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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2018

CSlib, a library to couple codes via Client/Server messaging

The CSlib is a small, portable library which enables two (or more) independent simulation codes to be coupled, by exchanging messages with each other. Both codes link to the library when they are built, and can them communicate with each other as they run. The messages contain data or instructions that the two codes send back-and-forth to each other. The messaging can take place via files, sockets, or MPI. The latter is a standard distributed-memory message-passing library.

Plimpton, Steve↗

DOE OSTI2020

TaskWorks v1.0

TaskWorks is a portable, high-level, task engine designed for HPC workloads. Applications can create tasks and define dependencies between them with the task engine. Once the task is defined and submitted to TaskWorks, the TaskWorks engine will execute it according to the specified dependencies, without additional input from the application. TaskWorks has an integrated event manager monitors files, sockets, timers, and MPI operations, and these events can be used as task dependencies. TaskWorks is compatible with MPI and is designed to work efficiently with HPC applications that perform.

Koziol, Quincey↗

DOE OSTI2021

pyvnc_client

A python VNC client written from scratch using python's socket library

Weber, Brian↗

DOE OSTI2025

LLUDA (Low-cost Logging for Ubiquitous Decarbonization and Analysis) [SWR-24-131]

This repository features an Arduino-based GPS logger, called LLUDA, which uses the Adafruit Ultimate GPS FeatherWing with the Adafruit Feather M0 Adalogger, designed to capture and log GPS data in CSV format onto an SD card (embedded inside the Feather M0 Adalogger). The FeatherWing is powered through the vehicle's auxiliary power (from cigarette lighter) socket via a micro USB cable. The data it collects can be used to analyze vehicle operations and support vehicle modeling applications, helping to assess the potential for electrification.

Fakhimi, Setayesh [National Renewable Energy Labor↗

DOE OSTI2024

M-node Polarization Control (MPC) v1.0

The M-node Polarization Control program interfaces with electronic polarization controllers and polarimeters to adjust and compensate for the polarization drift of light within optical fiber. The code implements a gradient ascent control loop to calibrate to a desired state of polarization. A key advantage of this program is that it provides a TCP socket interface that allows external clients to drive the calibration routines.

Kissel, Ezra↗

DOE OSTI2025

Napari-MCP

Napari-MCP connects the open source napari software to modern LLMs. It includes a socket server plugin for napari as well as the MCP tools.

Liu, Shusen [Lawrence Livermore National Laborator↗

DOE OSTI2018

Web Extensible Display Manager

Jefferson Lab's Web Extensible Display Manager (WEDM) allows staff to access EDM control system screens from a web browser in remote offices and from mobile devices. Native browser technologies are leveraged to avoid installing and managing software on remote clients such as browser plugins, tunnel applications, or an EDM environment. Since standard network ports are used firewall exceptions are minimized. To avoid security concerns from remote users modifying a control system, WEDM exposes read-only access and basic web authentication can be used to further restrict access. Updates of monitored EPICS channels are delivered via a Web Socket using a web gateway. The software translates EDM description files (denoted with the edl suffix) to HTML with Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) following the EDM's edl file vector drawing rules to create faithful screen renderings. The WEDM server parses edl files and creates the HTML equivalent in real-time allowing existing screens to work without modification. Alternatively, the familiar drag and drop EDM screen creation tool can be used to create optimized screens sized specifically for smart phones and then rendered by WEDM.

Slominski, Ryan↗

DOE OSTI2023

Deployment of ADTimePix3 areaDetector Driver at Neutron and X-ray User Facilities

TimePix3 is a 65k hybrid pixel readout chip with simultaneous Time-of-Arrival (ToA) and Time-over-Threshold (ToT) recording in each pixel*. The chip operates without a trigger signal with a sparse readout where only pixels containing events are read out. The flexible architecture allows 40 MHits/s/cm² readout throughput, using simultaneous readout and acquisition by sharing readout logic with transport logic of superpixel matrix formed using 2x4 structure. The chip ToA records 1.5625 ns time resolution. The X-ray and charged particle events are counted directly. However, indirect neutron counts use 6Li fission in a scintillator matrix, such as ZnS(Ag). The fission space-charge region is limited to 5-9 um. A photon from scintillator material excites a photocathode electron, which is further multiplied in dual-stack MCP. The neutron count event is a cluster of electron events at the chip. We report on the EPICS areaDetector** ADTimePix3 driver that controls Serval*** using json commands. The driver directs data to storage and to a real-time processing pipeline and configures the chip. The time-stamped data are stored in raw .tpx3 file format and passed through a socket where the clustering software identifies individual neutron events. The conventional 2D images are available as images for each exposure frame, and a preview is useful for sample alignment. The areaDetector driver allows integration of time-enhanced capabilities of this detector into SNS beamlines controls and unprecedented time resolution.

Gofron, Kaz↗

DOE OSTI2017

Characteristics and Energy Use of Volume Servers in the United States

Servers’ field energy use remains poorly understood, given heterogeneous computing loads, configurable hardware and software, and operation over a wide range of management practices. This paper explores various characteristics of 1- and 2-socket volume servers that affect energy consumption, and quantifies the difference in power demand between higher-performing SPEC and ENERGY STAR servers and our best understanding of a typical server operating today. We first establish general characteristics of the U.S. installed base of volume servers from existing IDC data and the literature, before presenting information on server hardware configurations from data collection events at a major online retail website. We then compare cumulative distribution functions of server idle power across three separate datasets and explain the differences between them via examination of the hardware characteristics to which power draw is most sensitive. We find that idle server power demand is significantly higher than ENERGY STAR benchmarks and the industry-released energy use documented in SPEC, and that SPEC server configurations—and likely the associated power-scaling trends—are atypical of volume servers. Next, we examine recent trends in server power draw among high-performing servers across their full load range to consider how representative these trends are of all volume servers before inputting weighted average idle power load values into a recently published model of national server energy use. Finally, we present results from two surveys of IT managers (n=216) and IT vendors (n=178) that illustrate the prevalence of more-efficient equipment and operational practices in server rooms and closets; these findings highlight opportunities to improve the energy efficiency of the U.S. server stock.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2019

Conceptual Design for Replaceable Paddle for the Saltstone Production Facility (SPF) Mixer

The primary objective of this task was to provide a recommendation for a replaceable paddle that could be incorporated into the Saltstone Production Facility (SPF) process. The replaceable paddle concept was proposed given the time it took to replace the existing paddle designs was approximately a week of downtime. Two different types of replaceable paddles were considered, a split paddle and a replaceable tip paddle. The split paddle design was developed; however, a review of the drawings by maintenance personnel determined that changeout of the new design would take about the same time/effort as replacing the existing paddles. Five different replaceable tip designs were considered: side attachment, V neck, straight notch, angled notch, and dovetail. The recommended replaceable tip design was the angled notch, which includes a central hub with two angled notches, where the replaceable tips are secured to the hub using two ½” – 13 Unified National Coarse Threads (UNC) socket head cap screws (SHCS). Design drawing for both the flat and helical paddle blades are complete and are included in Appendix A. A structural calculation (M-CLC-Z-00137) was performed on this design which determined the design is structurally adequate for normal or extreme loads that would be encountered in the SPF READCOTM mixer. This calculation is included in Appendix C. Based on the calculation, mechanical failure will not limit the life of the tip or tip attachment. The quantity of erosion will be the primary driver dictating tip replacement schedules.

42 ENGINEERING↗

DOE OSTI2019

Parallel Computing for Massive Dynamic Contingency Analysis

The first step towards running PSLF in a high-performance computing (HPC) environment was porting PSLF to the Linux operating system from the current shipping target of MS Windows. The target machine was the LLNL Quartz system which is a Linux cluster configured for large parallel jobs. It has 2,688 batch nodes with Dual Socket Intel E5-2695 v4 (Broadwell) CPUs with 18 cores each, with a total of 344,064 GB of memory, each node having 128 GB of memory. Nodes are connected with an Intel Omni-Path 100 GB/s interconnect. Quartz runs the Tri-Laboratory Operating System Software (TOSS) that includes Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) distribution used on the LLNL HPC machines.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗

DOE OSTI2020

Ibis Networks/WattIQ (IN2 Final Report)

Ibis Networks is a full-stack cleantech company that provides plug-level energy monitoring and control to solve energy and asset management problems for the enterprise. During DATES – DATES, an NREL research team worked with the Ibis team to validate their product, the InteliSocket. The Ibis InteliSocket is a pass-through plug-load energy monitor and controller that is designed to reduce energy wasted by common 120 V plug-in devices in commercial office buildings, such as computer peripherals, conference room AV equipment, and break-room appliances. The system can shut off supply power to these end uses via remote control, manual switches, pre-set schedules, or automated control algorithms. The scope of this IN2 project was the development and refinement of “smart” learning behavior algorithms (LBAs), which could help installation processes and dramatically expand the sockets’ capabilities and energy-saving potential by suggesting suitable control schedules that are based on monitored use patterns. While Ibis has the analytical and software expertise for algorithm development, the lack of test data, both in a controlled laboratory setting and in real-life deployment scenarios, represented a key barrier toward commercialization of the product. Assistance through the IN2 program provided an opportunity to conduct the needed “trial and error” algorithm development. The project included baseline field-data collection, laboratory testing, and field validation components, all of which were conducted at the NREL campus between April 2017 and July 2019.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE OSTI2020

A Block-Based Triangle Counting Algorithm on Heterogeneous Environments

Triangle counting is a fundamental building block in graph algorithms. In this paper, we propose a block-based triangle counting algorithm to reduce data movement during both sequential and parallel execution. Our block-based formulation makes the algorithm naturally suitable for heterogeneous architectures. The problem of partitioning the adjacency matrix of a graph is well-studied. Our task decomposition goes one step further: it partitions the set of triangles in the graph. By streaming these small tasks to compute resources, we can solve problems that do not fit on a device. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by providing an implementation on a compute node with multiple sockets, cores and GPUs. The current state-of-the-art in triangle enumeration processes the Friendster graph in 2.1 seconds, not including data copy time between CPU and GPU. Using that metric, our approach is 20 percent faster. When copy times are included, our algorithm takes 3.2 seconds. This is 5.6 times faster than the fastest published CPU-only time.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2021

A Low Cost SIPM Evaluation and Control Prototyping System including accurate bias voltage generation, leakage current measurement, and temperature control using Peltier cooling

We describe an electronics system to operate SIPMs in the laboratory. The system is comprised of a single channel amplifier board (SIPM Amp) and a 4-channel control board to which up to 4 SIPM Amp boards can be connected. The control board supplies a common low voltage power for the amplifiers. All channels feature individually regulated bias and Peltier power voltages, along withPt10K RTD readout. A graphical user interface allows control of the bias voltages, amplifier voltage, Peltier voltages, and also provides for readback of leakage currents and other voltages. The GUI app has a feedback loop to measure the SIPM temperature (with the PT10K) and generate correction voltages to the Peltier to regulate the temperature. The temperatures, which can be achieved by Peltier cooling depend on the thermal design of the setup, the practical limit being about 50C below ambient. The SIPM Amp. board is a small (3x5cm) PCB that has a single SIPM readout channel. The SIPM scan be surface mounted on the pcb or connected to a 2-pin 0.100" socket. The area around the SIPM footprint is thermally isolated by perforations in the PCB. The RTD is located inside the thermal break. Onboard is BV and LV filtering. The 10X amplifier is based on MiniCircuits' GALI-S66+ integrated circuit, tweaked for a 6V power. The amplifier was selected for a combination of high bandwidth, low noise, and low power. An accoupled amplifier output is connected to an SMA connector. For best operation of this inverting amplifier the output signal should be in the range of 0 to -1V.The Amplifier board is connected to the Control board with a 10-conductor 0.025" pitch ribbon cable, carrying all the services. Peltier power for currents more than 1A should use a separate 2-contact connector.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2021

Protecting Websites from Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Attacks: A Novel Configuration using Pulse Secure © Pulse Connect Secure © and Virtual Web Application Firewall (vWAF)

Cross-site scripting (XSS), one of the most prevalent forms of client-side attacks, is when bad actors attempt to access sensitive information from the backend web server and other systems on the backend network. Some XSS attacks attempt to access client-side sensitive information, such as cookies. Web application firewalls (WAFs) are a first line of defense where common Uniform Resource Locator (URL) patterns are analyzed to detect and block known attacks. This paper describes a novel configuration using the Pulse Secure © Pulse Connect Secure © (PCS © ) Secure Socket Layer Virtual Private Network software and Virtual Web Application Firewall (vWAF) that protects a website from XSS attacks. This paper also presents novel aspects of the configuration that control the redirection of traffic through the vWAF and provide fine-grained behavioral control at the application level while decoupling the PCS and vWAF configurations. The intended audience for this paper comprises system and site administrators who are familiar with standard web server environments. These configuration details might prove useful during the design of a more secure infrastructure.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2022

Analyzing the logs of even the smallest Information Technology (IT) system can be a challenge considering they can generate millions of lines of log data in a very short time. Splunk® Enterprise is an industry leading tool that allows analysis of log data, which can enhance troubleshooting capabilities, improve system performance, and improve the security posture of an IT system. Ivanti Connect Secure© (ICS) is a market-leading platform powered by the Ivanti Secure Socket Layer Virtual Private Network (SSL VPN) appliance, providing an architecture for secure access to and protection of network resources. This paper describes an approach for using Splunk Enterprise search capabilities to perform advanced data analysis of ICS logs.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2026

Providing Thermal Stability for an Exascale Supercomputer: A Case Study of Frontier's Cooling System

High performance computing (HPC) systems frequently produce large dynamic power swings, even under typical operating conditions, that can present a significant challenge for their direct-liquid cooling systems. Further, the primary cooling loops that must remove this waste heat have response times measured in minutes while the underlying HPC component thermal stress is measured in seconds. The per-socket power demand for both compute processing units (CPUs) and graphic processing units ( GPUs) continues to increase with each successive generation while case temperatures are declining. New HPC systems are expected to exacerbate the challenge of these dynamic power swings and the impact on effective and timely cooling systems. This paper describes the cooling and controls system for Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Frontier Supercomputer, the first sustained exascale system, as a case study for this situation. The cooling and control system for Frontier demonstrates specific success, but with a number of trade-offs and decisions that suggest further design and operating optimizations for the community at large to consider.

42 ENGINEERING↗

DOE OSTI2025

Remote Instrumentation and Data Acquisition

This poster outlines the development and implementation of a remote data acquisition system for waveform analysis using a Rohde & Schwarz oscilloscope. The project involved capturing waveform data, and transferring it to a local machine for visualization and analysis. The core logic was developed in C++ with a focus on object oriented programming and the use of polymorphism so the main application can interact with any instrument without knowing its exact type, simplifying the overall logic and making it easier to add or swap out components without changing the rest of the codebase.. The system issues Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI) via a socket connection and parses the oscilloscope s ASCII waveform data. The C++ application was containerized using Docker for ease of portability, and reproducibility. Emphasis was placed on secure networking practices, error handling, and effective data capture. The report describes the technical steps taken, challenges encountered, and future work, providing insight into the practical integration of hardware interfacing with remote computational environments.

Parikh, Jaymil [Illinois U., Urbana]↗