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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 541 records · Page 30
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1987

Self-consistent analysis of gain saturation in channeled-substrate-planar double-heterojunction lasers

A self-consistent model for semiconductor lasers (using the channeled-substrate-planar (CSP) double-heterojunction (DH) laser as an example) which does not assume constant optical power along the laser axis is developed. This approach allows for the analysis of high-power lasers with low facet reflectivities which produce nonuniform photon densities along the propagation direction. Analytical equations for the modal gain coefficient, the threshold current density, and the radiated power for a specific CSP laser structure are obtained.

Butler, Jerome K.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Lattice defects in beta-SiC grown epitaxially on silicon substrates

Defects generated on beta-SiC grown on a (001) silicon substrate by chemical vapor deposition are characterized and their mechanism of formation discussed. It is argued that nucleation plays a primary role in this heteroepitaxial system where the lattice mismatch is so large.

Pirouz, P.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Efficient AlGaAs channeled-substrate-planar distributed feedback laser

A wavelength-locked, AlGaAs channeled-substrate-planar distributed feedback laser has been made that operates to 40 mW pulsed. The Bragg grating is situated at the shoulders of the layers of AlGaAs and GaAs. Overall power efficiencies of 15 percent have been measured at 40 mW of output power.

Goldstein, B.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Making Submicron CoSi2 Structures On Silicon Substrates

Experimetnal fabrication process makes submicron-sized structures of single-crystal metallic CoSi2 on silicon substrates. Amorphous Co:Si(1:2) crystallized by electron beam becoming single-crystal CoSi2. Remaining amorphous Co:Si then preferentially etched away. When fully developed, process used to make fine wires or dots exhibiting quantum confinement of charge carriers.

Nieh, Simon K. W.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Planar Antennas On Thick Dielectric Substrates

Features include ease of fabrication and wide range of operating frequencies. Planar antennas on thick dielectric substrates built for use at millimeter wavelengths from 40 to 400 GHZ. Antennas of this type quasi-optical structures, for which expensive, precisely machined waveguides not required. Made easily by standard photolithography and integrated with planar mixers or detectors to form arrays.

Lee, K. A.↗
NASA NTRS1988

High-power 0.87-micron channel substrate planar lasers for spaceborne communications

High-power single-mode channeled-substrate planar AlGaAs diode lasers are being developed for reliable high-power operation for use as sources in spaceborne optical communication systems. The CSP laser structure has been optimized for operation at an emission wavelength of 870 nm. Such devices have exhibited output powers in excess of 80 mW CW at an operating temperature of 80 C.

Connolly, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Growth and characterization of GaAs layers on Si substrates by migration-enhanced molecular beam epitaxy

Migration-enhanced molecular beam epitaxial (MEMBE) growth and characterization of the GaAs layer on Si substrates (GaAs/Si) are reported. The MEMBE growth method is described, and material properties are compared with those of normal two-step MBE-grown or in situ annealed layers. Micrographs of cross-section view transmission electron microscopy and scanning surface electron microscopy of MEMBE-grown GaAs/Si showed dislocation densities of 10 to the 7th/sq cm. AlGaAs/GaAs double heterostructures have been successfully grown on MEMBE GaAs/Si by both metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and liquid phase epitaxy.

Kim, Jae-Hoon↗
NASA NTRS1990

Multi-Quantum-Well Spatial Light Modulators On Si Substrates

Proposed new class of two-dimensional spatial light modulators (SLM's) based on fabrication of multi-quantum-well (MQW) structures (e.g. of AlGaAs and InGaAs) on silicon substrates. Concept makes two-dimensional SLM arrays by taking advantage of mature technology of silicon charge-coupled devices (CCD's). Features include short response times, high resolution, and low switching energies.

Cutts, James A.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Digital image processing of nanometer-size metal particles on amorphous substrates

The task of differentiating very small metal aggregates supported on amorphous films from the phase contrast image features inherently stemming from the support is extremely difficult in the nanometer particle size range. Digital image processing was employed to overcome some of the ambiguities in evaluating such micrographs. It was demonstrated that such processing allowed positive particle detection and a limited degree of statistical size analysis even for micrographs where by bare eye examination the distribution between particles and erroneous substrate features would seem highly ambiguous. The smallest size class detected for Pd/C samples peaks at 0.8 nm. This size class was found in various samples prepared under different evaporation conditions and it is concluded that these particles consist of 'a magic number' of 13 atoms and have cubooctahedral or icosahedral crystal structure.

Soria, F.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Preventing Vapor Deposition Of The Backs Of Substrates

Technique prevents back-side deposition on substrates in impinging chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) system developed. Applied in selective deposition of silicon on silicon carbide. Inexpensive, does not require any machining to remove excess material, and easy to use. Used successfully in selective depostion of SiC and Si in CVD reactor.

Goela, Jitendra S.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Forming YBa2Cu3O7-x Superconductors On Copper Substrates

Experimental process forms layer of high-critical-temperature ceramic superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-x on surface of copper substrate. Offers possible solution to problem of finishing ceramic superconductors to required final sizes and shapes (difficult problem because these materials brittle and cannot be machined or bent). Further research necessary to evaluate superconducting qualities of surface layers and optimize process.

Mackenzie, J. Devin↗
NASA NTRS1991

High-Power AlGaAs Quantum-Well Lasers On Si Substrates

AlxGa1-xAs lasers of graded-index-of-refraction, separate-confinement-heterostructure, single-quantum-well type fabricated on silicon substrates by migration-enhanced molecular-beam epitaxy followed by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. They are intermediate products of continuing effort to develop low-threshold-current, high-efficiency lasers for parallel optical interconnections between large-scale optoelectronic integrated circuits.

Kim, Jae-Hoon↗
NASA NTRS1991

Tribological properties of Ag/Ti films on Al2O3 ceramic substrates

Ag solid lubricant films, with a thin Ti interlayer for enhanced adhesion, were sputter deposited on Al2O3 substrate disks to reduce friction and wear. The dual Ag/Ti films were tested at room temperature in a pin-on-disk tribometer sliding against bare, uncoated Al2O3 pins under a 4.9 N load at a sliding velocity of 1 m/s. The Ag/Ti films reduced the friction coefficient by 50 percent to about 0.41 compared to unlubricated baseline specimens. Pin wear was reduced by a factor of 140 and disk wear was reduced by a factor of 2.5 compared to the baseline. These films retain their good tribological properties including adhesion after heat treatments at 850 C and thus may be able to lubricate over a wide temperature range. This lubrication technique is applicable to space lubrication, advanced heat engines, and advanced transportation systems.

Dellacorte, Christopher↗
NASA NTRS1991

Effects of long term exposure on optical substrates and coatings (SOO50-1)

The experiment consisted of fused silica and ultra low expansion (ULE(tm)) glass samples which were either uncoated or had high reflectance silver, antireflectance, or solar rejection coatings. A set of duplicate control samples was manufactured and stored in a controlled environment for comparison purposes. Data on the analysis of the contaminate deposited on the samples, micrometeoroid impact, and the environmental effects on the substrate materials and coatings are presented. Some results of particular interest are that the contaminate composition varied between different types of samples, fractures were incurred in the glass at the micrometeoroid impact site, and no darkening of the ULE(tm) glass occurred due to the radiation exposure.

Vallimont, John↗
NASA NTRS1990

Solid-support substrates for plant growth at a lunar base

Zeoponics is only in its developmental stages at the Johnson Space Center and is defined as the cultivation of plants in zeolite substrates that contain several essential plant growth cations on their exchange sites, and have minor amounts of mineral phases and/or anion-exchange resins that supply essential plant growth anions. Zeolites are hydrated aluminosilicates of alkali and alkaline earth cations with the ability to exchange most of their constituent exchange cations as well as hydrate/dehydrate without change to their structural framework. Because zeolites have extremely high cation exchange capabilities, they are very attractive media for plant growth. It is possible to partially or fully saturate plant-essential cations on zeolites. Zeoponic systems will probably have their greatest applications at planetary bases (e.g., lunar bases). Lunar raw materials will have to be located that are suited for the synthesis of zeolites and other exchange resings. Lunar 'soil' simulants have been or are being prepared for zeolite/smectite synthesis and 'soil' dissolution studies.

Ming, D. W.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Theoretical modelling of AFM for bimetallic tip-substrate interactions

Recently, a new technique for calculating the defect energetics of alloys based on Equivalent Crystal Theory was developed. This new technique successfully predicts the bulk properties for binary alloys as well as segregation energies in the dilute limit. The authors apply this limit for the calculation of energy and force as a function of separation of an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and substrate. The study was done for different combinations of tip and sample materials. The validity of the universality discovered for the same metal interfaces is examined for the case of different metal interactions.

Bozzolo, Guillermo↗
NASA NTRS1990

Intrinsic bond strength of metal films on polymer substrates

A semiquantitative method for the measurement of the intrinsic bond strength between elastic substrates and elastic films that fail by brittle fracture is described. Measurements on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-Ni couple were used to verify the essential features of the analysis. It was found that the interfacial shear strength of Ni on PET doubled after ion etching.

Wheeler, Donald R.↗