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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS2024

2024 Software for NASA Science Mission Directorate Workshop Report

The 2024 Software for the NASA Science Mission Directorate Workshop was the first workshop of its kind in over 10 years. The numerous attendees and high level of interaction in this hybrid workshop portrayed the untapped interest and energy in the NASA SMD community about software. Over 100 takeaways were collected from the hosted discussions in four key areas - Communication, Communities, Funding and Clarity - as summarized in this report. One takeaway was representative of all four categories: “Software is not hardware; it is organic and needs a different model. You often don't know which components will be Open-Source reusable until later in the development cycle.” For the communication category, this takeaway motivates the reduction of silos by shifting towards a model that better supports community collaboration on common challenges and a more streamlined and improved software release process. For the communities category, the same statement points to forming communities of practice with varying scopes and a new approach to recognition and incentives for open-source software contributions. Concerning funding, this statement motivates a more sustained and flexible funding model that better supports the software foundation needed for NASA’s long-term success, including the collaboration and infrastructure a good foundation requires. The new approach to clarity motivated by this statement calls for significant changes to the software release process and related policies to streamline compliance, align those policies with the open-source science culture NASA is promoting and with each other, and simplify use of the cloud. It is time to recognize software as a foundational component of NASA with an organic nature not properly supported by current approaches. Different models are needed in all four areas to shift the NASA SMD software community and governance structures into a more efficient, open, and collaborative ecosystem - one that enables ground-breaking science and daring exploration into the coming decades

science↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

USM3D-ME Contributions to the 5th AIAA High Lift Prediction Workshop

This paper presents the results of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations conducted by the NASA flow solver, mixed-element USM3D (USM3D-ME), for the 5th AIAA High-Lift Prediction Workshop. As part of the Fixed-Grid RANS Technology Focus Group (TFG), these simulations were performed to assess the accuracy and efficiency of the USM3D-ME solutions in predicting high-lift flows. The High-Lift Common Research Model (CRM-HL) served as the primary geometry. Several CRM-HL configurations were used for three case studies: a verification study (Case 1), a configuration buildup study (Case 2), and a Reynolds-number variation study (Case 3). Overall, USM3D-ME RANS results aligned with the solutions selected by the Fixed-Grid RANS TFG and available wind tunnel data. Simulations for Case 1 and Configuration 2.1 achieved machine-zero residual convergence, with aerodynamic coefficients converging to steady-state values. However, Configurations 2.2-2.4 and Case 3 encountered iterative- and grid-convergence challenges, particularly at high angles of attack. Compared with the experimental data available for Configurations 2.2-2.4, close agreement was demonstrated at low angles of attack. However, for angles of attack approaching the maximum lift conditions, the predicted lift coefficient and pitching moment deviated from experimental values. The drag-coefficient predictions were in relatively good agreement, however, slight overpredictions were observed at the highest angle of attack corresponding to the maximum-lift condition. Although iterative convergence for Configurations 2.2-2.4 at high angles of attack remains a persistent challenge, averaging aerodynamic coefficients over the last 5000 iterations yielded satisfactory agreement with the available wind tunnel experimental data. During the workshop, the lack of iterative convergence was attributed to the vortex structures emanating from the slat brackets. To investigate this issue further, post-workshop simulations were conducted on Configuration 2.2. In one study, RANS simulations were performed on a simplified geometry with the slat brackets removed. The second study focused on performing unsteady RANS (URANS) simulations on the original Configuration 2.2 geometry. Preliminary results from both studies are presented and compared with wind tunnel data for Configuration 2.2. Consistent with the findings of other participants in the Fixed-Grid RANS TFG, this study emphasizes the necessity for further exploration and advancement in RANS technology for predicting high-lift flows.

Aerodynamics↗
DOE OSTI2024

EFT Workshop at Notre Dame

The LPC EFT workshop was held April 25-26, 2024 at the University of Notre Dame. The workshop was organized into five thematic sessions: "how far beyond linear" discusses issues of truncation and validity in interpretation of results with an eye towards practicality; "reconstruction-level results" visits the question of how best to design analyses directly targeting inference of EFT parameters; "logistics of combining likelihoods" addresses the challenges of bringing a diverse array of measurements into a cohesive whole; "unfolded results" tackles the question of designing fiducial measurements for later use in EFT interpretations, and the benefits and limitations of unfolding; and "building a sample library" addresses how best to generate simulation samples for use in data analysis. This document serves as a summary of presentations, subsequent discussions, and actionable items identified over the course of the workshop.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Geothermal Power Systems Analysis: Outcome of Industry Stakeholders Workshop: Preprint

Geothermal cost and performance evaluation implemented via technoeconomic assessment (TEA) modeling is critical for the Department of Energy (DOE) and other geothermal industry stakeholders in assessing the current state of geothermal technologies and to identify existing hurdles to commercially viable geothermal development. The Geothermal Electricity Technology Evaluation Model (GETEM) is a major TEA tool used in estimating the economic feasibility and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of conventional hydrothermal systems and enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). Since 2021, GETEM has been transitioning from an intricate spreadsheet model to a user-friendly tool within the System Advisor Model (SAM) developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Apart from enabling an expanded visibility of the geothermal model among other renewable resources, having GETEM in SAM has the advantage of simulation automation, better usability, updates tracking, active user inputs/feedback, and extended financial modeling. GETEM is used in developing supply curves for the Annual Technology Baseline (ATB). The ATB data are inputs to the Renewable Energy Potential (reV) and the Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) models. The geothermal module in NREL’s reV model assesses the geothermal energy potential in the conterminous United States by defining the geospatial intersection of geothermal resources with existing grid infrastructure within the constraint of land use characteristics. The ReEDS model is a capacity expansion model used for simulating the long-term build-out and operation of the US generation and transmission system based on current energy costs and policies. To ensure enhanced representation of current industry trends in our model transitions and development, we organized a two-day virtual workshop to elicit geothermal industry stakeholder input and recommendations on our current approaches and assumptions on technoeconomic, resource assessment, and deployment scenarios modeling of geothermal technologies. Participants included developers, operators, investors, regulatory agencies, system modelers, national laboratory researchers, consultants, and other stakeholders. In this workshop, we gained stakeholder insights on current geothermal plant performance (i.e., capacity factors), updated drilling costs and learning curves, and next generation technologies such as closed loop and superhot rock geothermal. Other outcomes from this workshop and its impact on future geothermal development feasibility, resource availability, and capacity expansion studies are compiled and discussed.

Annual Technology Baseline↗
DOE OSTI2025

Geothermal Power Systems Analysis: Outcome of Industry Stakeholders Workshop

Geothermal cost and performance evaluation implemented via techno-economic assessment (TEA) modeling is critical for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and other geothermal industry stakeholders in assessing the current state of geothermal technologies and to identify existing hurdles to commercially viable geothermal development. The Geothermal Electricity Technology Evaluation Model (GETEM) is a major TEA tool used in estimating the economic feasibility and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of conventional hydrothermal systems and enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). Since 2021, GETEM has been transitioning from an intricate spreadsheet model to a user-friendly tool within the System Advisor Model (SAM) developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Apart from enabling an expanded visibility of the geothermal model among other renewable resources, having GETEM in SAM has the advantage of simulation automation, better usability, updates tracking, active user inputs/feedback, and extended financial modeling. GETEM is used in developing supply curves for NREL's Annual Technology Baseline (ATB), which provides inputs to the Renewable Energy Potential (reV) and the Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) models. The geothermal module in NREL's reV model assesses the geothermal energy potential in the conterminous United States by defining the geospatial intersection of geothermal resources with existing grid infrastructure within the constraint of land use characteristics. The ReEDS model is a capacity expansion model used for simulating the long-term build-out and operation of the U.S. generation and transmission system based on current energy costs and policies. To ensure enhanced representation of current industry trends in our model transitions and development, we organized a two-day virtual workshop to elicit geothermal industry stakeholder input and recommendations on our current approaches and assumptions on techno-economic, resource assessment, and deployment scenarios modeling of geothermal technologies. Participants included developers, operators, investors, regulatory agencies, system modelers, national laboratory researchers, consultants, and other stakeholders. In this workshop, we gained stakeholder insights on current geothermal plant performance (i.e., capacity factors), updated drilling costs and learning curves, and next-generation technologies such as closed-loop and superhot rock geothermal. Other outcomes from this workshop and its impact on future geothermal development feasibility, resource availability, and capacity expansion studies are compiled and discussed.

annual technology baseline↗
DOE OSTI2025

Data Centers and Digital Assurance Workshop 2 – Prioritizing Digital Assurance Challenges, Session 2

The second session of the TADA (Technical Assistance for Digital Assurance) Data Centers Cohort, held on November 10, 2025, focused on prioritizing digital assurance challenges at the intersection of data centers and the electric grid. Building on the foundational concepts introduced in Workshop 1, this session deepened the application of the Threat–Vulnerability–Consequence (TVC) framework and emphasized the urgency of addressing cybersecurity, supply chain integrity, and operational reliability. Participants explored the growing convergence of digital and physical systems, the expanding attack surface due to global supply chain dependencies, and the implications of AI-driven load behavior. Real-world incidents—including the Volt Typhoon campaign and vulnerabilities in Solarman and Deye platforms—were analyzed to illustrate the risks of unpatched systems, insecure APIs, and inadequate vendor oversight. Key themes included architecture and interface weaknesses, governance gaps, and human and procedural shortcomings. The workshop also examined the evolving regulatory landscape, highlighting new federal mandates around Foreign Entity of Concern (FEOC) compliance and large-load reliability standards. Through interactive exercises, stakeholders ranked and mapped digital assurance risks from their respective perspectives—utilities, operators, and vendors—laying the groundwork for mitigation strategies and shared accountability models to be developed in Workshop 3. Session 2 of 3.

24 - POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2025

Data Centers and Digital Assurance Workshop 3 – Mitigations for Digital Assurance Risks

The third session of the TADA (Technical Assistance for Digital Assurance) Data Centers Cohort, held on November 18, 2025, focused on developing mitigation strategies for digital assurance risks identified in previous workshops. Hosted by Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and ScottMadden, the session emphasized the application of Cyber-Informed Engineering (CIE) to data center infrastructure, particularly at the utility–data center interface. Participants revisited and ranked key digital assurance risks, including architecture and interface weaknesses, governance gaps, and AI-enabled threats. The workshop introduced the 12 principles of CIE, advocating for consequence-focused design, engineered controls, and secure information architecture to proactively reduce cyber-physical vulnerabilities. These principles were applied to critical data center systems such as power distribution, UPS, cooling, SCADA/BMS, and grid-forming batteries. The session also addressed governance challenges at the interconnection boundary, highlighting the need for clear roles in telemetry sharing, firmware management, and trip settings. Special attention was given to emerging risks from behind-the-meter (BTM) generation, including reverse-power flow and the integration of small modular reactors (SMRs), which shift data centers from large loads to complex generation nodes. Participants explored how interconnection agreements can serve as enforceable instruments for digital assurance, and reviewed gaps in current standards such as NERC CIP, IEC 62443, and IEEE 1547. The workshop concluded with pathways to standardization, including model agreement language, state-level programs, and expanded NERC guidance. INL also presented tools and frameworks for secure procurement and supplier risk management, reinforcing the need for integrated engineering and policy solutions to secure the evolving data center–grid ecosystem. Session 3 of 3.

24 - POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2025

Microbiome data management in action workshop: Atlanta, GA, USA, June 12–13, 2024

Microbiome research is revolutionizing human and environmental health, but the value and reuse of microbiome data are significantly hampered by the limited development and adoption of data standards. While several ongoing efforts are aimed at improving microbiome data management, significant gaps still remain in terms of defining and promoting adoption of consensus standards for these datasets. The Strengthening the Organization and Reporting of Microbiome Studies (STORMS) guidelines for human microbiome research have been endorsed and successfully utilized by many research organizations, publishers, and funding agencies, and have been recognized as a consensus community standard. No equivalent effort has occurred for environmental, synthetic, and non-human host-associated microbiomes. To address this growing need within the microbiome research community, we convened the Microbiome Data Management in Action Workshop (June 12–13, 2024, in Atlanta, GA, USA), to bring together key decision makers in microbiome science including researchers, publishers, funders, and data repositories. The 50 attendees, representing the diverse and interdisciplinary nature of microbiome research, discussed recent progress and challenges, and brainstormed actionable recommendations and paths forward for coordinated environmental microbiome data management and the modifications necessary for the STORMS guidelines to be applied to environmental, non-human host, and synthetic microbiomes. The outcomes of this workshop will form the basis of a formalized data management roadmap to be implemented across the field. These best practices will drive scientific innovation now and in years to come as these data continue to be used not only in targeted reanalyses but in large-scale models and machine learning efforts.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 1-2409: Zonal Isolation Solution for Geothermal Wells - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on the Zonal Isolation Solution for Geothermal Wells project by PetroQuip Energy Services, presented by VP of operations Robert Coon. The project's objective was to design and develop a multi-stage system for zonally isolating fluids inside and outside of geothermal well casings. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 7, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 1-2410: Development of a Smart Completion and Stimulation Solution - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on the Development of a Smart Completion & Stimulation Solution project by Welltec in collaboration with the University of Oklahoma, presented by Yosafat Esquitin, a Senior Business Development Manager at Welltec. The project's objective was to develop an annular isolation system, a stimulation isolation system, and a multi-open-close flow system for geothermal environments. These systems were developed to enable effective zonal isolation and stimulation, implement downhole Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) in any location, and extend the productive life of the geothermal well. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 7, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development EGS reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 1-2551: Multi-Stage Fracturing System and Well Tractor to Enable Zonal Isolation During Stimulation and EGS Operations in Horizontal Wellbores - Workshop Presentation and Report

Included here are a presentation recording, slides, and report on the Multi-Stage Fracturing System and Well Tractor to Enable Zonal Isolation During Stimulation and EGS Operations in Horizontal Wellbores project by Colorado School of Mines, presented by Dr. William W. Fleckenstein. One goal of the project is to develop and demonstrate the use of low-cost, rapid multistage fracture stimulation technology with cemented casing frac sleeves that eliminates packers used in both conventional stimulation and injection flow control. The second goal is to develop and demonstrate the devices to effectively detect and control the flow of heat-carrier fluid solely from a long-reach injector through the network of induced and existing fractures and produced from an open-hole long-reach well to improve heat recovery. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 7, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 2-2404: Application of Advanced Techniques for Determination of Reservoir-Scale Stress State at Utah FORGE - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on the Application of Advanced Techniques for Determination of Reservoir-Scale Stress State at Utah FORGE project by the University of Oklahoma, presented by Dr. Ahmad Ghassemi, McCasland Chair Professor. The project's objective was to develop a methodology for the determination of reservoir-scale in-situ stress and use it to estimate the stress state at Utah FORGE. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 7, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 2-2439: A Multi-Component Approach to Characterizing In-Situ Stress: Laboratory, Modeling and Field Measurement - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on A Multi-Component Approach to Characterizing In-Situ Stress at the U.S DOE FORGE EGS Site: Laboratory, Modeling and Field Measurement project by Battelle [Columbus, OH], presented by Mark Kelley. The project's objective was to characterize stress in the Utah FORGE EGS reservoir using three methods: a laboratory rock-core stress estimation combined with a Machine Learning approach for estimation of in-situ stress from field sonic-log data, a field based in-situ measurement (min-frac) approach, and a modeling approach. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 7, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 2-2446: Closing the Loop Between In-situ Stress Complexity and EGS Fracture Complexity - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on the Closing the Loop Between In-situ Stress Complexity and EGS Fracture Complexity project by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, presented by Dr. Matteo Cusini. The project's objective was to employ a combination of high-fidelity simulations and true-triaxial block fracturing tests at high temperature to explore the intricate relationship between in-situ stress and hydraulic fracture patterns and better characterize the in-situ stress at Utah FORGE. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 7, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 3-2417: Fiber-Optic Geophysical Monitoring of Reservoir Evolution - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on the Fiber-Optic Geophysical Monitoring of Reservoir Evolution at the Utah FORGE Milford Site project by Rice University, presented by Prof. Jonathan Ajo-Franklin. The project's objective was to develop an end-to-end fiber-optic sensing approach for EGS to track the initial zone of fracture creation, zones of connected mechanically compliant fractures, and zones of flowing fractures linking the injection/production well pair. This approach would also be used to integrate data into an improved thermo-hydro-mechanical model (THM). This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 8, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 3-2418: Wellbore Fracture Imaging Using Inflow Detection Measurements - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on the Wellbore Fracture Imaging Using Inflow Detection Measurements project by Stanford University, presented by Dr. Roland N. Horne. The project's objective was to make measurements in the Utah FORGE wells, both before and after fracturing experiments, to map the fractures and estimate their flow magnitude. The approach utilizes a ion-specific electrode that will measure chloride in the well. The idea is that water flowing into the well from the fractures will have a different concentration of chloride than the surrounding water. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 8, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 3-2514: A Strain Sensing Array to Characterize Deformation at the FORGE Site - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on the Strain Sensing Array to Characterize Deformation at the FORGE Site project by Clemson University, presented by Lawrence Murdoch. The project's objective was to evaluate the feasibility of measuring and interpreting tensor strain data to improve the performance of EGS. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 8, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE 3-2535: Joint EM-Seismic-InSAR Imaging of Fracture Properties - Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on the Joint Electromagnetic/Seismic/InSAR Imaging of Spatial-Temporal Fracture Growth and Estimation of Physical Fracture Properties During EGS Resource Development project by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, presented by Dr. David Alumbaugh, Staff Scientist. The project's objective was to develop a set of technologies and workflow to image induced fracture generation and growth for an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS). The project anticipates imaging of the fracture generation and growth at FORGE using a combination of passive seismic, active source borehole EM, and INSAR technology. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on September 8, 2023. The workshop provided a valuable opportunity to explore the progress made in each of the 17 Research and Development projects funded under Solicitation 2020-1 which aim to enhance our understanding of the crucial factors influencing the development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs and resources.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗