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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1991

Rendezvous radar for the orbital maneuvering vehicle

This paper describes the development of the Rendezvous Radar Set (RRS) for the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle (OMV) for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The RRS was to be used to locate, and then provide vectoring information to, target satellites (or Shuttle or Space Station) to aid the OMV in making a minimum-fuel-consumption approach and rendezvous. The RRS design is that of an X-Band, all solid-state, monopulse tracking, frequency hopping, pulse-Doppler radar system. The development of the radar was terminated when the OMV prime contract to TRW was terminated by NASA. At the time of the termination, the development was in the circuit design stage. The system design was virtually completed, the PDR had been held. The RRS design was based on Motorola's experiences, both in the design and production of radar systems for the US Army and in the design and production of hi-rel communications systems for NASA space programs. Experience in these fields was combined with the latest digital signal processor and micro-processor technology to design a light-weight, low-power, spaceborne radar. The antenna and antenna positioner (gimbals) technology developed for the RRS is now being used in the satellite-to-satellite communication link design for Motorola's Iridium telecommunications system.

Locke, John W.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Microwave systems applications in deep space telecommunications and navigation - Space Exploration Initiative architectures

The general support requirements of a typical SEI mission set, along with the mission operations objectives and related telecommunications, navigation, and information management (TNIM) support infrastructure options are described. Responsive system architectures and designs are proposed, including a Mars orbiting communications relay satellite system and a Mars-centered navigation capability for servicing all Mars missions. With the TNIM architecture as a basis, key elements of the microwave link design are proposed. The needed new technologies which enable these designs are identified, and current maturity is assessed.

Hall, Justin R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Probe interface design consideration

Interface design between a probe and a spacecraft requires not only technical considerations but also management planning and mission analysis interactions. Two further aspects of importance are the flyby versus the probe trade-off, and the relay link design and data handling optimization.

Casani, E. K.↗
DOE OSTI2026

A PRACTICAL ELECTRODIALYSIS MODEL FOR ACCELERATING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

Empirical optimization of electrodialysis (ED) is dependent on repetitive experiments with incremental adjustments, which is cost prohibitive at scale. While models can reduce the costs associated with optimization and scale-up, existing ED models are limited in application to specific use cases and tend to be developed for the exploration of specific transport phenomena. The field requires a practical system-level model, generalized for the broad range of ED systems. This work presents a modeling framework that enables rapid evaluation of membrane stack design, flow configuration, scale, and operational inputs. Across applications spanning 1 L to 5400 L; use of conventional and bipolar membranes; operation in continuous, batch and fed-batch modes; and feedstocks including seawater, brine, wastewater, and manure hydrolysate, the model achieves a mean R2 of 0.978 for concentration-time profiles and links design choices to techno-economic trade-offs, enabling cost-aware prioritization of system configurations.

Bipolar Membrane↗
NASA NTRS1983

The System View

Analysis of spacecraft to ground communications link performance and a description of the Deep Space Network system is provided. Due to the tremendous distances involved in communicating between the spacecraft at the edge of our solar system and Earth, communications link performance is stretched to the limit of theoretical predictions. This is required in order to return the maximum amount of data possible during critical events such as planetary flybys. The link analysis provides a basis for the initial link design before spacecraft launch and performance prediction and monitoring during spacecraft flight. Additionally, it indicates what performance upgrades are required for mission extensions and new missions. Performance is improved through the use of a larger antenna collecting area, greater transmitter power, lower receiving system noise temperature and more sophisticated data coding schemes. The performance of the Deep Space Station configuration which serves as the ground portion of the communications link is assessed.

Noreen, G. K.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Developing Conduction-Cooled SRF Cavities and First Test Results [Slides]

Summary and Future Work: Development of conduction cooling for SRF; practical thermal link design; experimental setup ready; first results are promising; 6.6 MV/m cwrecorded on a single cell 650 MHz Nb3Sn cavity Activities: ongoing and planned; improve magnetic hygiene of our cryostat; test with improved Nb3Sn coating; and identity and mitigate potential microphonics due to cryocooler vibrations.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRS1973

RFI analysis applied to the TDRSS system

The effect of radio frequency interference (RFI) on the proposed Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) was assessed. The method of assessing RFI was to create a discrete emitter listing containing all the required parameters of transmitters in the applicable VHF and UHF frequency bands. The transmitter and spacecraft receiver characteristics were used to calculate the RFI contribution due to each emitter. The individual contributions were summed to obtain the total impact in the operational bandwidth. Using an as yet incomplete emitter base, it is concluded that the 136- to 137-MHz band should be used by TDRSS rather than the whole 136- to 138-MHz band because of the higher interference levels in the 137- to 138 MHz band. Even when restricting the link to 136 to 137 MHz, the existing link design is marginal, and it is recommended that interference reduction units, such as the adaptive digital filter, be incorporated in the TDRSS ground station.

Jenny, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Computer algorithm for coding gain

Development of a computer algorithm for coding gain for use in an automated communications link design system. Using an empirical formula which defines coding gain as used in space communications engineering, an algorithm is constructed on the basis of available performance data for nonsystematic convolutional encoding with soft-decision (eight-level) Viterbi decoding.

Dodd, E. E.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Performance analysis of wideband data and television channels

Several aspects are discussed of space shuttle communications, including the return link (shuttle-to-ground) relayed through a satellite repeater (TDRS). The repeater exhibits nonlinear amplification and an amplitude-dependent phase shift. Models were developed for various link configurations, and computer simulation programs based on these models are described. Certain analytical results on system performance were also obtained. For the system parameters assumed, the results indicate approximately 1 db degradation relative to a link employing a linear repeater. While this degradation is dependent upon the repeater, filter bandwidths, and modulation parameters used, the programs can accommodate changes to any of these quantities. Thus the programs can be applied to determine the performance with any given set of parameters, or used as an aid in link design.

Geist, J. M.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Analysis of a suspension system for a wheel rolling on a flat track

A flexure strut wheel suspension system is described which keeps a wheel flat against the track and maintains a small interface moment. Equations are presented for the evaluation of this moment. A comparison of the flexure strut system is made with a rigid link design containing pivot bearings.

Mcginness, H.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Distributed processing and fiber optic communications in air data measurement

This paper describes the application of distributed processing, fiber optics, and hardware redundancy to collecting airstream data in Princeton's digitally controlled Variable-Response Research Aircraft (VRA). Microprocessor-controlled instrumentation packages in each wingtip of the aircraft collect angle-of-attack and sideslip data in digital form; after scaling, filtering, and calibrating the data, they send it to the aircraft's microprocessor Digital Flight Control System (micro-DFCS) via digital fiber optic data links. Each wingtip's package is independent of the other; therefore, the system has dual hardware redundancy. The fiber optic link design is presented as well as a description of the calibration and communications software. Translation of the system's dual redundancy into fault tolerance is also covered. Results of preliminary flight tests are included.

Farry, K. A.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Distributed processing and fiber optic communications in air data measurements

The application of distributed processing, fiber optics, and hardware redundancy to collecting airstream data in Princeton's digitally controlled Variable-Response Research Aircraft (VRA) is described. Microprocessor controlled instrumentation packages in each wingtip of the aircraft collect angle of attack and sideslip data in digital form; after scaling, filtering, and calibrating the data, they send it to the aircraft's microprocessor Digital Flight Control System (micro-DFCS) via digital fiber optic data links. Each wingtip's package is independent of the other; therefore, the system has dual hardware redundancy. The fiber optic link design is presented as well as a description of the calibration and communications software.

Farry, K. A.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Emission, absorption and group delay of microwaves in the atmosphere in relation to water vapour content over the Indian subcontinent

The advent of satellite communication for global coverage has apparently indicated a renewed interest in the studies of radio wave propagation through the atmosphere, in the VHF, UHF and microwave bands. The extensive measurements of atmosphere constituents, dynamics and radio meterological parameters during the Middle Atmosphere Program (MAP) have opened up further the possibilities of studying tropospheric radio wave propagation parameters, relevant to Earth/space link design. The three basic parameters of significance to radio propagation are thermal emission, absorption and group delay of the atmosphere, all of which are controlled largely by the water vapor content in the atmosphere, particular at microwave bands. As good emitters are also good absorbers, the atmospheric emission as well as the absorption attains a maximum at the frequency of 22.235 GHz, which is the peak of the water vapor line. The group delay is practically independent of frequency in the VHF, UHF and microwave bands. However, all three parameters exhibit a similar seasonal dependence originating presumably from the seasonal dependence of the water vapor content. Some of the interesting results obtained from analyses of radiosonde data over the Indian subcontinent collected by the India Meteorological Department is presented.

Sen, A. K.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Loss factors associated with spatial and temporal tracking errors in intersatellite PPM communication links

The performance of an optical PPM intersatellite link in the presence of spatial and temporal tracking errors is investigated. It is shown that for a given rms spatial tracking error, an optimal transmitter beamwidth exists which minimizes the probability of bit error. The power penalty associated with the spatial tracking error when the transmitter beamwidth is adjusted to achieve optimal performance is shown to be large (greater than 9 dB) when the rms pointing jitter becomes a significant fraction (greater than 30 percent) of the diffraction limited beamwidth. The power penalty due to temporal tracking error, on the other hand, is relatively small (less than 0.1 dB) when the tracking loop bandwidth is less than 0.1 percent of the slot frequency. By properly allocating losses to spatial and temporal tracking errors, it is seen that a 10 to the -9th error rate can be achieved for a realistic link design with an approximately 3 dB signal power margin.

Chen, C. C.↗
NASA NTRS1987

VSAT networks - An overview

This paper examines the technology and constraints of very small aperture terminals (VSAT) networks, a special type of wide-area thin-route satellite network that represents a recent innovation in the field of satellite communications. VSAT network architectures suitable for both data and voice communications are studied in this paper. Several issues concerning the frequency of operations, that is, C-band versus Ku-band are examined, and trade-offs between nonspread spectrum and spread spectrum techniques, as well as modulation and multiple access schemes, are considered in detail. Link design examples are given to illustrate the performance of various types of VSAT networks.

Maggenti, Mark↗
NASA NTRS1987

Optical technologies for space communication systems; Proceedings of the Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, Jan. 15, 16, 1987

The conference presents papers on optical communications in space, diode laser transmitters, lasercom link transmission characteristics, lasercom systems and technologies, high frequency optical components, and optically controlled phased array antennas. Particular attention is given to a deep space optical communications development program, 0.87-micron CSP diode lasers for spaceborne communications, performance measurements of a diode laser optical communications link with Q = 4 PPM signaling, the optical communications link design for the tracking and data acquisition system, and a cost-performance model for ground-based optical communications receiving telescopes. Other topics include optoelectronic componentry for the direct transmission of microwave signals over optical fiber, applications of monolithic detectors, and optical control considerations for phased array antennas.

Bhasin, Kul↗
NASA NTRS1992

Infrared readout electronics; Proceedings of the Meeting, Orlando, FL, Apr. 21, 22, 1992

The present volume on IR readout electronics discusses cryogenic readout using silicon devices, cryogenic readout using III-V and LTS devices, multiplexers for higher temperatures, and focal-plane signal processing electronics. Attention is given to the optimization of cryogenic CMOS processes for sub-10-K applications, cryogenic measurements of aerojet GaAs n-JFETs, inP-based heterostructure device technology for ultracold readout applications, and a three-terminal semiconductor-superconductor transimpedance amplifier. Topics addressed include unfulfilled needs in IR astronomy focal-plane readout electronics, IR readout integrated circuit technology for tactical missile systems, and radiation-hardened 10-bit A/D for FPA signal processing. Also discussed are the implementation of a noise reduction circuit for spaceflight IR spectrometers, a real-time processor for staring receivers, and a fiber-optic link design for INMOS transputers.

Fossum, Eric R.↗