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NASA NTRS2004

Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Terrestrial Planets

The session "Terrestrial Planets: included:Lunar Soils May Tell Us When the Geomagnetic Field First Appeared; Metal-Silicate Segregation in Deforming Dunitic Rocks: Applications to Core Formation in Europa and Ganymede; Diamond Formation in Core Segregation Experiments; The Effect of Pressure on Potassium Partitioning Between Metallic Liquid and Silicate Melt; Reduction of W, Mn, and Fe, During High-Temperature Vaporization; Micrometeoritic Neon in the Earth s Mantle ; and New Analyses of Diverse Hadean Zircon Inclusions from Jack Hills.

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NASA NTRS1979

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 10th, Houston, Tex., March 19-23, 1979, Proceedings. Volume 1 - Meteorites and lunar rocks

Papers are presented concerning studies of lunar basalts, highland rocks, and meteorites. Specific topics include the petrology and chemistry of basaltic fragments from Apollo 11 soil; the composition, magma types and petrogenesis of Apollo 17 high-Ti mare basalts; the chemistry and probable origin of Apollo 15 green glass; experimental studies of the partitioning of nickel and chromium into olivine from synthetic basaltic melts; the petrology and geochemistry of pristine highland rocks; the argon isotope age systematics of consortium breccia 73255; magnetite-sulfide-metal complexes in the Allende meteorite; the fractionation of refractory lithophile elements in chondritic meteorites; and the origin and relation to enstatite chondrites of aubrites.

Merrill, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 10th, Houston, Tex., March 19-23, 1979, Proceedings. Volume 2 - Early solar system and lunar regolith

Papers are presented concerning studies of the lunar regolith, the remote sensing of the surface compositions of the moon and planets, and the origin and evolution of the solar system. Specific topics include the stratigraphy and depositional history of the Apollo 17 deep drill core, the trace element and metallic iron abundances in fractions of the Apollo 15 deep drill core, the surface chemistry of lunar impact glasses, cosmic ray-produced noble gases in lunar samples, and the properties of microcraters and cosmic dust less than 1000 A in diameter. Attention is also given to the remote sensing of mare surface titanium concentrations, Viking Lander multispectral images, star and planetary system formation in collapsing, viscous, rotating clouds and the importance of planet size to basaltic volcanism.

Merrill, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1997

Lunar and Planetary Science XXVIII

The present conference discusses such topics as density crossovers in lunar picrites, the geology of the Cassini impact basin, Mars, nanobacteria in carbonates, the properties of shocked aerogels, a chemical model of Comet Halley, lunar mascons, the impact evolution of icy regoliths, the geology of the Venera 8 landing site, the photogeologic mapping of northern Venus, HST observations of Mars, observational constraints on the rotational dynamics of Mars, and primordial magnetic field measurements from the moon. Also discussed are models of the S2 fluorescence spectra of comets, Martian crater ejecta, the heights of Venusian steep-sided domes, cloud-climate interactions on Venus, the Humorum basin geology from Clementine data, an early Amazonian lake in the Gale crater of Mars, nebular fractionations and Mn-Cr systematics, the Rock Chipper planetary surface sample collection, Mariner 10 stereo images of Mercury, remote and local stresses and Calderas on Mars, the electrostatic charging of saltating particles, SO2 detected on Callisto, the Mars Explorer Planetary Data System, an assessment of explosive venting on Europa, the sequential faulting history of the Mars Valles Marineris, a search for Martian sediments, the composition and internal structure of Europa, long-term and 'diurnal' tidal stresses on Europa, and episodic greenhouse climates on Mars.

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NASA NTRS1986

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 17th, Houston, TX, Mar. 17-21, 1986, Proceedings. Part 1

Papers are presented on lunar geology, petrology, and surface evolution, and the analysis and origins of meteorites. Consideration is given to Martian geology, volcanology, and soil, and the characteristics of Venus and Ganymede. Also discussed are terrestrial and general planetary studies, in particular the early evolution of the earth, shock-loaded oligoclase and bytonite, and Muong Nong type tektites from the Moldavite and North American strewn fields.

Ryder, Graham↗
NASA NTRS1985

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 15th, Houston, TX, March 12-16, 1984, Proceedings. Part 2

Subjects of lunar petrology are discussed, taking into account Apollo 14 aluminous mare basalts and their possible relationship to KREEP, the petrology and geochemistry of clasts from consortium breccia, the depths of the mare basalt source region, the origin of olivine at Copernicus, a transient heating event in the history of a highlands troctolite from Apollo 12 soil, and the composition and evolution of the lunar crust in the Descartes highlands. Other topics explored are related to early earth and magmatic processes, differentiated meteorites, chondritic meteorites, other planets and remote sensing, and cratering. Attention is given to the gravity field of Venus at constant altitude and comparison with earth, a spectral analog of Martian soil, dark halo craters and the thickness of grooved terrain on Ganymede, the geomorphology of Rhea, a Monte Carlo model of lunar megaregolith development, the scaling of complex craters, crustal radiogenic heat production and the selective survival of ancient continental crust, and the formation of an impact-generated H2O atmosphere and its implications for the early thermal history of the earth.

Ryder, G.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 19th, Houston, TX, Mar. 14-18, 1988, Proceedings

Papers are presented on lunar highlands and lunar geology, igneous processes on the moon, and achondrites. Also considered are the geology, geochemistry, and atmosphere of Venus and Mars. Other topics include comets, cosmic dust, and primitive nebular materials. Experimental and theoretical studies on impact cratering are discussed, along with geological and geochemical studies of impact products.

Ryder, Graham↗
NASA NTRS1985

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 16th, Houston, TX, March 11-15, 1985, Proceedings. Part 1

Various papers on lunar studies, meteorites and cosmic dust, Mars, and tektites are presented. The topics discussed include: very high potassium basalt; complications in mare basalt petrogenesis; mare basalt genesis; modeling trace elements and isotopic ratios; Zr-Hf-Ta fractionation during lunar evolution; petrology of the Apollo 12 highland component; petrologic province maps of the lunar highlands derived from orbital geochemical data; petrology and chemistry of Apollo 12 regolith breccias; chemical variability and origin of agglutinitic glass; multistage exposure history of the 74261 soil constituents; and an experimental investigation of agglutinate melting mechanisms; shocked mixtures of sodium and potassium feldspars. Also addressed are: cooling history of some Antarctic ureilites; the Leoville accretionary breccia; ubiquitous brecciation after metamorphism in equilibrated ordinary chondrites; layer silicates in a chondritic porous interplanetary dust particle; estimates of rheological properties for flows on the Martian volcano Ascraeus Mons; the Martian dust storm of Sol 1742; and late Eocene North American microtektites and clinopyroxene-bearing spherules.

Ryder, G.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Martian Meteorites: Petrology

The session "Martian Meteorites: Petrology: included the following reports:Volatile Behavior in Lunar and Terrestrial Basalts During Shock: Implications for Martian Magmas; Problems with a Low-Pressure Tholeiitic Magmatic History for the Chassigny Dunite; Fast Cooling History of the Chassigny Martian Meteorite; Rehomogenized Interstitial and Inclusion Melts in Lherzolitic Shergottite ALH 77005: Petrologic Significance; Compositional Controls on the Formation of Kaersutite Amphibole in Shergottite Meteorites; Chemical Characteristics of an Olivine-Phyric Shergottite, Yamato 980459; Pb-Hf-Sr-Nd Isotopic Systematics and Age of Nakhlite NWA 998; Noble Gases in Two Samples of EETA 79001 (Lith. A); Experimental Constraints on the Iron Content of the Martian Mantle; and Mars as the Parent Body for the CI Carbonaceous Chondrites: New Data.

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NASA NTRS1987

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 17th, Houston, TX, Mar. 17-21, 1986, Proceedings. Part 2

The topics discussed in this volume include lunar endogenic rocks and processes; lunar regoliths and breccias; the terrestrial planets; shergottites; primitive materials, exposure, and atmospheres; and impacts and crater tectonics. Papers are presented on the petrology and geochemistry of alkali gabbronorites from lunar breccia 67975; the formation of Apollo 17 orange and black glass beads; mixing levels, the Apennine Front soil component, and compositional trends in the Apollo 15 soils; the meteorite component of Apollo 16 noritic impact melt breccias; and constraints on the lithospheric structure of Venus from mechanical models and tectonic surface features. Consideration is also given to a fractal interpretation of topography and geoid spectra on the earth, moon, Venus, and Mars; rare earth patterns in shergottite phosphates and residues; nuclide production by primary cosmic-ray protons; gas chromatographic instrumentation for the analysis of aerosols and gases in Titan's atmosphere; and finite-element models of non-Newtonian crater relaxation.

Ryder, Graham↗
NASA NTRS1967

Lunar and planetary sciences

Spectral reflectance of silicate rock powders, Jupiter atmosphere measurements, and visible and near-infrared spectrum data for analyzing lunar surface

SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE↗
NASA NTRS2004

Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Oxygen in the Solar System

The session "Oxygen in the Solar System" contained the following reports: Oxygen Isotopes in Lunar Metal Grains: A Natural Genesis Experiment; Determining Possible Building Blocks of the Earth and Mars; and Oxygen Fugacity of the Martian Mantle from Pigeonite/Melt Partitioning of Samarium.

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NASA NTRS1985

Horizons and Opportunities in Lunar Sample Science

The Moon is the cornerstone of planetary science. Lunar sample studies were fundamental in developing an understanding of the early evolution and continued development of planetary bodies, and have led to major revisions in understanding of processes for the accumulation of planetesimals and the formation of planets. Studies of lunar samples have increased an understanding of impact cratering, meteoroid and micrometeoroid fluxes, the interaction of planetary surfaces with radiations and particles, and even the history of the Sun. The lunar sample research program was especially productive, but by no means have all the important answers been determined; continued study of lunar samples will further illuminate the shadows of our knowledge about the solar system. Further, the treasures returned through the Apollo program provide information that is required for a return to the Moon, beginning with new exploration (Lunar Geoscience Observer (LGO)), followed by intensive study (new sample return missions), and eventually culminating in a lunar base and lunar resource utilization. The few years during and following Apollo were a hectic time for lunar science. Since then, considerable maturation of the science and distinct changes in the mode of operation have developed. Funding (and hence the number of investigators) has naturally declined. Studies have become far more problem-oriented than descriptive. Many sample investigators have shifted their sights away from planetary evolution, for which the Moon holds considerable information, toward processes and materials in the pre-planetary solar nebula, for which the Moon has no direct evidence. Nonetheless, unique scientific opportunities are still supplied by the samples returned from the Apollo and Luna missions and by lunar meteorites. These 382 kg of samples constitute a priceless resource that still has enormous scientific potential. Continued interaction between NASA and the scientific community, especially through the advice of groups such as the Lunar and Planetary Sample Team (LAPST), is essential in maintaining the current level of excellence of the program. LAPST has reviewed its role, the role of the sample research community, and the perceived role of future researchers over the next decade in ensuring the effective use of lunar sample studies in space exploration and exploitation. The review encompasses: (I) lunar sample science; (2) lunar materials applications; (3) lunar sample studies and their relation to future space missions; and (4) lunar sample curation. Plans in all four areas are summarized in this document.

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NASA NTRS1982

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 12th, Houston, TX, March 16-20, 1981, Proceedings. Section 1 - The moon. Section 2 - Planets, asteroids and satellites

Topics related to the mineralogy and petrology of lunar pristine rocks are considered, along with subjects concerning the mineralogy and geochemistry of lunar breccias. Other studies considered are connected with the lunar regolith, lunar surface geology, and aspects of lunar structure and evolution. Investigations regarding meteorites are reported, and a description is provided of explorations of Mars and Venus, giving attention to regional geology, surface properties, and the composition of Venus. Studies of the Galilean satellites are related to an Io thermal model with intermittent volcanism, the microstructure and particulate properties of the surfaces of Io and Ganymede, the structures on Europa, the sputter-generation of planetary coronae, the tectonic deformation of Galileo Regio and limits to the planetary expansion of Ganymede, and dark-ray craters on Ganymede. Experimental and theoretical studies concerning impact cratering are also considered.

Merrill, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 16th, Houston, TX, March 11-15, 1985, Proceedings. Part 2

The present conference presents papers on the criteria, data and implications of pristine lunar glasses, lunar granulities and their precursor anorthositic norites of the early lunar crust, characterization and evidence for early formation in the megaregolith of Apollo 16 regolith breccias, and anorthosite assimilation and the origin of the Mg/Fe-related bimodality of pristine moon rocks in support of the magmasphere hypothesis. Other topics include the mineralogy of Yamato 791073 with reference to crystal fractionation of the howardite parent body, the geology and geomorphology of the Venus surface as revealed by the radar images obtained by Veneras 15 and 16, tidal dissipation in a viscoelastic planet, and cosmogenic neutron-capture-produced nuclides in stony meteorites. Also considered are the first results of hydrous alteration of amorphous silicate smokes, elemental analysis of a comet nucleus by passive gamma ray spectrometry from a penetrator, and uranium series dating of Allan Hills ice.

Ryder, G.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Undergraduate Education and Research Programs, Facilities, and Information Access

The titles in this section include: 1) GRIDVIEW: Recent Improvements in Research and Education Software for Exploring Mars Topography; 2) Software and Hardware Upgrades for the University of North Dakota Asteroid and Comet Internet Telescope (ACIT); 3) Web-based Program for Calculating Effects of an Earth Impact; 4) On-Line Education, Web- and Virtual-Classes in an Urban University: A Preliminary Overview; 5) Modelling Planetary Material's Structures: From Quasicrystalline Microstructure to Crystallographic Materials by Use of Mathematica; 6) How We Used NASA Lunar Set in Planetary and Material Science Studies: Textural and Cooling Sequences in Sections of Lava Column from a Thin and a Thick Lava-Flow, from the Moon and Mars with Terrestrial Analogue and Chondrule Textural Comparisons; 7) Classroom Teaching of Space Technology and Simulations by the Husar Rover Model; 8) New Experiments (In Meteorology, Aerosols, Soil Moisture and Ice) on the New Hunveyor Educational Planetary Landers of Universities and Colleges in Hungary; 9) Teaching Planetary GIS by Constructing Its Model for the Test Terrain of the Hunveyor and Husar; 10) Undergraduate Students: An Untapped Resource for Planetary Researchers; 11) Analog Sites in Field Work of Petrology: Rock Assembly Delivered to a Plain by Floods on Earth and Mars; 12) RELAB (Reflectance Experiment Laboratory): A NASA Multiuser Spectroscopy Facility; 13) Full Text Searching and Customization in the NASA ADS Abstract Service.

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NASA NTRS2004

Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Future Missions to the Moon

This document contained the following topics: A Miniature Mass Spectrometer Module; SELENE Gamma Ray Spectrometer Using Ge Detector Cooled by Stirling Cryocooler; Lunar Elemental Composition and Investigations with D-CIXS X-Ray Mapping Spectrometer on SMART-1; X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer Onboard the SELENE Lunar Orbiter: Its Science and Instrument; Detectability of Degradation of Lunar Impact Craters by SELENE Terrain Camera; Study of the Apollo 16 Landing Site: As a Standard Site for the SELENE Multiband Imager; Selection of Targets for the SMART-1 Infrared Spectrometer (SIR); Development of a Telescopic Imaging Spectrometer for the Moon; The Lunar Seismic Network: Mission Update.

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