Ammonia and the regulation of acidity in human eccrine sweat.
Regulation of acidity in human eccrine sweat, noting role of buffer systems and acidity when ammonia-ammonium system predominates
Johnson, R. E.↗
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Physiological factors associated with sweating during exercise.
Skin sweating during exercise as described by linear function of metabolic rate and ambient air temperature
Gagge, A. P.↗
Regulation of thermal sweating in EVA space suits
Sweat cooling experiments for thermoregulation of extravehicular space suits
Chato, J. C.↗
Regional and total body sweat composition of men fed controlled diets.
Psychological, physiological and biochemical responses to controlled diets, determining regional and total body sweat composition of men working in temperate environment
Calloway, D. H.↗
Antidiuretic hormone and human eccrine sweating.
Antidiuretic hormone /ADH/ and bradykinin effects on human thermal and cholinergic sweating after subdermal injection in forearm, abdomen and leg
Fasciolo, J. C.↗
Evaluation of metabolic losses in whole body sweat from measurements of small skin areas
Tables and graphs of metabolic losses in whole body sweat determined by small skin area measurements
Van Beaumont, W.↗
Importance of skin temperature in the regulation of sweating
Human sweating regulation at rest, evaluating thermal inputs effects on thermoregulatory center and internal hypothalamic and skin temperatures
Bullard, R. W.↗
A liquid cooled garment temperature controller based on sweat rate
An automatic controller for liquid cooled space suits is reported that utilizes human sweat rate as the primary input signal. The controller is so designed that the coolant inlet temperature is inversely proportional to the subject's latent heat loss as evidenced by evaporative water loss.
Chambers, A. B.↗
Control of skin blood flow, sweating, and heart rate - Role of skin vs. core temperature
A study was conducted to generate quantitative expressions for the influence of core temperature, skin temperature, and the rate of change of skin temperature on sweat rate, skin blood flow, and heart rate. A second goal of the study was to determine whether the use of esophageal temperature rather than the right atrial temperature as a measure of core temperature would lead to different conclusions about the control of measured effector variables.
Wyss, C. R.↗
Effect of local cooling on sweating rate and cold sensation
Subjects resting in a 39 C environment were stimulated in different skin regions with a water-cooled thermode. Results indicate that cooling different body regions produces generally equivalent decreases in sweating rate and increases in cold sensation, with the forehead showing a much greater sensitivity per unit area and temperature decrease than other areas. The high thermal sensitivity of the face may have evolved when it was the thinnest-furred area of the body; today's clothing habits have reestablished the importance of the face in the regulation of body temperature.
Crawshaw, L. I.↗
Use of dew-point detection for quantitative measurement of sweating rate
A method of measuring sweat rate (SR) based on detection of dew point (DP) is proposed which has advantages that may be attractive to other laboratories concerned with recording SR from selected areas of skin. It is similar to other methods in that dry gas is passed through a capsule which isolates several square centimeters of skin surface. The difference is in the means of determining how much gaseous water is carried off in the effluent moist gas. The DP detector used is free of the drawbacks of previous devices. DP is obtained through the fundamental technique of determining the temperature at which condensate forms on a mirror. Variations in DP are tracked rapidly, and accurately (+ or - 0.8 C nominal, sensitivity + or - 0.05 C) over a wide range ( -40 C to +50 C) without measurable hysteresis. The detector asembly is rugged and readily opened for cleaning and inspection.
Brengelmann, G. L.↗
Devices Would Detect Drugs In Sweat
Proposed devices worn on skin detect such substances as methamphetamine, morphine, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cocaine in wearers' sweat and transmits radio signals in response to computer queries. Called Remote Biochemical Assay Telemetering System (R-BATS), commonly referred to as "drug badge," attached to wearer by use of adhesive wristband. Used for noninvasive monitoring of levels of prescribed medications in hospital and home-care settings and to detect overdoses quickly.
Mintz, Fredrick W.↗
Multi-method assessment of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles and artificial sweat mixtures
Not Available
Peloquin, Derek M.↗
Body temperatures and sweating during thermal transients caused by exercise
Esophageal, rectal and quadriceps muscle temperatures, oxygen uptake, weight changes, skin conductance and skin evaporation during thermal transients caused by bicycle exercise
Gagge, A. P.↗
Skin blood flow and sweating changes following exercise training and heat acclimation
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Roberts, M. F.↗
A device for determining the intensity of partial sweating
An invention which can measure partial perspiration is disclosed. The partial perspiration is measured with a specially shaped device tightly fastened to the body but not touching the skin area being studied. A special grid is used to keep the moisture-absorbing agent from touching the skin.
Rayskiy, V. A.↗
Phase II Testing of Liquid Cooling Garments Using a Sweating Manikin, Controlled by a Human Physiological Model
An Advanced Automotive Manikin (ADAM) developed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is used to evaluate NASA's liquid cooling garments (LCGs) used in advanced space suits for extravehicular applications. The manikin has 120 separate heated/sweating zones and is controlled by a finite element physiological model of the human thermoregulatory system. Previous testing showed the thermal sensation and comfort followed the expected trends as the LCG inlet fluid temperature was changed. The Phase II test data demonstrates the repeatability of ADAM by retesting the baseline LCG. Skin and core temperature predictions using ADAM in an LCG/Arctic suit combination are compared to NASA physiological data to validate the manikin/model. Additional LCG configurations are assessed using the manikin and compared to the baseline LCG. Results can extend to other personal protective clothing, including HAZMAT suits, nuclear/biological/chemical protective suits, and fire protection suits.
Paul, Heather↗
Sweating the Small Stuff: A Sensor for Real-Time Neuro-Immune Axis Monitoring
Although manageable with certain precautions, circadian rhythm misalignment and sleep disturbances pose a potential threat to astronaut health. It is well-known that sleep is essential for proper immunological and neurological functioning, while impairments in these functions result in risks for spaceflight success. Neuropeptides and hormones are involved in regulating the circadian clock and are used as biomarkers for circadian alignment. However, in-flight monitoring of these biomarkers is limited due to the lack of real-time sensor systems and sample collection/processing confines. Therefore, real-time measurements of biomarkers in-flight are necessary for mission success and crew health. For this, a robust biomarker involved in the neuro-immune axis of circadian rhythm cycling, physiological stress responses, and inflammation would be well-received as a viable biomarker for assessing physiological health for crew during long-duration missions, as these are currently NASA Human Research Program defined risks. Therefore, this paper describes the development of a wearables we at biosensor to measure the biological clock neuropeptide, orexin/hypocretin. Additionally, potential for implementation of a user-friendly sensor of orexin/hypocretin to be telemetrically reported in real-time, is proposed. In brief, the proposed system has the possibility to be used as a biomarker monitor to support preventive and personalized medicine.
Amber M Paul↗