Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “UTILITIES SYSTEM”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

32 Channel × 40 Gb/s WDM optical communication system utilizing different configurations of hybrid fiber amplifier

In this paper, a simulation analysis of 40 Gb/s wavelength division multiplexing system of 32 channels is implemented through RZ modulation format by using a different hybrid fiber amplifier (HFA) configurations, namely, serial HFA, parallel HFA, and combined serial–parallel hybrid fiber amplifier (CSP-HFA). The performance of the proposed amplifiers is compared in terms of average gain level, average noise figure, flat gain bandwidth. In addition, quality factor, bit error rate, and eye diagram for the demonstrated 32 channel × 40 Gb/s wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system utilizing different configurations of the hybrid fiber amplifier is compared. The CSP-HFA shows better performance than serial and parallel hybrid amplifiers in terms of wider flat gain bandwidth, higher quality factor, lower bit error rate, and wider and clearer eye opening. Furthermore, CSP-HFA exhibits a flat gain bandwidth of 65 nm with an acceptable average gain of 16 dB and average noise figure of 7 dB.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS2010

Development of U.S. Government General Technical Requirements for UAS Flight Safety Systems Utilizing the Iridium Satellite Constellation

This slide presentation reviews the development of technical requirements for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) utilization of the Iridium Satellite Constellation to provide flight safety. The Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) required an over-the-horizon communication standard to guarantee flight safety before permitting widespread UAS flights in the National Air Space (NAS). This is important to ensure reliable control of UASs during loss-link and over-the-horizon scenarios. The core requirement was to utilize a satellite system to send GPS tracking data and other telemetry from a flight vehicle down to the ground. Iridium was chosen as the system because it is one of the only true satellite systems that has world wide coverage, and the service has a highly reliable link margin. The Iridium system, the flight modems, and the test flight are described.

Murray, Jennifer↗
NASA NTRS2016

Motion Estimation System Utilizing Point Cloud Registration

A system and method of estimation motion of a machine is disclosed. The method may include determining a first point cloud and a second point cloud corresponding to an environment in a vicinity of the machine. The method may further include generating a first extended gaussian image (EGI) for the first point cloud and a second EGI for the second point cloud. The method may further include determining a first EGI segment based on the first EGI and a second EGI segment based on the second EGI. The method may further include determining a first two dimensional distribution for points in the first EGI segment and a second two dimensional distribution for points in the second EGI segment. The method may further include estimating motion of the machine based on the first and second two dimensional distributions.

Chen, Qi↗
DOE OSTI2016

HTTR-GT/H2 test plant - design study on helium gas turbine for the heat utilization system connected to JAEA's HTTR - 18674

In JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency), the program of verification of combined system with helium gas turbine power generation and hydrogen production using nuclear heat which becomes the first in the world, is proceeding. From 2014 to 2015 Japanese Fiscal Year, the design study of the heat utilization system which is arranged in cascade to the heat supply system to supply the hydrogen production system and helium gas turbine system which are installed in the secondary helium-cooling system of High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) was performed and measure technologies of the system have been verified. MHI participated in the design study work of main equipment of this system. This paper reports the result of the design study of a helium gas turbine among those results. Self-sustaining condition (a power generation output is attained) is required for the gas turbine system in three modes of operation such as a) gas turbine individual operation, b) gas turbine + hydrogen production system combined operation, and c) hydrogen production system load loss and gas turbine independent shift operation]. By adopting a multi-stage centrifugal type impeller as a gas turbine and a compressor as a result of design study, it confirmed that all the mode-of-operation self-sustaining can be attained, and can attain a maximum of approx. 1 MWe power generation output on condition of the turbine inlet temperature of 560 deg. C, the turbine flow of 9.8 kg/sec, the compressor inlet temperature of 30 deg. C, and the compression ratio 1.3. (authors)

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
NASA NTRS1991

Lunar electric power systems utilizing the SP-100 reactor coupled to dynamic conversion systems

An integration study was performed by coupling an SP-100 reactor to either a Brayton or Stirling power conversion subsystem. The application was for a surface power system to supply power requirements to a lunar base. A power level of 550 kWe was selected based on the NASA Space Exploration Initiative 90-day study. Reliability studies were initially performed to determine optimum power-conversion redundancy. This study resulted in selecting three operating engines and one standby unit. Integratiaon-design studies indicated that either the Brayton or Stirling power conversion subsystem could be integrated with the SP-100 reactor. The Stirling system had an integration advantage because of smaller piping size and fewer components. The Stirling engine, however, is more complex and heavier than the Brayton rotating unit, which tends to offset the Stirling integration advantage. From a performance consideration, the Brayton had a 9-percent mass advantage and the Stirling a 50-percent radiator-area advantage.

Harty, Richard B.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Lunar electric power systems utilizing the SP-100 reactor coupled to dynamic conversion systems

An integration study was performed by Rocketdyne under contract to NASA-LeRC. The study was concerned with coupling an SP-0100 reactor to either a Brayton or Stirling power conversion system. The application was for a surface power system to supply power requirements to a lunar base. A power level of 550 kWe was selected based on the NASA Space Exploration Initiative 90-day study. Reliability studies were initially performed to determine optimum power conversion redundancy. This study resulted in selecting three operating engines and one stand-by unit. Integration design studies indicated that either the Brayton or Stirling power conversion systems could be integrated with the PS-100 reactor. The Stirling system had an integration advantage because of smaller piping size and fewer components. The Stirling engine, however, is more complex and heavier than the Brayton rotating unit, which tends to off-set the Stirling integration advantage. From a performance consideration, the Brayton had a 9 percent mass advantage, and the Stirling had a 50 percent radiator advantage.

Harty, Richard B.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Direct Air Capture and Utilization System (DACUS): FEED Study of CarbonCapture Inc. DAC and CarbonCure Utilization Technologies Using United States Steel’s Gary Works Plant Waste Heat

The effects of climate change are drastically perceived through the alarming rates of severe events such as flooding, hurricanes, wildfires, global temperature rise, sea-level rise, and ocean acidification etc., which has prompted the nations across the globe to control & reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, by massive adoption of electric vehicles, switching to renewal energy sources and promoting sustainable green products. However, recent climate studies have shown that such efforts will not be enough to keep the global temperature rising under 1.5° Celsius by the year 2050, which lead to the development of multiple Direct Air Capture (DAC) technologies. A DAC system extracts CO2 directly from the atmosphere, which is either stored underground for long term or utilized in other processes. The DACUS proposed at U.S. Steel Corporation’s Gary Works Plant in Gary, Indiana, will include an innovative DAC technology from CarbonCapture Inc. (CCI), which will be collocated and powered by waste heat from the steel plant to capture CO2 from ambient air, and CarbonCure CO2 utilization technology- which is a commercial technology that is already installed and in use by early adopters in more than 150 concrete mixing plants across North America and Asia. The University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign spearheaded this Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) study project, which was funded by US Department of Energy (DOE), aimed at designing a state-of-the art DACU system that can remove minimum of 5,000 tonne/year net CO2 from air (based on cradle-to-gate LCA) and converting the captured CO2 into low carbon intensity products. The off takers of the low Carbon product produced by the DACUS have also been identified near the steel plant in the Indiana, Illinois & Wisconsin Region. This creates a full CO2 value chain and provides a means to assess the impact of this holistic approach on job creation, regional economic impact, and environmental justice. DACUS is a promising new technology for reducing greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Operation costs are minimized by locating CCI’s innovative DAC collector at United States Steel's Gary Works site where waste heat is utilized. Carbon emissions are minimized in CO2 transportation. The captured CO2 will be permanently sequestered in concrete used as construction material. This DOE funded FEED study demonstrates a full CO2 value chain for a DACU system, supported by an industrial facility. If this project were constructed, it would have a very positive and lasting impact on both the environment and the community.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS1976

Investigation of storage system designs and techniques for optimizing energy conservation in integrated utility systems. Volume 2: (Application of energy storage to IUS)

The applicability of energy storage devices to any energy system depends on the performance and cost characteristics of the larger basic system. A comparative assessment of energy storage alternatives for application to IUS which addresses the systems aspects of the overall installation is described. Factors considered include: (1) descriptions of the two no-storage IUS baselines utilized as yardsticks for comparison throughout the study; (2) discussions of the assessment criteria and the selection framework employed; (3) a summary of the rationale utilized in selecting water storage as the primary energy storage candidate for near term application to IUS; (4) discussion of the integration aspects of water storage systems; and (5) an assessment of IUS with water storage in alternative climates.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2018

Efficient mRNA delivery system utilizing chimeric VSVG-L7Ae virus-like particles

Highlights: • Generation of chimeric virus-like particles by fusion of VSV-G and L7Ae proteins. • VSVG-L7Ae VLPs efficiently incorporate and deliver mRNA into various human cell lines. • Inclusion of mRNA is mediated by RNA binding domain of L7Ae. The delivery of mRNA is advantageous over DNA delivery as it is transient and does not carry the risk of genomic DNA integration. However, there are currently few efficient mRNA delivery options available, especially for hard-to-transfect cell types, and thus new delivery methods are needed. To this end, we have established a novel mRNA delivery system utilizing chimeric virus-like particles (VLPs). We generated a novel VLP by fusing protein G of Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G) with a ribosomal protein L7Ae of Archeoglobus fulgidus. This system allowed the efficient delivery of EGFP mRNA which was independent from the presence of BoxC/D motif in the mRNA sequence. Our VSVG-L7Ae VLP system demonstrated high transduction efficacy in hard-to-transfect cell lines, such as human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) and monocytes. In summary, this platform may serve as an efficient and transient transgene delivery tool for an mRNA of interest.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS2011

Fabrication and Characterization of Brazed Joints for SiC-Metallic Systems Utilizing Refractory Metals

Metal to ceramic joining plays a key role for the integration of ceramics into many nuclear, ground and aero based technologies. In order to facilitate these technologies, the active metal brazing of silicon carbide (CVD beta-SiC, 1.1 mm thick, and hot-pressed alpha-SiC, 3 mm thick) to the refractory metals molybdenum and tungsten using active braze alloys was studied. The joint microstructure, composition, and microhardness were evaluated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Knoop hardness testing. The braze alloys, Cusil-ABA, Ticusil and Copper-ABA, all formed sound joints with excellent wetting and chemical bonding with the SiC substrate. Despite the close thermal expansion match between the metal substrates and SiC, hairline cracks formed in alpha-SiC while beta-SiC showed no signs of residual stress cracking. The use of ductile interlayers to reduce the effect from residual stresses was investigated and joints formed with copper as an interlayer produced crack free systems utilizing both CVD and hot-pressed SiC.

Coddington, Bryan↗
NASA NTRS1976

Investigation of storage system designs and techniques for optimizing energy conservation in integrated utility systems. Volume 3: (Assessment of technical and cost characteristics of candidate IUS energy storage devices)

Six energy storage technologies (inertial, superconducting magnetic, electrochemical, chemical, compressed air, and thermal) were assessed and evaluated for specific applicability to the IUS. To provide a perspective for the individual storage technologies, a brief outline of the general nature of energy storage and its significance to the user is presented.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2006

Valve Health Monitoring System Utilizing Smart Instrumentation

The valve monitoring system is a stand alone unit with network capabilities for integration into a higher level health management system. The system is designed for aiding in failure predictions of high-geared ball valves and linearly actuated valves. It performs data tracking and archiving for identifying degraded performance. The data collection types are cryogenic cycles, total cycles, inlet temperature, body temperature torsional strain, linear bonnet strain, preload position, total travel and total directional changes. Events are recorded and time stamped in accordance with the IRIG B True Time. The monitoring system is designed for use in a Class 1 Division II explosive environment. The basic configuration consists of several instrumentation sensor units and a base station. The sensor units are self contained microprocessor controlled and remotely mountable in three by three by two inches. Each unit is potted in a fire retardant substance without any cavities and limited to low operating power for maintaining safe operation in a hydrogen environment. The units are temperature monitored to safeguard against operation outside temperature limitations. Each contains 902-928 MHz band digital transmitters which meet Federal Communication Commission's requirements and are limited to a 35 foot transmission radius for preserving data security. The base-station controller correlates data from the sensor units and generates data event logs on a compact flash memory module for database uploading. The entries are also broadcast over an Ethernet network. Nitrogen purged National Electrical Manufactures Association (NEMA) Class 4 enclosures are used to house the base-station

Jensen, Scott L.↗
DOE OSTI2018

Operational Performance Characterization of a Heat Pump System Utilizing Recycled Water as Heat Sink and Heat Source in a Cool and Dry Climate

The wastewater leaving from homes and businesses contains abundant low-grade energy, which can be utilized through heat pump technology to heat and cool buildings. Although the energy in the wastewater has been successfully utilized to condition buildings in other countries, it is barely utilized in the United States, until recently. In 2013, the Denver Museum of Nature & Science at Denver, the United States implemented a unique heat pump system that utilizes recycled wastewater from a municipal water system to cool and heat its 13,000 m 2 new addition. This recycled water heat pump (RWHP) system uses seven 105 kW (cooling capacity) modular water-to-water heat pumps (WWHPs). Each WWHP uses R-410A refrigerant, has two compressors, and can independently provide either 52 °C hot water (HW) or 7 °C chilled water (CHW) to the building. This paper presents performance characterization results of this RWHP system based on the measured data from December 2014 through August 2015. The annual energy consumption of the RWHP system was also calculated and compared with that of a baseline Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system which meets the minimum energy efficiencies that are allowed by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 90.1-2013. The performance analysis results indicate that recycled water temperatures were favorable for effective operation of heat pumps. As a result, on an annual basis, the RWHP system avoided 50% of source energy consumption (resulting from reduction in natural gas consumption although electricity consumption was increased slightly), reduced CO 2 emissions by 41%, and saved 34% in energy costs as compared with the baseline system.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
NASA NTRS2000

ProSEDS Telemetry System Utilization of GPS Position Data for Transmitter Cycling

NASA Marshall Space Flight Center will launch the Propulsive Small Expendable Deployer System (ProSEDS) space experiment in late 2000. ProSEDS will demonstrate the use of an electrodynamic tether propulsion system and will utilize a conducting wire tether to generate limited spacecraft power. This paper will provide an overview of the ProSEDS mission and will discuss the design, development and test of the spacecraft telemetry system which utilizes a custom designed GPS subsystem to determine spacecraft position relative to ground station location and to control transmitter on/off cycling based on spacecraft state vector and ground station visibility.

Kennedy, Paul↗
NASA NTRS1974

A multichannel EEG telemetry system utilizing a PCM subcarrier

A multichannel personal-type telemetry system is described that utilizes PCM encoding for the most effective range with minimum RF bandwidth and noise interference. Recent IC developments (COS MOS) make it possible to implement a sophisticated encoding system (PCM) within the low power and size constraints necessary for a personal biotelemetry system. This system includes low-level high-impedance preamplifiers to make the system suitable for EEG recording.

Fryer, T. B.↗
DOE OSTI2015

Hybrid energy storage systems utilizing redox active organic compounds

Redox flow batteries (RFB) have attracted considerable interest due to their ability to store large amounts of power and energy. Non-aqueous energy storage systems that utilize at least some aspects of RFB systems are attractive because they can offer an expansion of the operating potential window, which can improve on the system energy and power densities. One example of such systems has a separator separating first and second electrodes. The first electrode includes a first current collector and volume containing a first active material. The second electrode includes a second current collector and volume containing a second active material. During operation, the first source provides a flow of first active material to the first volume. The first active material includes a redox active organic compound dissolved in a non-aqueous, liquid electrolyte and the second active material includes a redox active metal.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2022

Precooling system utilizing cryogenic liquid fuels for fueling pressurized vehicle gaseous onboard storage tank system with controlled dispensing temperatures

A method and a precooling system are provided for precooling gaseous fuel supplied for fueling pressurized gaseous vehicle onboard storage tank systems. The precooling system is used in pressurized gaseous fueling stations with source fuels in cryogenic state, such as liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquefied nature gas (LNG). A thermal buffer heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger medium, and a cold loop and a warm loop contained in the heat exchanger medium. A control unit is configured for controlling cryogenic fuel supplied to the cold loop for cooling the thermal buffer heat exchanger. The thermal buffer heat exchanger enables precooling high pressure gaseous fuel to a preset temperature supplied to a dispenser supplying high pressure gaseous fuel to refuel a vehicle onboard storage tank system.

Elgowainy, Amgad A.↗
DOE OSTI2018

Ducted combustion systems utilizing flow field preparation

A ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber and a fuel injector in fluid connection with the combustion chamber, which includes an orifice opening from an injector tip of the fuel injector, the orifice injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as a fuel jet, the fuel jet flowing, within the combustion chamber, in a fuel flow direction. The system includes at least one duct disposed within the combustion chamber, the at least one duct being disposed such that the fuel jet, at least partially, enters one of the at least one ducts upon being injected into the combustion chamber. The at least one duct may be configured for having a flow field air stream within the duct, prior to entrance of the fuel jet, the flow field air stream having a flow direction that is substantially similar to the fuel flow direction.

42 ENGINEERING↗