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At least 55 records · Page 3

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NASA NTRS1972

Dynamic behavior of air lubricated pivoted-pad journal-bearing, rotor system. 2: Pivot consideration and pad mass

Rotor bearing dynamic tests were conducted with tilting-pad journal bearings having three different pad masses and two different pivot geometries. The rotor was vertically mounted and supported by two three-pad tilting-pad gas journal bearings and a simple externally pressurized thrust bearing. The bearing pads were 5.1 cm (2.02 in.) in diameter and 2.8 cm (1.5 in.) long. The length to diameter ratio was 0.75. One pad was mounted on a flexible diaphragm. The bearing supply pressure ranged from 0 to 690 kilonewtons per square meter (0 to 100 psig), and speeds ranged to 38,500 rpm. Heavy mass pad tilting-pad assemblies produced three rotor-bearing resonances above the first two rotor critical speeds. Lower supply pressure eliminated the resonances. The resonances were oriented primarily in the direction normal to the diaphragm.

Nemeth, Z. N.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Experiments on the stability of various water-lubricated fixed geometry hydrodynamic journal bearings at zero load

Hydrodynamic journal bearing stability tests were conducted with 1.5 in. diameter, 1.5 in. long fixed geometry bearings in water at 80 F with zero load. Five fixed geometry bearings were rated in order of diminishing stability as follows: (1) three-tilted-lobe bearing (offset factor of 1.0), (2) herringbone-groove bearing, (3) one-segment, three-pod, shrouded Rayleigh-step bearing, (4) three-tilted-lobe journal with axial grooves (offset factor of 1.0) mated with a plain bearing, and (5) three-centrally-lobed bearing with axial grooves (offset factor of 0.5). The various parameters that affect the stability of each bearing configuration were investigated.

Schuller, F. T.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Stability and transient motion of a plain journal mounted in flexible damped supports

Results are presented for an extensive study of the influence of damped flexible supports on the stability-threshold speed of a symmetric rotor mounted in nonlinear fluid-film bearings. A stability analysis is conducted by applying the Routh criteria and calculating the damped eigenvalues of the system. Stability maps are given in dimensionless form for a range of support stiffness, damping, and mass ratios. The effect of rotor imbalance on the stability of rotor systems is examined, and it is shown that time transient orbits of shaft and support motions clearly indicate their dynamic behavior for both stable and unstable operating speeds. Simple design criteria are proposed for choosing the support stiffness and damping on the basis of rotor weight and journal clearance to promote optimum stability. It is concluded that the use of a flexible damped support system may increase the stability threshold of a plain journal bearing and that damper supports should promote smoother and quieter machine operation by suppressing oil whirl and attenuating unbalanced rotational forces.

Kirk, R. G.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Classification of journal surfaces using surface topography parameters and software methods to compensate for stylus geometry

Measurements made with a stylus surface tracer which provides a digitized representation of a surface profile are discussed. Parameters are defined to characterize the height (e.g., RMS roughness, skewness, and kurtosis) and length (e.g., autocorrelation) of the surface topography. These are applied to the characterization of crank shaft journals which were manufactured by different grinding and lopping procedures known to give significant differences in crank shaft bearing life. It was found that three parameters (RMS roughness, skewness, and kurtosis) are necessary to adequately distinguish the character of these surfaces. Every surface specimen has a set of values for these three parameters. They can be regarded as a set coordinate in a space constituted by three characteristics axes. The various journal surfaces can be classified along with the determination of a proper wavelength cutoff (0.25 mm) by using a method of separated subspace. The finite radius of the stylus used for profile tracing gives an inherent measurement error as it passes over the fine structure of the surface. A mathematical model is derived to compensate for this error.

Li, C. J.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Thermodynamic analysis of journal bearings operating under steady state loading in laminar regime

Thermohydrodynamic effects in journal bearings operating under steady load in laminar regime are investigated. An analytical model for the finite and infinitely long journal bearings is formulated. The model includes correction factors for the cavitation effects in the unloaded region of the bearing and the mixing of the recirculating oil and supply oil at the oil inlet. A finite difference computer program is developed to numerically solve the governing equations of the continuity, Reynolds, energy, Laplace heat conduction, and a viscosity-temperature relation simultaneously. The program includes a numerical technique for obtaining an isothermal shaft temperature. The numerical results of temperature distribution and the heat effects on the bearing load carrying capacity agree closely with those of experimental findings. Several different sets of simpler boundary conditions for the energy equation are studied.

Khonsari, M. M.↗

NASA NTRS1985

Theoretical modeling of the vapor cavitation in dynamically loaded journal bearings

A theoretical investigation is made of the evolution of a vapor-bubble for a submerged journal bearing under dynamically loaded conditions using the Elrod algorithm. This method conserves mass throughout the computational domain. A comparison study is performed to determine some of the consequences of applying a nonconservative theory (pseudo-Gumbel BC) to a dynamic problem. A complete dynamic cycle of a journal whirling in a circular path is chosen for the basis of comparison. Significant differences are observed in the load components near the end of the cycle. Further, good agreement with experiment is found for stationary and nonstationary cavitation.

Brewe, D. E.↗

NASA NTRS1985

Theoretical modeling of the vapor cavitation in dynamically loaded journal bearings

Brewe, D. E.↗

NASA NTRS1986

Effect of vibration amplitude on vapor cavitation in journal bearings

Computational movies were used to analyze the formation and collapse of vapor cavitation bubbles in a submerged journal bearing. The effect of vibration amplitude on vapor cavitation was studied for a journal undergoing circular whirl. The boundary conditions were implemented using Elrod's algorithm, which conserves mass flow through the cavitation bubble as well as through the oil-film region of the bearing. The vibration amplitudes for the different cases studied resulted in maximum eccentricity ratios ranging from 0.4 to 0.9. The minimum eccentricity ratio reached in each case was 0.1. For the least vibration amplitude studied in which the eccentricity ratio varied between 0.1 and 0.4, no vapor cavitation occurred. The largest vibration amplitude (i.e., eccentricity ratios of 0.1 to 0.9) resulted in vapor cavitation present 76 percent of one complete orbit.

Brewe, D. E.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Nonlinear effects in a plain journal bearing. I - Analytical study. II - Results

In the first part of this work, a numerical model is presented which couples the variable-property Reynolds equation with a rotor-dynamics model for the calculation of a plain journal bearing's nonlinear characteristics when working with a cryogenic fluid, LOX. The effects of load on the linear/nonlinear plain journal bearing characteristics are analyzed and presented in a parametric form. The second part of this work presents numerical results obtained for specific parametric-study input variables (lubricant inlet temperature, external load, angular rotational speed, and axial misalignment). Attention is given to the interrelations between pressure profiles and bearing linear and nonlinear characteristics.

Choy, F. K.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Performance of journal bearings with semi-compressible fluids

Cryogenic fluids in isothermal rigid surface and foil type journal bearings can sometimes be treated as semicompressible fluids. In these applications, the fluid density is a function of the pressure. At low pressures, the fluids can change from a liquid to a saturated liquid-vapor phase. The performance of a rigid surface journal bearing with an idealized semicompressible fluid is discussed. Pressure solutions are based upon a Reynolds equation which includes the effects of a compressibility via the bulk modulus of the fluid. Results are contrasted with the performance of isothermal constant property incompressible fluids.

Carpino, M.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Fluid Compressibility Effects on the Dynamic Response of Hydrostatic Journal Bearings

A theoretical analysis for the dynamic performance characteristics of laminar flow, capillar/orifice compensated hydrostatic journal bearings is presented. The analysis considers in detail the effect of fluid compressibility in the bearing recesses. At high frequency excitations beyond a break frequency, the bearing hydrostatic stiffness increases sharply and it is accompanied by a rapid decrease in direct damping. Also, the potential of pneumatic hammer instability (negative damping) at low frequencies is likely to occur in hydrostatic bearing applications handling highly compressible fluids. Useful design criteria to avoid undesirable dynamic operating conditions at low and high frequencies are determined. The effect of fluid recess compressibility is brought into perspective, and found to be of utmost importance on the entire frequency spectrum response and stability characteristics of hydrostatic/hybrid journal bearings.

Sanandres, Luis A.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Frequency effects on the stability of a journal bearing for periodic loading

The stability of a journal bearing is numerically predicted when an unidirectional periodic external load is applied. The analysis is performed using a cavitation algorithm, which mimics the JFO theory by accounting for the mass balance through the complete bearing. Hence, the history of the film is taken into consideration. The loading pattern is taken to be sinusoidal and the frequency of the load cycle is varied. The results are compared with the predictions using Reynolds boundary conditions for both film rupture and reformation. With such comparisons, the need for accurately predicting the cavitation regions for complex loading patterns is clearly demonstrated. For a particular frequency of loading, the effects of mass, amplitude of load vibration and frequency of journal speed are also investigated.

Vijayaraghavan, D.↗

NASA NTRS1947

An Analysis of the Full-Floating Journal Bearing

An analysis of the operating characteristics of a full-floating journal bearing, a bearing in which a floating sleeve is located between the journal and bearing surfaces, is presented together with charts from which the performance of such bearings may be predicted. Examples are presented to illustrate the use of these charts and a limited number of experiments conducted upon a glass full-floating bearing are reported to verify some results of the analysis.

Shaw, M C↗

NASA NTRS1994

Simultaneous pressure measurement and high-speed photography study of cavitation in a dynamically loaded journal bearing

Cavitation of the oil film in a dynamically loaded journal bearing was studied using high-speed photography and pressure measurement simultaneously. Comparison of the visual and pressure data provided considerable insight into the occurrence and nonoccurrence of cavitation. It was found that (1) for the submerged journal bearing, cavitation typically occurred in the form of one bubble with the pressure in the cavitation bubble close to the absolute zero; and (2) for cavitation-producing operating conditions, cavitation did not always occur; with the oil film then supporting a tensile stress.

Sun, D. C.↗

NASA NTRS1994

Dynamic force response of spherical hydrostatic journal bearing for cryogenic applications

Hydrostatic Journal Bearings (HJB's) are reliable and resilient fluid film rotor support elements ideal to replace roller bearings in cryogenic turbomachinery. HJB' will be used for primary space-power applications due to their long lifetime, low friction and wear, large load capacity, large direct stiffness, and damping force coefficients. An analysis for the performance characteristics of turbulent flow, orifice compensated, spherical hydrostatic journal bearings (HJB's) is presented. Spherical bearings allow tolerance for shaft misalignment without force performance degradation and have also the ability to support axial loads. The spherical HJB combines these advantages to provide a bearing design which could be used efficiently on high performance turbomachinery. The motion of a barotropic liquid on the thin film bearing lands is described by bulk-flow mass and momentum equations. These equations are solved numerically using an efficient CFD method. Numerical predictions of load capacity and force coefficients for a 6 recess, spherical HJB in a LO2 environment are presented. Fluid film axial forces and force coefficients of a magnitude about 20% of the radial load capacity are predicted for the case analyzed. Fluid inertia effects, advective and centrifugal, are found to affect greatly the static and dynamic force performance of the bearing studied.

Sanandres, Luis↗

NASA NTRS1995

Wave journal bearing with compressible lubricant--Part 1: The wave bearing concept and a comparison to the plain circular bearing

To improve hydrodynamic journal bearing steady-state and dynamic performance, a new bearing concept, the wave journal bearing, was developed at the author's lab. This concept features a waved inner bearing diameter. Compared to other alternative bearing geometries used to improve bearing performance such as spiral or herring-bone grooves, steps, etc., the wave bearing's design is relatively simple and allows the shaft to rotate in either direction. A three-wave bearing operating with a compressible lubricant, i.e., gas is analyzed using a numerical code. Its performance is compared to a plain (truly) circular bearing over a broad range of bearing working parameters, e.g., bearing numbers from 0.01 to 100.

Dimofte, Florin↗

NASA NTRS1997

Three-Wave Gas Journal Bearing Behavior With Shaft Runout

Experimental orbits of a free-mounted, three-wave gas journal bearing housing were recorded and compared to transient predicted orbits. The shaft was mounted eccentric with a fixed runout. Experimental observations for both the absolute bearing housing center orbits and the relative bearing housing center to shaft center orbits are in good agreement with the predictions. The sub-synchronous whirl motion generated by the fluid film was found experimentally and predicted theoretically for certain speeds. A three-wave journal bearing can run stably under dynamic loads with orbits well inside the bearing clearance. Moreover, the orbits are almost circular free of the influence of bearing wave shape.

Dimofte, Florin↗

NASA NTRS1993

A Waved Journal Bearing Concept-Evaluating Steady-State and Dynamic Performance with a Potential Active Control Alternative

Analysis of the waved journal bearing concept featuring a waved inner bearing diameter for use with a compressible lubricant (gas) is presented. The performance of generic waved bearings having either three or four waves is predicted for air lubricated bearings. Steady-state performance is discussed in terms of bearing load capacity, while the dynamic performance is discussed in terms of fluid film stability and dynamic coefficients. It was found that the bearing wave amplitude has an important influence on both the steady-state and the dynamic performance of the waved journal bearing. For a fixed eccentricity ratio, the bearing steady-state load capacity and direct dynamic stiffness coefficient increase as the wave amplitude increases.

Dimofte, Florin↗