/SAC-C and MIPAS/ENVISAT temperature profiles and its implementation for EOS AURA-MLS observations

A new generation GPS flight receiver was launched on the Argentinian satellite SAC-C in 2001. It has demonstrated the potential applicability for the continuous monitoring of the earth's atmosphere with radio occultation technology, and providing high vertical resolution profiles of temperature and water vapour data complementary to other sounding techniques.

atmospheric science temperature↗
NASA NTRS1972

A regression technique for determining temperature profiles in the upper stratosphere from satellite-measured radiances.

A technique is described whose application makes it possible to almost double the altitude range over which useful temperature profiles may be obtained. For a wide range of atmospheric temperature profiles, the temperature structure between 30 and 55 km may be derived with an expected error of less than 3 C at 30 km to less than 10 C at 55 km, given the temperature structure in the lower 30 km of the profile, and given a consistent and accurate set of radiance observations. For strongly anomalous conditions in the stratosphere, the accuracy of retrievals at tropospheric levels may also be substantially improved.

Gelman, M. E.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Measurement of temperature profiles in flames by emission-absorption spectroscopy

An investigation was conducted to explore the use of infrared and ultraviolet emission-absorption spectroscopy for determination of temperature profiles in flames. Spectral radiances and absorptances were measured in the 2.7-micron H2O band and the 3064-A OH band in H2/O2 flames for several temperature profiles which were directly measured by a sodium line-reversal technique. The temperature profiles, determined by inversion of the infrared and ultraviolet spectra, showed an average disagreement with line-reversal measurements of 50 K for the infrared and 200 K for the ultraviolet at a temperature of 2600 K. The reasons for these discrepancies are discussed in some detail.

Simmons, F. S.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Computer Program for Calculation of a Gas Temperature Profile by Infrared Emission: Absorption Spectroscopy

A computer program to calculate the temperature profile of a flame or hot gas was presented in detail. Emphasis was on profiles found in jet engine or rocket engine exhaust streams containing H2O or CO2 radiating gases. The temperature profile was assumed axisymmetric with an assumed functional form controlled by two variable parameters. The parameters were calculated using measurements of gas radiation at two wavelengths in the infrared. The program also gave some information on the pressure profile. A method of selection of wavelengths was given that is likely to lead to an accurate determination of the parameters. The program is written in FORTRAN IV language and runs in less than 60 seconds on a Univac 1100 computer.

Buchele, D. R.↗
NASA NTRS2007

Estimating the Soil Temperature Profile from a Single Depth Observation: A Simple Empirical Heatflow Solution

Two data sets of experimental field observations with a range of meteorological conditions are used to investigate the possibility of modeling near-surface soil temperature profiles in a bare soil. It is shown that commonly used heat flow methods that assume a constant ground heat flux can not be used to model the extreme variations in temperature that occur near the surface. This paper proposes a simple approach for modeling the surface soil temperature profiles from a single depth observation. This approach consists of two parts: 1) modeling an instantaneous ground flux profile based on net radiation and the ground heat flux at 5cm depth; 2) using this ground heat flux profile to extrapolate a single temperature observation to a continuous near surface temperature profile. The new model is validated with an independent data set from a different soil and under a range of meteorological conditions.

Holmes, Thomas↗
NASA NTRS2013

The Microwave Temperature Profiler (PERF)

The JPL developed Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP) has recently participated in GloPac, HIPPO (I to V) and TORERO, and the ongoing ATTREX campaigns. The MTP is now capable of supporting the NASA Global Hawk and a new canister version supports the NCAR G-V. The primary product from the MTP is remote measurements of the atmospheric temperature at, above and below the flight path, providing for the vertical state of the atmosphere. The NCAR-MTP has demonstrated unprecedented instrument performance and calibration with plus or minus 0.2 degrees Kelvin flight level temperature error. Derived products include curtain plots, isentropes, lapse rate, cold point height and tropopause height.

airborne instruments↗
NASA NTRS1975

An analytical transformation for remote sensing of clear-column atmospheric temperature profiles

An exact analytical transformation is presented for the remote sensing of atmospheric temperature profiles in the presence of clouds. The transformation permits direct retrieval of clear-column temperature profiles without the need to predetermine the corresponding clear-column radiances. A numerical illustration is given for simulated observations in the 15 micron CO2 band in the terrestrial atmosphere. The resulting method is numerically very fast and is especially suitable for handling the massive amount of data needed for numerical weather prediction.

Chahine, M. T.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Modelling of ionospheric temperature profiles

Ionosphere electron temperature data gathered by the AE-C, AEROS, Isis-1 and -2 spacecraft are employed to define linear models for the average conditions. Account is taken of evidence for seasonal, altitudinal, solar activity and density-temperature effects. Notably, use is made of the high negative correlations between the electron temperature and density, thereby allowing either to be calculated if data are available on the density.

Bilitza, D.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Observational results of microwave temperature profile measurements from the airborne Antarctic ozone experiment

The Microwave Temperature Profiler, MTP, is installed on NASA's ER-2 aircraft. MTP measures profiles of air temperature versus altitude. Temperatures are obtained every 13.7 seconds for 15 altitudes in an altitude region that is approximately 5 km thick (at high flight levels). MTP is a passive microwave radiometer, operating at the frequencies 57.3 and 58.8 GHz. Thermal emission from oxygen molecules provides the signal that is converted to air temperature. MTP is unique in that it is the only airborne instrument of its kind. The MTP instrument was used during the Airborne Antarctic Ozone Experiment, AAOE, to enable potential vorticity to be measured along the flight track. Other uses for the MTP data have become apparent. The most intriguing unexpected use is the detection and characterization of mountain waves that were encountered during flights over the Palmer Peninsula. Mountain waves that propagate into the polar vortex may have implications for the formation of the ozone hole. Upward excursions of air parcels lead to a brief cooling. This can begin the process of cloud formation. It is important to determine how much additional formation of polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) material is possible by the passage of air parcels through a mountain wave pattern that endures for long periods. Other mountain wave effects have been suggested, such as a speeding up of the vortex, and a consequent cooling of large air volumes (which in turn might add to PSC production).

Gary, Bruce L.↗
NASA NTRS2016

Improving 7-Day Forecast Skill by Assimilation of Retrieved AIRS Temperature Profiles

We conducted a new set of Data Assimilation Experiments covering the period January 1 to February 29, 2016 using the GEOS-5 DAS. Our experiments assimilate all data used operationally by GMAO (Control) with some modifications. Significant improvement in Global and Southern Hemisphere Extra-tropical 7-day forecast skill was obtained when: We assimilated AIRS Quality Controlled temperature profiles in place of observed AIRS radiances, and also did not assimilate CrISATMS radiances, nor did we assimilate radiosonde temperature profiles or aircraft temperatures. This new methodology did not improve or degrade 7-day Northern Hemispheric Extra-tropical forecast skill. We are conducting experiments aimed at further improving of Northern Hemisphere Extra-tropical forecast skill.

AIRS Temperature Profiles↗
NASA NTRS1975

Remote sensing of atmospheric temperature profiles with the Nimbus 5 microwave spectrometer

The paper discusses the accuracy of atmospheric vertical temperature profile measurements performed by the Nimbus 5 microwave spectrometer and compares results obtained during the first 6 months of its operation with independent ground-truth measurements (coincident radiosonde measurements). The microwave spectrometer can measure temperature profiles averaged over the instrument weighting function (about 10 km) layers with a root-mean-square accuracy of a few tenths of a degree K for measurement integration times of 16 s. Lower tropospheric temperature data from the spectrometer measurements is used in the numerical weather prediction model of the National Meteorological Center.

Waters, J. W.↗
NASA NTRS1992

BELINDA: Broadband Emission Lidar with Narrowband Determination of Absorption. A new concept for measuring water vapor and temperature profiles

We present a new concept for differential absorption lidar measurements of water vapor and temperature profiles. The idea is to use one broadband emission laser and a narrowband filter system for separation of the 'online' and 'offline' return signals. It is shown that BELINDA offers improvements as to laser emission shape and stability requirements, background suppression, and last and most important a significant reduction of the influence of Rayleigh scattering. A suitably designed system based on this concept is presented, capable of measuring water vapor or temperature profiles throughout the planetary boundary layer.

Theopold, F. A.↗