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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 541 records · Page 30

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NASA NTRS1972

Flexible wings for transportation.

The possible uses of flexible wings for transportation of passengers and cargo from point to point on earth are discussed along with emergency applications of flexible wings in connection with conventional aircraft. Topics considered include gliding and soaring as a sport, towing of flexible-wing gliders for cargo delivery, powered flight with small aircraft having folding flexible wings, aerial dropping of personnel and cargo on flexible wings instead of parachutes, landing and recovery of rocket payloads by means of flexible wings, and use of flexible wings with ejection seats and as an emergency landing system for conventional aircraft.

Rogallo, F. M.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Congruent and spurious motion in the learning and performance of a compensatory tracking task.

Examination of the importance of congruent and spurious yaw motion in compensatory tracking by eight airline pilots. The pilots, seated erect in the Ames man-carrying rotation device(MCRD), tracked with k/s+1 and k/s(s+1) vehicle dynamics in fixed- and moving-base simulation. Following the learning phase of the experiment, five levels of spurious angular acceleration were superimposed on the motion of the MCRD. Learning of the tracking task was found to be a function of both vehicle dynamics and mode of simulation. The presence of congruent motion information reduced learningtime in k/s(s+1) vehicle dynamics and resulted in lower tracking error in both vehicle dynamics. The spurious angular accelerations resulted in an increase in pilot tracking error; however, the relationship between the magnitude of the acceleration and its effect was highly complex. The data suggest that the minimal disturbance level for spurious angular accelerations during tracking is below 0.4 degec.

Guercio, J. G.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Major element composition of glasses in three Apollo 15 soils.

Approximately 180 glasses in each of three Apollo 15 soils have been analyzed for nine elements. Cluster analysis techniques allow the recognition of preferred glass compositions that are equated with parent rock compositions. Green glass rich in Fe and Mg, poor in Al and Ti may be derived from deep-seated pyroxenitic material now present at the Apennine Front. Fra Mauro basalt (KREEP) is most abundant in the LM soil and is tentatively identified as ray material from the Aristillus-Autolycus area. Highland basalt (anorthositic gabbro), believed to be derived from the lunar highlands, has the same composition as at other landing sites, but is less abundant. The Apennine Front is probably not true highland material but may contain a substantial amount of material with the composition of Fra Mauro basalt, but lacking the high-K content.

Reid, A. M.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Container seal for dusty environment

Method maintains cleanliness of joint-sealing surfaces under dust-laden conditions. This is accomplished by keeping seal and sealing surface covered with sliding plastic rings, which slide out of the way when a joint is seated.

Nevin, R. S., Sr.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Attitude propulsion technology for TOPS

The thermoelectric outer planet spacecraft (TOPS) attitude propulsion subsystem (APS) effort is discussed. It includes the tradeoff rationale that went into the selection of an anhydrous hydrazine baseline system, followed by a discussion of the 0.22 N thruster and its integration into a portable, self-contained propulsion module that was designed, developed, and man rated to support the TOPS single-axis attitude control tests. The results of a cold-start feasibility demonstration with a modified thruster are presented. A description of three types of 0.44 thrusters that were procured for in-house evaluation is included along with the results of the test program. This is followed by a description of the APS feed system components, their evaluations, and a discussion of an evaluation of elastomeric material for valve seat seals. A list of new technology items which will be of value for application to future systems of this type is included.

Moynihan, P. I.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Preliminary study of supersonic-transport configurations with low values of sonic boom

A parametric study of low-boom supersonic transport airplanes with conventional configurations was made to identify the features of specific configurations that promise relatively low sonic boom overpressures (less than 47.9 N/sq m). The range of values considered was gross weight from 28,300 to 170,000 kg; cruise Mach numbers of 2 to 3.2; and wing loadings of 1436, 2870, and 4309 N/sq m. Fuselage length was varied from 49.1 to 102.4 m and fuselage diameter from 2.75 to 3.98 m. A nominal Mach 2 configuration weighing 56,700 kg and having a wing loading of 2870 N/sq m was selected; and its gross geometric, aerodynamic, and structural features were estimated. At a cruise altitude of 18,300 m, lift-drag ratio was estimated to be 7.35, while sonic boom overpressure was 41.7 N/sq m. Takeoff thrust loading using four afterburning turbojet engines at maximum dry thrust was 0.32. Payload for a 4440-km range was 16.7 percent of gross weight, giving a direct operating cost of 0.82 cent per seat statute mile.

Dugan, J. F., Jr.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Preliminary study of an integral fan lift/cruise engine for a 100 passenger VTOL transport

A simplified mission analysis was performed to determine an optimum engine cycle for a 100-passenger VTOL transport with a range of 500 statute miles. The aircraft had a total of eight integral fan lift engines, three of which serve as cruise engines. Fan pressure ratio was varied from 1.2 to 1.3, overall pressure ratio from 7 to 13, and turbine inlet temperature from 2460 to 2860 R. Bypass ratio was selected to meet a 500-foot altitude flyover noise goal of 95 PNdB. Airplane gross weight and direct operating cost (DOC) were calculated. The lowest DOC of 1.82 cents per seat-mile was achieved with a fan pressure ratio of 1.3, overall pressure ratio of 12, and turbine inlet temperature of 2860 R.

Civinskas, K. C.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Self-acting and hydrodynamic shaft seals

Self-acting and hydrodynamic seals are described. The analytical procedures are outlined for obtaining a seal force balance and the operating film thickness. Particular attention is given to primary ring response (seal vibration) to rotating seat face runout. This response analysis revealed three different vibration modes. Proposed applications of self-acting seals in gas turbine engines and in rocket vehicle turbopumps are described. Also experimental data on self-acting face seals operating under simulated gas turbine conditions are given; these data show the feasibility of operating the seal at conditions of 345 newtons per square centimeter (500 psi) and 152 meters per second (500 ft/sec) sliding speed.

Ludwig, L. P.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Long life assurance study for manned spacecraft long life hardware. Volume 5: Long life assurance test and study recommendations

A study was conducted to establish the guidelines to be applied to the selection of equipment for manned spacecraft systems. Recommendations for expansion of the original study are submitted. The subjects considered are: (1) designing to severe dynamic requirements; (2) analysis of in-space failures due to life limitations; (3) accelerated testing of semiconductors; (4) fan life verification; (5) testing of solid tantalum capacitors; (6) testing of teflon valve seats; and (7) electromigration model verification.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1973

Restraint system for ergometer

A restraint system for securing a person to an ergometer while exercising under zero gravity conditions or while operating the ergometer in earth environment in a position other than the upright position. A padded, form-fitting body belt fits around the operator's waist and suspenders are attached to the body belt. The body belt is secured to the ergometer forwardly and rearwardly of the ergometer seat by adjustable belts joined to the body belt and releasably hooked to the ergometer frame.

Gause, R. L.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Development of mainshaft seals for advanced air breathing propulsion systems

A gas-film face seal design incorporating shrouded Rayleigh step lift pads at the primary sealing face was analyzed for performance over a wide range of gas turbine engine conditions. Acceptable leakage rates and operation without rubbing contact was predicted for engine conditions that included sealed pressures to 500 psi, sliding speeds to 600 ft/sec, and sealed gas temperatures to 1200 F. In the experimental evaluation, measured gas leakage rates were, in general, close to that predicted and sometimes lower. Satisfactory performance of the gas-film seal was demonstrated at the maximum seal seat axial runout expected in present positive contact face seal applications. Stable operation was shown when testing was performed with air-entrained dirt.

Dobek, L. J.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Basic Rate Making

The manner in which the rates charged by airlines are determined is explained. The topics include: (1) the determination of a fair rate of return, (2) the rate base, (3) allowable expenses, (4) load factors, and (5) seating configurations.

Vittek, J. F.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Door to door short haul.

Present drawbacks to short-haul air transportation are partly related to passenger and baggage processing at air terminals and ground access difficulties. It is pointed out that the widely used automobile is the most inefficient mode of transportation. Various new developments in the field of ground transportation are considered. It is suggested to develop an integrated transportation system which would replace the various competing modes of automobile, bus, rail, and air with a single system for moving people and goods from their origins to their destinations. The Intermodal Automated Transfer system discussed would treat the passenger, his baggage, and the seat in which he travels as a unit which would stay together throughout a trip, regardless of the carrier used.

Steven, F. R.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Xenoliths in maars and diatremes with inferences for the moon, Mars, and Venus.

Some field observations of the occurrence of deep-seated rock fragments in three terrestrial volcanic features that may have counterparts on the moon or Mars are reviewed, and results of numerical hydrodynamic calculations of the eruption of these types of volcanoes are presented. In particular, the transport of entrained fragmental debris is investigated for the surface (muzzle) velocity of fragments that it yields as a function of fragment size and various values of surface gravity. The implications of these observations and inferences for possible future space missions are examined.

Mcgetchin, T. R.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Self-acting and hydrodynamic shaft seals.

Ludwig, L. P.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Altered susceptibility to motion sickness as a function of subgravity level.

Large interindividual differences among 74 normal subjects in the change in susceptibility to motion sickness with effective lifting of the normal g-load by parabolic flight maneuvers were recorded with high test-retest reliability. Most subjects, who were required to make standardized head movements while seated in a chair rotating at a constant speed, demonstrated either a substantial increase or a decrease in susceptibility, in confirmation of a previous study, while a few appeared to be more or less unaffected by the 1 g to 0 g gravitational change. A similar test procedure conducted with eighteen of the subjects at lunar- and Martian-gravity levels revealed further interindividual differences in susceptibility as a function of g-level.

Miller, E. F., II↗

NASA NTRS1974

Valve degradation detector

To determine corrosive degradation of valve while it is in service, detect changes in surface roughness or presence of corrosive layers at junction of poppet and seat by measuring temperature gradients created across junction by small heat source.

Doshi, N. H.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Soft, thermally conductive material

Silicon rubber filled with high percentage of silver-plated copper microspheres provides soft, thermally conductive seat for thermal switch. Material also could be used in thin sheet form to prevent corrosion between dissimilar metals while maintaining good thermal communication. It could be used as thermal gasketing.

Anderson, A. J.↗