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Results for “batteries R&D”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Research advances on cobalt-free cathodes for Li-ion batteries - The high voltage LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 as an example

LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 is one of the most promising cathode materials for use in either next generation lithium-ion batteries or all solid-state batteries. However, despite the significant Research and Development (R&D) carried out throughout the last two decades the material has not made serious inroads into market. One of the major reasons is the lack of consistency in the reported intrinsic properties and electrochemical performance owing to major controversies in synthesis, crystal structure and bulk and interfacial properties of LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 , notably in contact with electrolytes. This paper is a compelling review providing an assessment on the mainstream R&D dealing with the various crystal structures of LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 and their evolutions observed during synthesis and cycling in correlation with their electrochemical performance. Influence of electrolytes and additives along with modifications through doping and surface treatments are interrelated, and the electronic and ionic transport properties of the ordered and disordered LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 phases are discussed. Overall, this review provides a detailed assessment on LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 and the underlying mechanisms governing its electrochemical performance broadly providing a focused framework for further advancement towards commercialization.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2008

Vehicle Technologies Program: Energy Storage R&D (2008 Annual Progress Report)

One of the primary objectives of the Energy Storage effort is the development of durable and affordable advanced batteries (and ultracapacitors) for use in a full range of vehicle applications, from start/stop to full-power HEVs, EVs, and PHEVs. The battery technology development activity spans three areas: system development of full battery systems; benchmark testing of emerging technologies in order to remain abreast of the latest industry developments; and Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) to fund early-stage R&D for small businesses/entrepreneurs.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Future Cost Benefits Analysis for Electrified Vehicles from Advances Due to U.S. Department of Energy Targets

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Vehicle Technologies Office (DOE-VTO) supports research and development (R&D), as well as deployment of efficient and sustainable transportation technologies, that will improve energy efficiency and fuel economy and enable America to use less petroleum. To accelerate the creation and adoption of new technologies, DOE-VTO has developed specific targets for a wide range of powertrain technologies (e.g., engine, battery, electric machine, lightweighting, etc.). This paper quantifies the impact of VTO R&D on vehicle energy consumption and cost compared to expected historical improvements across vehicle classes, powertrains, component technologies and timeframes. We have implemented a large scale simulation process to develop and simulate tens of thousands of vehicles on U.S. standard driving cycles using Autonomie, a vehicle simulation tool developed by Argonne National Laboratory. Results demonstrate significant additional reductions in both cost and energy consumption due to the existence of VTO R&D targets compared to predicted historical trends. It is observed that, over time, the fuel consumption of different electrified vehicles is expected to decrease by 40–50% and a reduction of 45–55% for vehicle manufacturing costs owing to significant improvements through various VTO R&D targets.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Battery Energy Storage Scenario Analyses Using the Lithium-Ion Battery Resource Assessment (LIBRA) Model

Meeting aggressive carbon emission goals will entail widespread deployment of renewable sources of electricity. Because these sources are variable, there is a need to develop scalable energy storage technologies. The U.S. Department of Energy is supporting efforts to increase U.S. manufacturing and recycling capabilities for LIBs and to decrease costs of stationary storage batteries. Many factors influence the domestic manufacturing and cost of stationary storage batteries, including availability of critical raw materials (lithium, cobalt, and nickel), competition from various demand sectors (consumer electronics, vehicles, and battery energy storage), resource recovery (recycling), government policies, and learning in the industry, among other factors. Understanding how these factors interact and identifying synergies and bottlenecks is important for developing effective strategies for the LIB stationary energy storage system. We developed the Lithium-Ion Battery Resource Analysis (LIBRA) model as a tool to help stakeholders better understand the following types of questions: What are the roles of R&D, industrial learning, and scaling of demand in lowering the cost of battery energy storage system production? How do the intersections between the EV and stationary storage sectors affect the battery supply chain? For various stationary storage and EV penetration scenarios, what volumes of critical materials might be required and what role can resource recovery play? What does expected demand for both EVs and stationary storage portend for mineral resources and overall mineral scarcity? The LIBRA model is developed using a System dynamics (SD) modeling approach to represent interactions across the segments of the battery materials supply chain. System dynamics models can capture the complex interactions and feedback between the various system components that influence supply and demand. The LIBRA model is comprised of several interacting modules that represent specific portions of the LIB supply chain. The model tracks the buildout of the domestic LIB industry over time (2020 - 2050) and in the context of competing demands for raw materials, recycling, and markets for LIBs. The LIBRA model represents major systemic feedback loops and delays across the supply chain. This report provides a complete documentation for the LIBRA model, including model assumptions, data, scenario analysis results, and sensitivity analysis of the model's input space.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
NASA NTRS1999

Wilberforce Power Technology in Education Program

The Wilberforce Power Technology in Education Program is a multipart program. Three key parts of this program will be described. They are: (1) WISE-The Wilberforce Summer Intensive Experience. This annual offering is an educational program which is designed to provide both background reinforcement and a focus on study skills to give the participants a boost in their academic performance throughout their academic careers. It is offered to entering Wilberforce students. Those students who take advantage of WISE learn to improve important skills which enable them to work at higher levels in mathematics, science and engineering courses throughout their college careers, but most notably in the first year of college study. (2) Apply technology to reaming. This is being done in several ways including creating an electronic chemistry text with hypertext links to a glossary to help the students deal with the large new vocabulary required to describe and understand chemistry. It is also being done by converting lecture materials for the Biochemistry class to PowerPoint format. Technology is also being applied to learning by exploring simulation software of scientific instrumentation. (3) Wilberforce participation in collaborative research with NASA's John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field. This research has focused on two areas in the past year. The first of these is the deposition of solar cell materials. A second area involves the development of polymeric materials for incorporation into thin film batteries.

Gordon, Edward M.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Improved low temperature performance of lithium ion cells with low ethylene carbonate content electrolytes

Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries are being developed for various aerospace applications under a NASA-DoD interagency program. For the projected missions, lithium ion batteries need to be further improved, i.e., low temperature performance for Mars Landers, Rovers, and Penetrators and cycle life for the Orbiters and LEO and GEO satellites.

Li-ion battery low temperature electrolytes↗
DOE OSTI2023

Study on the Carbon Nanostructures for Nanosized Si Electrodes

Silicon (Si) has been considered as a next-generation anode material due to natural abundance, low operating potential (<0.5 V vs. Li/Li+), and high theoretical specific capacity of 4200 mAh g-1.[1] However, the electrochemical alloying reaction of Si involves large volume changes of 400% during lithiation and delithiation, causing cracking and pulverization of Si.[1] In addition, solid electrolyte interface (SEI) of Si anode experiences constant changes due to unstable SEI reactivity.[2] Considerable efforts have been made to design nanostructured Si materials to address the issues because nanostructuring can relieve the mechanical strain.[3] However, when compared to micrometer-sized active materials having sufficient electrolyte pathway through interparticle space, the nanoparticle (NP)-based electrodes tend to be densely packed. As mass loading is higher and electrode is thicker, ion transport issue can become more severe in the densely packed electrodes.[4] In this work, we will present studies on engineered porosity impacts performance in Si NP electrodes by altering carbon nanostructures. We explore the extreme limit of effectively non-porous electrodes using quasi-spherical, Si NPs, which result in densely packed electrodes when slurry is prepared with conventional carbon black. We engineer porosity using carbon nanostructures including multi-walled carbon nanotubes and carbon nanorods in place of conventional carbon black to create pore structure in Si NP-based electrodes. These experiments provide a correlation between mass loading, porosity and silicon utilization in Si NP-based electrodes. References: [1] C. K. Chan, H. Peng, G. Liu, K. Mcllwrath, X. F. Zhang, R. A. Huggins, Y. Cui, "High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires", Nat. Nanotechnol., 2008, 3, 31, [2] J. D. McBrayer, M.-T. F. Rodrigues, M. C. Schulze, D. P. Abraham, C. A. Apblett, I. Bloom, G. M. Carroll, A. M. Coclasure, C. Fang, K. L. Harrison, G. Liu, S. D. Minteer, N. R. Neale, G. M. Veith, C. S. Johnson, J. T. Vaughey, A. K. Burrel, B. Cunningham, "Calendar aging of silicon-containing batteries", Nat. Energy, 2021, 6, 1164, [3] H. Wu, G. Zheng, N. Liu, T. J. Carney, Y. Yang, Y. Cui, "Engineering Empty space between Si Nanoparticles for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes", Nano Lett., 2012, 12, 904, [4] X. Zhang, Z. Ju, Y. Zhu, K. J. Takeuchi, E. S. Takeuchi, A. C. Marschilok, G. Yu, "Multiscale Understanding and Architecture Design of High Energy/Power Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes", Adv. Energy Mater., 2021, 11, 2000808

carbon nanostructure↗
NASA NTRS1981

Laboratory evaluation of a pilot cell battery protection system for photovoltaic applications

An energy storage method for the 3.5 kW battery power system was investigated. The Pilot Cell Battery Protection System was tested for use in photovoltaic power systems and results show that this is a viable method of storage battery control. The method of limiting battery depth of discharge has the following advantages: (1) temperature sensitivity; (2) rate sensitivity; and (3) state of charge indication. The pilot cell concept is of interest in remote stand alone photovoltaic power systems. The battery can be protected from damaging overdischarge by using the proper ratio of pilot cell capacities to main battery capacity.

Cataldo, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1969

Remotely-actuated biomedical switch

Remotely-actuated biomedical switching circuit using transistors consumes no power in the off position and can be actuated by a single-frequency telemetry pulse to control implanted instrumentation. Silicon controlled rectifiers permit the circuit design which imposes zero drain on supply batteries when not in use.

Lee, R. D.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Design Evaluation of High Reliability Lithium Batteries

Within one year, a lithium battery design can be qualified for device use through the application of accelerated discharge testing, calorimetry measurements, real time tests and other supplemental testing. Materials and corrosion testing verify that the battery components remain functional during expected battery life. By combining these various methods, a high reliability lithium battery can be manufactured for applications which require zero defect battery performance.

Buchman, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Development of a microprocessor controller for stand-alone photovoltaic power systems

A controller for stand-alone photovoltaic systems has been developed using a low power CMOS microprocessor. It performs battery state of charge estimation, array control, load management, instrumentation, automatic testing, and communications functions. Array control options are sequential subarray switching and maximum power control. A calculator keypad and LCD display provides manual control, fault diagnosis and digital multimeter functions. An RS-232 port provides data logging or remote control capability. A prototype 5 kW unit has been built and tested successfully. The controller is expected to be useful in village photovoltaic power systems, large solar water pumping installations, and other battery management applications.

Millner, A. R.↗