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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2001

Effects of Heat Treatment on the Ballistic Impact Properties of Inconel 718 for Jet Engine Fan Containment Applications

The effects of heat treating Inconel 718 on the ballistic impact response and failure mechanisms were studied. Two different annealing conditions and an aged condition were considered. Large differences in the static properties were found between the annealed and the aged material, with the annealed condition having lower strength and hardness and greater elongation than the aged. High strain rate tests show similar results. Correspondingly large differences were found in the velocity required to penetrate material in the two conditions in impact tests involving 12.5 mm diameter, 25.4 mm long cylindrical Ti-6-4 projectiles impacting flat plates at velocities in the range of 150 to 300 m/sec. The annealed material was able to absorb over 25 percent more energy than the aged. This is contrary to results observed for ballistic impact response for higher velocity impacts typically encountered in military applications where it has been shown that there exists a correlation between target hardness and ballistic impact strength. Metallographic examination of impacted plates showed strong indication of failure due to adiabatic shear. In both materials localized bands of large shear deformation were apparent, and microhardness measurements indicated an increase in hardness in these bands compared to the surrounding material. These bands were more localized in the aged material than in the annealed material. In addition the annealed material underwent significantly greater overall deformation before failure. The results indicate that lower elongation and reduced strain hardening behavior lead to a transition from shear to adiabatic shear failure, while high elongation and better strain hardening capabilities reduce the tendency for shear to localize and result in an unstable adiabatic shear failure. This supports empirical containment design methods that relate containment thickness to the static toughness.

Pereira, J. Michael↗
NASA NTRS1969

Tensile and fatigue properties of Inconel 718 at cryogenic temperatures

Tests to determine the tensile and fatigue properties of Inconel 718 at cryogenic temperatures show that the alloy increases in strength at low temperatures, with very little change in toughness. The effect of surface finish and grain size on the fatigue properties was also determined.

Malin, C. O.↗
NASA NTRS1968

Weld microfissuring in Inconel 718 minimized by minor elements

Manganese, silicon, and magnesium markedly reduce the tendency of Inconel 718 to weld microfissuring. By combining a manganese, 0.20 percent by content, with silicon, greater than 0.25 percent content, or by adding 20 ppm of magnesium, the weld microfissuring decreased in the standard alloy.

Morrison, T. J.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Microfissuring of Inconel 718

A tentative mathematical computer model of the microfissuring process during electron beam welding of Inconel 718 has been constructed. Predictions of the model are compatible with microfissuring tests on eight 0.25-in. thick test plates. The model takes into account weld power and speed, weld loss (efficiency), parameters and material characteristics. Besides the usual material characteristics (thermal and strength properties), a temperature and grain size dependent critical fracture strain is required by the model. The model is based upon fundamental physical theory (i.e., it is not a mere data interpolation system), and can be extended to other metals by suitable parameter changes.

Nunes, A. C., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1990

The effect of laser pulse tailored welding of Inconel 718

Pulse tailored laser welding has been applied to wrought, wrought grain grown, and cast Inconel 718 using a CO2 laser. Prior to welding, the material was characterized metallographically and the solid state transformation regions were identified using Differential Scanning Calorimetry and high temperature x-ray diffraction. Bead on plate welds (restrained and unrestrained) were then produced using a matrix of pulse duty cycles and pulsed average power. Subsequent characterization included heat affected zone width, penetration and underbead width, the presence of cracks, microfissures and porosity, fusion zone curvature, and precipitation and liquated region width. Pedigree welding on three selected processing conditions was shown by microstructural and dye penetrant analysis to produce no microfissures, a result which strongly indicates the viability of pulse tailored welding for microfissure free IN 718.

Mccay, T. Dwayne↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Microstructural Analysis Across a Hybrid Inconel 718 Turbopump Inducer Following a Scheduled Heat Treatment Process

Additive Manufacturing (AM) provides a low-cost method to fabricate near net shape complex parts. In this study, a turbopump inducer was fabricated using blown powder direct energy deposition (DED) of Inconel 718 to form the fins on a wrought hub. By utilizing this combination process, more cost-effective methods are possible for complex parts. A series of heat treatments were applied to the assembly per ASTM F330.

Inconel 718↗
NASA NTRS2018

Inertial Weldment of Rhenium and Inconel 718

Inertia welding has been found to be a successful method for joining pure rhenium to Inconel 718, and with additional experimentation, this process may have great potential for rocket nozzle applications. Refractory metals are ideally suited to this application, where high temperatures and oxidizing environment survivability is required, but not all of the thruster must be made of these materials, only the areas that require them. A bolted joint between the two metals is not ideal, especially for small thrusters where the mess of a bolted join will come at a steep price. A welded joint would be preferred for flight thrusters.

Cavender, D. P.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

SLM Inconel 718 Thin Section Study

As additive manufacturing techniques develop, the effect of build part geometry on material properties is of increasing interest. Understanding the effects of thin wall geometries on the properties of the material produced via SLM is critical to effectively evaluating components for certification. This study investigates the tensile properties of additively manufactured Inconel 718 as a function of wall thickness and discusses potential impacts of the measuring technique on the test results.

Additive Manufacturing↗
NASA NTRS1972

Time-dependent edge notch sensitivity of Inconel 718 sheet in the temperature range 900 to 1400 F (482 to 760 C)

Time-dependent notch sensitivity of Inconel 718 sheet occurred at 900 to 1200 F when notched specimens were loaded below the yield strength, and tests on smooth specimens showed that small amounts of creep consumed large fractions of creep-rupture life. The severity of the notch sensitivity decreased with decreasing solution treatment temperature and increasing time and/or temperature of the aging treatment. Elimination of the notch sensitivity was correlated with a change in the dislocation mechanism from shearing to by-passing precipitate particles.

Wilson, D. J.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Crack-growth behavior in thick welded plates of Inconel 718 at room and cryogenic temperatures

Results of mechanical-properties and axial-load fatigue and fracture tests performed on thick welded plates of Inconel 718 superalloy are presented. The test objectives were to determine the tensile strength properties and the crack-growth behavior in electron-beam, plasma-arc, and gas tungsten are welds for plates 1.90 cm (0.75 in) thick. Base-metal specimens were also tested to determine the flaw-growth behavior. The tests were performed in room-temperature-air and liquid nitrogen environments. The experimental crack-growth-rate data are correlated with theoretical crack-growth-rate predictions for semielliptical surface flaws.

Forman, R. G.↗
NASA NTRS1969

Hot-cracking studies of Inconel 718 weld- heat-affected zones

Hot ductility tests, gas-tungsten-arc fillerless fusion tests, and circle patch-weld-restraint tests were conducted on Inconel 718 to better understand and correlate the weldability /resistance to hot cracking/ of the alloy. A correlation of the test results with composition, heat-treat condition, grain size, and microstructure was made.

Thompson, E. G.↗
NASA NTRS2007

Study of Radiographic Linear Indications and Subsequent Microstructural Features in Gas Tungsten Arc Welds of Inconel 718

This study presents examples and considerations for differentiating linear radiographic indications produced by gas tungsten arc welds in a 0.05-in-thick sheet of Inconel 718. A series of welds with different structural features, including the enigma indications and other defect indications such as lack of fusion and penetration, were produced, radiographed, and examined metallographically. The enigma indications were produced by a large columnar grain running along the center of the weld nugget occurring when the weld speed was reduced sufficiently below nominal. Examples of respective indications, including the effect of changing the x-ray source location, are presented as an aid to differentiation. Enigma, nominal, and hot-weld specimens were tensile tested to demonstrate the harmlessness of the enigma indication. Statistical analysis showed that there is no difference between the strengths of these three weld conditions.

Walley, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Microstructure And Weld Cracking In Inconel 718(R)

Theories on relationship between metallurgy and microfissuring confirmed. Report describes research on effects of microstructure on cracking of heat-affected zones of welds in Inconel 718(R) alloy. In experimental studies, specimens subjected to various combinations of time-varying thermal and mechanical stresses to simulate welding conditions and to identify physical and chemical effects causing microfissuring.

Thompson, R. G.↗
NASA NTRS1987

A preliminary mechanical property and stress corrosion evaluation of VIM-VAR work strengthened and direct aged Inconel 718 bar material

This report presents a preliminary mechanical property and stress corrosion evaluation of double melted (vacuum induction melted (VIM), and vacuum arc remelted (VAR)), solution treated, work strengthened and direct aged Inconel 718 alloy bar (5.50 in. (13.97 cm) diameter). Two sets of tensile specimens, one direct single aged and the other direct double aged, were tested at ambient temperature in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Longitudinal tensile and yield strengths in excess of 200 ksi (1378.96 MPa) and 168 ksi (1158.33 MPa), respectively, were realized at ambient temperature, for the direct double aged specimen. No failures occurred in the single or double edged longitudinal and transverse tensile specimens stressed to 75 and 100 percent of their respective yield strengths and exposed to a salt fog environment for 180 days. Tensile tests performed after the stress corrosion test showed no mechanical property degradation.

Montano, J. W.↗
NASA NTRS1998

Determination of Yield in Inconel 718 for Axial-Torsional Loading at Temperatures up to 649 C

An experimental program has been implemented to determine small offset yield loci under axial-torsional loading at elevated temperatures. The nickel-base superalloy Inconel 718 (IN718) was chosen for study due to its common use in aeropropulsion applications. Initial and subsequent yield loci were determined for solutioned IN718 at 23, 371, and 454 C and for aged (precipitation hardened) IN718 at 23 and 649 C. The shape of the initial yield loci for solutioned and aged IN718 agreed well with the von Mises prediction. However, in general, the centers of initial yield loci were eccentric to the origin due to a strength-differential (S-D) effect that increased with temperature. Subsequent yield loci exhibited anisotropic hardening in the form of translation and distortion of the locus. This work shows that it is possible to determine yield surfaces for metallic materials at temperatures up to at least 649 C using multiple probes of a single specimen. The experimental data is first-of-its-kind for a superalloy at these very high temperatures and will facilitate a better understanding of multiaxial material response, eventually leading to improved design tools for engine designers.

Gil, Christopher M.↗