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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 559 records · Page 31
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1985

Six micrometer period wide-gap permalloy magnetic bubble devices

This report describes the progress made toward the goal of developing a 1 Mbit bubble memory chip, based on a 6 micron period wide-gap permalloy technology. Characterization of the functions showed that the guard-rail, generator, swap, write-line, read-line and after several revisions, the replicator and the expander-detector performed acceptably in preliminary testing. Several investigations were initiated to solve the problem of low minor loop yield. A dual-spacing process, which allows the minor loop propagation elements to be more tightly coupled to the garnet film was developed. Several new propagate structures, intended to be more tolerant of small defects were also conceived.

Chirovsky, L. M. F.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Effect of convection on the microstructure of the MnBi/Bi eutectic

For the quasi-regular fibrous microstructure of MnBi formed at freezing rates of 9 mm/h and above, good agreement between experimental and theoretical results for fiber spacing, freezing rate, radial position, and ampoule rotation rate is found. For the irregular blade-like microstructure formed at lower freezing rates, convection is found to coarsen the microstructure somwhat more than predicted. The volume fraction of MnBi was also shown to depend on ampoule rotation and radial position, even in the absence of ampoule rotation. The two-fold finer microstructure observed in space-processed material could not be explained by the elimination of buoyancy-driven natural convection.

Eisa, Gaber Faheem↗
NASA NTRS1988

Convective effects on directional solidification of a simulated metal alloy

The first significant results of a ground-based experimental program which supports a low gravity space processing Spacelab experiment are reported. The phenomena which precipitate pluming and thus freckling in a metal alloy analog (ammonium chloride and water) are studied in detail and the sequential events leading to massive channeling and convection are optically documented. The pluming is shown to be other than a random burst of unstable fluid from a preferred channel but rather a natural occurrence resulting from a fundamental (Rayleigh-Benard) fluid dynamic instability at the density inversion interface. This extrapolates to critical size parameters appropriate to processing of actual metal alloys.

Mccay, T. D.↗
NASA NTRS1987

A physicist's view of biotechnology

Theories and techniques for small molecule crystal growth are reviewed, with emphasis on space processing possibilities, particularly for protein crystal growth. The general principles of nucleation, growth, and mass and heat transport are first discussed. Optical systems using schlieren, shadowgraph, and holographic techniques are considered, and are illustrated with the example of the NASA developed Fluids Experiment System flow aboard Spacelab 3.

Kroes, Roger L.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Crystal growth of device quality GaAs in space

The program on Crystal Growth of Device Quality GaAs in Space was initiated in 1977. The initial stage covering 1977 to 1984 was devoted strictly to ground-based research. By 1985 the program had evolved into its next logical stage aimed at space growth experiments; however, since the Challenger disaster, the program has been maintained as a ground-based program awaiting activation of experimentation in space. The overall prgram has produced some 80 original scientific publications on GaAs crystal growth, crystal characterization, and new approaches to space processing. Publication completed in the last three years are listed. Their key results are outlined and discussed in the twelve publications included as part of the report.

Gatos, Harry C.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Growth of GaAs crystals from the melt in a partially confined configuration

The experimental approach was directed along two main goals: (1) the implementation of an approach to melt growth in a partially confined configuration; and (2) the investigation of point defect interaction and electronic characteristics as related to thermal treatment following solidification and stoichiometry. Significant progress was made along both fronts. Crystal growth of GaAs in triangular ampuls was already carried out successfully and consistent with the model. In fact, pronounced surface tension phenomena which cannot be observed in ordinary confinement system were identified and should premit the assessment of Maragoni effects prior to space processing. Regarding thermal treatment, it was discovered that the rate of cooling from elevated temperatures is primarily responsible for a whole class of defect interactions affecting the electronic characteristics of GaAs and that stoichiometry plays a critical role in the quality of GaAs.

Gatos, Harry C.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Non-Contact Temperature Requirements (NCTM) for drop and bubble physics

Many of the materials research experiments to be conducted in the Space Processing program require a non-contaminating method of manipulating and controlling weightless molten materials. In these experiments, the melt is positioned and formed within a container without physically contacting the container's wall. An acoustic method, which was developed by Professor Taylor G. Wang before coming to Vanderbilt University from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, has demonstrated the capability of positioning and manipulating room temperature samples. This was accomplished in an earth-based laboratory with a zero-gravity environment of short duration. However, many important facets of high temperature containerless processing technology have not been established yet, nor can they be established from the room temperature studies, because the details of the interaction between an acoustic field an a molten sample are largely unknown. Drop dynamics, bubble dynamics, coalescence behavior of drops and bubbles, electromagnetic and acoustic levitation methods applied to molten metals, and thermal streaming are among the topics discussed.

Hmelo, Anthony B.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Small business innovation research. Abstracts of completed 1987 phase 1 projects

Non-proprietary summaries of Phase 1 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) projects supported by NASA in the 1987 program year are given. Work in the areas of aeronautical propulsion, aerodynamics, acoustics, aircraft systems, materials and structures, teleoperators and robotics, computer sciences, information systems, spacecraft systems, spacecraft power supplies, spacecraft propulsion, bioastronautics, satellite communication, and space processing are covered.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1989

Space plasma physics: I - Stationary processes

The physics of stationary processes in space plasmas is examined theoretically in an introduction intended for graduate students. The approach involves the extensive use of numerical simulations. Chapters are devoted to fundamental principles, small-amplitude waves, and the stationary solar plasma system; typical measurement data and simulation results are presented graphically.

Hasegawa, Akira↗
NASA NTRS1991

Proceedings of the Second Joint Technology Workshop on Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic, volume 2

Documented here are papers presented at the Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic Workshop sponsored by NASA and the University of Texas, Houston. Topics addressed included adaptive systems, learning algorithms, network architectures, vision, robotics, neurobiological connections, speech recognition and synthesis, fuzzy set theory and application, control and dynamics processing, space applications, fuzzy logic and neural network computers, approximate reasoning, and multiobject decision making.

Lea, Robert N.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Biomedical applications of NASA technology

Through the active transfer of technology, NASA Technology Utilization (TU) Program assists private companies, associations, and government agencies to make effective use of NASA's technological resources to improve U.S. economic competitiveness and to provide societal benefit. Aerospace technology from such areas as digital image processing, space medicine and biology, microelectronics, optics, and electro-optics, and ultrasonic imaging have found many secondary applications in medicine. Examples of technology spinoffs are briefly discussed to illustrate the benefits realized through adaptation of aerospace technology to solve health care problems. Successful implementation of new technologies increasingly requires the collaboration of industry, universities, and government and the TU Program serves as the liaison to establish such collaborations with NASA. NASA technology is an important resource to support the development of new medical products and techniques that will further advance the quality of health care available in the U.S. and worldwide.

Friedman, Donald S.↗
NASA NTRS1990

High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (HIRIS) - A major advance in imaging spectrometry

HIRIS, a facility instrument on the Earth Observing System Platform, will enable scientists to both identify and interpret changes, in the global environment, at a level of detail unavailable with previous instrumentation. This instrument will make localized measurements of biological, ecological, climatological, hydrological, and geological properties, and, with its finer wavelength sampling and full spectral coverage over the wavelength region of interest, will allow these properties to be identified and studied quantitatively from space. The data obtained will be downlinked from space, processed, catalogued, stored in active archives for easy access, and distributed to users.

Rockey, Donald E.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Kennedy Space Center telerobotic inspection and manipulation demonstration

The goal of this effort is to demonstrate telerobotic inspection and mainpulation of space shuttle payloads in the presence of substantial communications time delays between the operator station and the robotic work space. The processing of space shuttle payloads provides a variety of tasks which are typical of both space shuttle ground operations and Space Station in-flight operations, and communications time delays are inevitable in space operations where the operator station will be light-seconds away from the telerobot. With this demonstration we hope to show the efficacy and safety of robotic technology for ground and space operations. Our approach is to develop an experimental telerobotic system with the remote sensing, actuation and reflex portions located at KSC in Florida, while the operator control station will be located at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in California. The JPL portion of the system includes a high-level operator interface, intelligent spatial planning and machine vision, while the KSC portion includes the robot arm, end effectors, cameras and proximity sensors, and the necessary control and communications computers and software. The communications between JPL and KSC are over a limited-bandwidth network channel (19200 baud) with unpredictable and unrepeatable time delays. In FY89 we integrated a basic version of the robotic, communications, and computer hardware, and we developed the software to perform an operator-supervised inspection of a PAM-D satellite upper stage rocket motor and its shuttle support cradle. The demonstration, though severely limited by the bulk of the available computer arm, showed the potential of telerobotics for inspection tasks. In the future, we plan to develop additional capabilities which will allow manipulation tasks to be performed, including removal of dust covers and lens caps, insertion of connectors and batteries, and installation of payload objects.

Wilcox, Brian↗
NASA NTRS1999

Overview of the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG)

MSG is a third generation glovebox for Microgravity Science investigations: SpaceLab Glovebox (GBX); Middeck/MIR Gloveboxes (M/MGBX); and GBX and M/MGBX developed by Bradford Engineering (NL). Previous flights have demonstrated utility of glovebox facilities: Contained environment enables broader range of science experiments; Affords better control of video and photographic imaging (a prime data source); Provides better environmental control than cabin atmosphere; and Useful for contingency operations. MSG developed in response to demands for increased work volume, increased capabilities and additional resources. MSG is multi-user facility to support a wide range of small science and technology investigations: Fluid physics; Combustion science; Material science; Biotechnology (cell culturing and protein crystal growth); Space processing; Fundamental physics; and Technology demonstrations. Topics included in this viewgraph are: MSG capabilities; MSG hardware items; MSG, GSE, and OSE items; MSG development approach; and Science utilization.

Wright, Mary Etta↗
NASA NTRS2001

External Validity Considerations of a Biocybernetic System for Adaptive Automation

The report discusses the results of a research project aimed at generating a software application library termed the DAQ EEG Processor (or DEP) that collects and processes raw electroencephalographic data. The purpose of this system is to reduce raw EEG data in real time into information that is useful to researchers, such as power bands and indices of engagement. DEP improves upon existing EEG processing systems in that it can be seamlessly integrated into many software development environments to provide realtime data. DEP takes advantage of Microsoft Corporation's Component Object Model Technology (COM), which, in short, allows language independent, inter-application communication and transfer of data. According to the COM specification, COM objects can be written in different languages, run in different process spaces and on different platforms. As long as the objects adhere to the specification, they can communicate.

Scerbo, Mark W.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Kinetics of Nucleation and Crystal Growth in Glass Forming Melts in Microgravity

This flight definition project has the specific objective of investigating the kinetics of nucleation and crystal growth in high temperature inorganic oxide, glass forming melts in microgravity. It is related to one of our previous NASA projects that was concerned with glass formation for high temperature containerless melts in microgravity. The previous work culminated in two experiments which were conducted aboard the space shuttle in 1983 and 1985 and which consisted of melting (at 1500 C) and cooling levitated 6 to 8 mm diameter spherical samples in a Single Axis Acoustic Levitator (SAAL) furnace. Compared to other types of materials, there have been relatively few experiments, 6 to 8, conducted on inorganic glasses in space. These experiments have been concerned with mass transport (alkali diffusion), containerless melting, critical cooling rate for glass formation, chemical homogeneity, fiber pulling, and crystallization of glass forming melts. One of the most important and consistent findings in all of these experiments has been that the glasses prepared in microgravity are more resistant to crystallization (better glass former) and more chemically homogeneous than equivalent glasses made on Earth (1 g). The chemical composition of the melt appears relatively unimportant since the same general results have been reported for oxide, fluoride and chalcogenide melts. These results for space-processed glasses have important implications, since glasses with a higher resistance to crystallization or higher chemical homogeneity than those attainable on Earth can significantly advance applications in areas such as fiber optics communications, high power laser glasses, and other photonic devices where glasses are the key functional materials.

Day, Delbert E.↗
NASA NTRS2002

Technical Interchange Meeting Guidelines Breakout

Along with concept developers, the Systems Evaluation and Assessment (SEA) sub-element of VAMS will develop those scenarios and metrics required for testing the new concepts that reside within the System-Level Integrated Concepts (SLIC) sub-element in the VAMS project. These concepts will come from the NRA process, space act agreements, a university group, and other NASA researchers. The emphasis of those concepts is to increase capacity while at least maintaining the current safety level. The concept providers will initially develop their own scenarios and metrics for self-evaluation. In about a year, the SEA sub-element will become responsible for conducting initial evaluations of the concepts using a common scenario and metric set. This set may derive many components from the scenarios and metrics used by the concept providers. Ultimately, the common scenario\metric set will be used to help determine the most feasible and beneficial concepts. A set of 15 questions and issues, discussed below, pertaining to the scenario and metric set, and its use for assessing concepts, was submitted by the SEA sub-element for consideration during the breakout session. The questions were divided among the three breakout groups. Each breakout group deliberated on its set of questions and provided a report on its discussion.

Fong, Rob↗
NASA NTRS2005

Heat Rejection Concepts for Brayton Power Conversion Systems

This paper describes potential heat rejection design concepts for closed Brayton cycle (CBC) power conversion systems. Brayton conversion systems are currently under study by NASA for Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) applications. The Heat Rejection Subsystem (HRS) must dissipate waste heat generated by the power conversion system due to inefficiencies in the thermal-to-electric conversion process. Space Brayton conversion system designs tend to optimize at efficiencies of about 20 to 25 percent with radiator temperatures in the 400 to 600 K range. A notional HRS was developed for a 100 kWe-class Brayton power system that uses a pumped sodium-potassium (NaK) heat transport loop coupled to a water heat pipe radiator. The radiator panels employ a sandwich construction consisting of regularly-spaced circular heat pipes contained within two composite facesheets. Heat transfer from the NaK fluid to the heat pipes is accomplished by inserting the evaporator sections into the NaK duct channel. The paper evaluates various design parameters including heat pipe diameter, heat pipe spacing, and facesheet thickness. Parameters were varied to compare design options on the basis of NaK pump pressure rise and required power, heat pipe unit power and radial flux, radiator panel areal mass, and overall HRS mass.

Siamidis, John↗