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Tiros Program Results

Tiros operational satellite system - tiros i and tiros ii - transmission of useful meteorological information

TIROS II SATELLITE

Evaluation program for secondary spacecraft cells: Initial evaluation tests of General Electric Company 6.0 ampere-hour nickel-cadmium spacecraft cells for the Improved Tiros Operational Satellite (ITOS)

Quality control measures for Ni-Cd spacecraft cells were analyzed. Cells were examined for electrolyte leakage, internal shorts, low capacity, or inability of any cell to recover its open circuit voltage above 1.50 volts during the internal short test. Test results are given in tabular form.

Harkness, J. D.

Unique signatures of synoptic features in Tiros N satellite data

The application of satellite data to the study of synoptic characteristics is analyzed. A radiative transfer model is used to generate a database of satellite information on synoptic features. Canonical discriminant analysis is employed to reveal the differences among synoptic sounding classes; and the fine structures within each sounding class are examined with rotated factor analysis. Diagrams of wind and frontal inversions are presented. It is noted that the applicability of satellite data depends on the method used to analyze it and multivariable statistical techniques may be useful for deriving additional information from satellite data.

White, G. A., III

Windsat Free Flyer using the advanced TIROS-N satellite

The results of this study show the feasibility of carrying a wind measuring lidar on an ATN-derivative free flying spacecraft. The overall configuration fits within the Shuttle bay and uses the same techniques for STS Launch as the proposed SAATN spacecraft. The lidar can be made light enough that the total weight of the satellite is well within the capability of the onboard propulsion system for transfers to a Sun synchronous orbit at 833 km attitude. The principal techniques for weight minimization are the use of the Perkin Elmer proprietary HIP process for the telescope, new packaging concepts for the laser and for the optics-laser interface, and the application of current technology to the signal processing hardware. Power minimization is achieved for the lidar primarily by use of a low pulse repetition frequency, i.e., 2pps, and again by the use of current processor technology. The power capability of the spacecraft is enhanced by increasing the ATN array size 25 percent, through the addition of two more solar array panels of the present size, and by limiting the range of Sun angles over which the spacecraft is operated. The same basic concept for the lidar as proposed in the Shuttle Windsat study is recommended here, but there are some changes in details to improve weight and power. No major technology break-throughs are required for the lidar, but some technology experiments are recommended for the laser subsystem to verify isotopic gas lifetime and performance, modulator life and weight, and for space qualification. Spacecraft changes are all natural modifications or growth to accommodate the payload. Overall, the proposed system provides substantial margin for the uncertainties for the future and for potential payload change, and also demonstrates the reasonableness of the Windsat Free Flyer concept.

Gurk, Herbert M.