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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS1976

Summary of lightning activities by NASA for the Apollo Soyuz test project: Supplement no. 1 to Apollo Soyuz mission evaluation report

To avoid the possibility of an unnecessary launch delay, a special program was initiated to provide aircraft measurement of electric fields at various altitudes over the Apollo vehicle launch pad. Eight aircraft, each equipped with electric field meters, were used in the program. This program and some of the more important findings are discussed. Also included is a summary of the history of manned space vehicle involvement with lightning, a brief description of the lightning instrumentation in use at KSC (Kennedy Space Center) at the time of the Apollo Soyuz mission and a discussion of the airborne instrumentation and related data.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1975

Volatiles on the surface of Apollo 15 green glass and trace-element distributions among Apollo 15 soils

Zn, Ge, Cd, In, and Au have been detected in surficial deposits on Apollo 15 green-glass spherules, and it is suggested that these deposits are condensates from the magmatic gas phase which was responsible for the pneumatic expulsion of the green glass from the lunar interior. Thermodynamic data indicate that chlorides and fluorides were the dominant forms of the volatile metals. The Ar-40x content of a nongreen-glass soil fraction is greater than that found in green-glass. Mare and low-K Fra Mauro basalts seem to be the most prominent components of Apollo 15 soil. The correlation of Zn with Ar-40x and with Pb-204 is studied, and the distribution of quartz-normative and olivine-normative basalts is considered.

Chou, C.-L.↗
NASA NTRS1982

The lunar regolith - Comparative studies of the Apollo and Luna sites. Petrology of soils from Apollo 17, Luna 16, 20, and 24

A progress report is presented concerning an investigation involving a comprehensive chemical and petrologic study of surface soils from all nine lunar sampling sites. The soils selected for this study are part of the lunar highlands soils suite and represent the soils at each site that contain abundant highland-derived material. The current report takes into consideration, in addition to the eight soils discussed by Labotka et al. (1980) and by Laul and Papike (1980), three Apollo 17 soils (72501, 76501, and 78221), and three Luna soils (21000, L-16; 22001, L-20; and 24999, L-24). Attention is given to the modal petrology of the 1000-90 micrometer fraction of all 14 soils, and the modes and mineral and glass chemistries of the 90-20 and 20-10 micrometer fractions of the Apollo 17 and Luna soils. In an evaluation of the obtained results, it is found that except for rare, large-scale impacts, lateral mixing is an inefficient process. Comminution and vertical mixing appear to be the dominant process.

Simon, S. B.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Chemistry and phase relations of VLT volcanic glasses from Apollo 14 and Apollo 17

The VLT (very low titanium) volcanic glasses from Apollo 14 and Apollo 17 have been analyzed for the major elements and trace Ni. These glasses display compositional trends that may not result entirely from olivine fractionation. The phase relations have been determined experimentally. Olivine is the liquidus phase in the pressure interval from 0 to about 18 kbar. Pigeonite is the liquidus phase from about 18 kbar to 22 kbar or more. If these VLT volcanic glasses are samples of primary melts that had been in chemical equilibrium with olivine and low-Ca pyroxene in their source regions, then these liquids were derived from depths of 360-380 km within the moon.

Chen, H.-K.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Exploring the lunar mantle with secondary ion mass spectrometry - A comparison of lunar picritic glass beads from the Apollo 14 and Apollo 17 sites

Results are presented from SIMS analyses of major, minor, and trace elements in lunar picritic glass beads obtained from the Apollo 14 (A-14) and Apollo 17 (A-17) landing sites. The results obtained indicate that the glasses from each site differed significantly in their Ba/Sr and light-REE/heavy-REE ratios. The differences between the A-14 and the A-17 glasses appear to be the result of a higher KREEP component in all the A-14 glasses, indicating that the mantle source of the A-14 site is intrinsically different from the A-17 mantle source.

Shearer, C. K.↗