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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 577 records · Page 32

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NASA NTRS1972

Evaluation of beryllium for space shuttle components

Application of beryllium to specific full-scale space shuttle structural components and assemblies was studied. Material evaluations were conducted to check the mechanical properties of as-received material to gain design information on characteristics needed for the material in the space shuttle environment, and to obtain data needed for evaluating component and panel tests. Four beryllium structural assemblies were analyzed and designed. Selected components of these assemblies, representing areas of critical loading or design/process uncertainty, were designed and tested, and two panel assemblies were fabricated. Trends in cost and weight factors were determined by progressive estimation at key points of preliminary design, final design, and fabrication to aid in a cost/weight evaluation of the use of beryllium.

Trapp, A. E.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Design, process development, manufacture, test and evaluation of boron-aluminum for space shuttle components

A multi phase boron-aluminum design and evaluation program for space shuttle components was conducted, culminating in the fabrication of a 1.22 m (48 inch) x 1.83 m (72 inch) boron-aluminum compression panel capable of distributing a point load of 1555 kN (350,000 lbs) into a uniform running load at a temperature of 589 K (600 F). This panel was of the skin-stringer construction with two intermediate frame supports; seven unidirectional stringers varied in thickness from 5 plies to 52 plies and the skin was contoured to thicknesses ranging from 10 plies to 62 plies. Both the stringers and the skin incorporated Ti-6Al-4V titanium interleaves to increase bearing and in-plane shear strength. The discrete program phases were materials evaluation, design studies, process technology development, fabrication and assembly, and test and evaluation.

Garrett, R. A.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Performance evaluation of a second-generation elastic loop mobility system

Tests were conducted to evaluate the mobility performance of a second-generation Elastic Loop Mobility System (ELMS II). Performance on level test lanes and slopes of lunar soil simulant (LSS) and obstacle-surmounting and crevasse-crossing capabilities were investigated. In addition, internal losses and contact pressure distributions were evaluated. To evaluate the soft-soil performance, two basic soil conditions were tested: loose (LSS1) and dense (LSS5). These conditions embrace the spectrum of soil strengths tested during recent studies for NASA related to the mobility performance of the LRV. Data indicated that for the tested range of the various performance parameters, performance was independent of unit load (contact pressure) and ELMS II drum angular velocity, but was influenced by soil strength and ELMS pitch mode. Power requirements were smaller at a given system output for dense soil than for loose soil. The total system output in terms of pull developed or slope-climbing capability was larger for the ELMS II operating in restrained-pitch mode than in free-pitch mode.

Melzer, K. J.↗

NASA NTRS1972

Special nondestructive techniques for evaluating space shuttle surface insulation

NDT techniques have been developed for performing in-process evaluations for material variability and for process control. Several of these techniques show considerable promise for evaluating the reusable surface insulation during the operational phase of the shuttle. Considered are radiographic dosimetry, sonic velocity and modulus sounding, infrared coating evaluation, and beta backscatter monitoring of coating thickness.

Stinebring, R. C.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Evaluation of a metal shear web selectively reinforced with filamentary composites for space shuttle application

A final program summary is reported for test and evaluation activities that were conducted for space shuttle web selection. Large scale advanced composite shear web components were tested and analyzed to evaluate application of advanced composite shear web construction to a space shuttle orbiter thrust structure. The shear web design concept consisted of a titanium-clad + or - 45 deg boron/epoxy web laminate stiffened with vertical boron-epoxy reinforced aluminum stiffeners and logitudinal aluminum stiffening. The design concept was evaluated to be efficient and practical for the application that was studied. Because of the effects of buckling deflections, a requirement is identified for shear buckling resistant design to maximize the efficiency of highly-loaded advanced composite shear webs.

Laakso, J. H.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Remote sensing for evaluating post-disaster damage conditions: The Pierre, South Dakota tornado, 23 July 1973

Remote sensing data obtained from aerial reconnaissance of tornado damage to the city of Pierre, South Dakota on July 23, 1973 was evaluated to determine its value as a decision making and management tool in post-disaster restoration activities. The imaging techniques used are briefly discussed, and both aerial and closeup color photographs are provided which were used in the evaluation. The immediate advantages of the data are identified as a 'quick-look' assessment, and a list is given which outlines the additional advantages for which positive rescue and cleanup action may be initiated. Hail and flood damage evaluation, and remote sensing of crop damage due to insect of disease infestation is also briefly described.

Rusche, A. E.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Evaluation of V/STOL research aircraft design

The evaluation and evolution of direct jet lift V/STOL transport aircraft designs are discussed. The V/STOL transport design selected as an example is a lift-fan design that was evaluated as a candidate configuration for a possible future V/STOL research transport. The paper includes discussion of potential advanced V/STOL landing approach profiles as key design requirements for V/STOL aircraft, description and experimental results of an integrated propulsion/control system designed to achieve desired advanced V/STOL near-terminal operating capabilities, and results from evaluating V/STOL designs on piloted moving-base simulators. This paper discusses use of the piloted moving-base simulator as a design tool for evolving satisfactory V/STOL stabilization and propulsion/control systems. Included are problems and solutions identified during simulation of simultaneous decelerating/descent steep curved landing approaches under instrument flight conditions. Simulation results are also compared to flight results obtained with the DO-31 V/STOL research transport.

Deckert, W. H.↗

NASA NTRS1974

An evaluation of alloys and coatings for use in automobile thermal reactors

Several candidate alloys and coatings were evaluated for use in automobile thermal reactors. Full-size reactors of the candidate materials were analyzed in cyclic engine dynamometer tests with peak temperature of 1900 F (1040 C). Two developmental ferritic iron alloys GE1541 and NASA-18T - exhibited the best overall performance lasting at least 60% of the life of the test engine. Four of the alloys evaluated warrant consideration for reactor use. They include GE1541, Armco 18 SR, NASA-18T, and Inconel 601. None of the commercial coating substrate combinations evaluated warrant consideration for reactor use.-

Blankenship, C. P.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Nondestructive evaluation of regeneratively cooled thrust chambers for rocket engines

Review of a development program for nondestructive tests applicable to hardware with electroformed nickel bonds. The four steps of the program include the selection of some most promising nondestructive evaluation methods out of existing methods, the fabrication of test panels for simulation of cooled thrust chamber walls with bonds of various integrities, the evaluation of the test panels by personnel without previous knowledge of the planned bond integrity, and the verification of actual bond strength in the test panels by destructive tests. Ultrasonics, acoustic emission and holography are evaluated in nondestructive testing applications.

Stauffis, C. R.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Evaluation of spoilers for light aircraft flight path control

A fixed-base flight simulator was used to evaluate wing spoilers for longitudinal flight path control on a modified Cessna 177B aircraft. More than 100 simulated ILS approaches were flown by evaluation pilots using both conventional methods and spoiler controls. Three different spoiler control methods were evaluated. Spoilers provided precise glide path control with constant airspeed and attitude. Control is most effective when the steady-state trimmed aircraft lift coefficient remains independent of spoiler position.

Kohlman, D. L.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Synthesis and evaluation of C-ether formulations for use as high temperature lubricants and hydraulic fluids

The formulation and evaluation of C-ether fluids for use in the hydraulic and lubrication systems of the space shuttle and advanced air breathing engines were studied to lower the pour point of a reference C-ether from -29 C to -40 C without changing its evaporation loss. Use of disiloxanes mixed with C-ethers gave a -40 C pour point fluid with little change in the desired evaporation loss or in oxidative stability. A second -40 C pour point fluid containing only C-ethers was also developed. A screening program tested lubrication additives for C-ethers and the new fluids. Six additive packages were chosen for evaluation in 316 C bearing tests, two for evaluation in 260 C pump tests. The goal of the bearing test was a 100 hour run. The rig was a specially designed 80-mm axially loaded ball bearing. The C-ether base fluid ran only one hour at 316 C before cage wear failure occurred. The best additive blends ran 47, 94 and 100 hours. The 96 hour test gave excessive deposits. The 100 hour test had no wear failures; an unexplained loss of cage silver occurred from areas of direct fluid impingement on the cage.

Clark, F. S.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Project space shuttle. Data bus evaluation laboratory test report

A Data Bus Evaluation Laboratory (DBEL) facility has been established to test and evaluate space shuttle data bus hardware. Performance testing conducted on an in-house developed multiplex interface adapter for the purpose of evaluating DBEL test procedures, test hardware, and test software in a realistic test environment is described. Results are presented.

Dennis, G. R.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Pyrolysis system evaluation study

An evaluation of two different pyrolysis concepts which recover energy from solid waste was conducted in order to determine the merits of each concept for integration into a Integrated Utility System (IUS). The two concepts evaluated were a Lead Bath Furnace Pyrolysis System and a Slagging Vertical Shaft, Partial Air Oxidation Pyrolysis System. Both concepts will produce a fuel gas from the IUS waste and sewage sludge which can be used to offset primary fuel consumption in addition to the sanitary disposal of the waste. The study evaluated the thermal integration of each concept as well as the economic impact on the IUS resulting from integrating each pyrolysis concepts. For reference, the pyrolysis concepts were also compared to incineration which was considered the baseline IUS solid waste disposal system.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1975

Operational flight evaluation of the two-segment approach for use in airline service

United Airlines has developed and evaluated a two-segment noise abatement approach procedure for use on Boeing 727 aircraft in air carrier service. In a flight simulator, the two-segment approach was studied in detail and a profile and procedures were developed. Equipment adaptable to contemporary avionics and navigation systems was designed and manufactured by Collins Radio Company and was installed and evaluated in B-727-200 aircraft. The equipment, profile, and procedures were evaluated out of revenue service by pilots representing government agencies, airlines, airframe manufacturers, and professional pilot associations. A system was then placed into scheduled airline service for six months during which 555 two-segment approaches were flown at three airports by 55 airline pilots. The system was determined to be safe, easy to fly, and compatible with the airline operational environment.

Schwind, G. K.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Skylab program: Earth resources experiment package. Sensor performance evaluation. Volume 6: (S194) L-band radiometer

Analysis of the Skylab S194 L-band radiometer experiment data provided significant results pertaining to the actual realized performance during flight. Analysis of preflight test data provided a baseline from which to compare the experiment flight performance, although many radiometric data performance capabilities could only be demonstrated in the flight environment. The final results establish the overall hardware performance of the S194 system from which prospective users of the flight data can refer for various scientific applications. Instrument performance is presented in the areas of housekeeping and internal calibration parameters, antenna system integrity, dynamic range, linearity, precision, resolution, and absolute accuracy. Supplementary evaluations were included for an error analysis of system calibration stability. Results of the evaluation show that the instrument performance was generally as expected. Conclusions are drawn from the final evaluation results, and recommendations for improving the effectiveness of a future program are offered.

Kenney, G. P.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Utilization of EREP data in geological evaluation, regional planning, forest management, and water management in North Carolina

The author has identified the following significant results. Skylab imagery was evaluated, compiling vegetational and land use information in conjunction with a potential state park site fin along the Eno River in Durham County. Preliminary evaluation indicates that accuracy of identification was at the 90% level. Attempts at distinguishing between rock types in the Piedmont have proved generally unsuccessful, and recognition of linear features seems the best geologic use which the imagery can be put. The study concentrated on the High Rock Lake area of Davidson County. A study evaluating Skylab photographs for land use mapping in urban and rural areas of Piedmont North Carolina shows that S190A and S190B as well as U-2 imagery have almost the same accuracy when the interpretations are assessed with the square grid sampling method, even though the S190B imagery basically has a greater resolution.

Welby, C. W.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Preliminary evaluation of the contaminant induced environment for the space shuttle orbiter

A preliminary evaluation of the on-orbit induced environment from identified major sources of contamination for the STS shuttle orbiter is presented. A contamination computer mathematical model is discussed that was used to develop the description and predictions of the induced environment along with the extent and physical makeup of the molecular induced environment from these sources. The predicted induced molecular environment from each source is evaluated against current Space Shuttle Program on-orbit contamination control criteria. The flash evaporator vents and the VCS 25-lb thrust engines are shown to significantly exceed applicable contamination control criteria and were the subject of extensive evaluation. Preliminary conclusions concerning the contaminant potential of these sources along with recommendations for various measures of contamination control regarding the shuttle orbiter design and operational activities are made.

Bareiss, L. E.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Contamination control in hybrid microelectronic modules. Part 2: Selection and evaluation of coating materials

The selection, test, and evaluation of organic coating materials for contamination control in hybrid circuits is reported. The coatings were evaluated to determine their suitability for use as a conformal coating over the hybrid microcircuit (including chips and wire bonds) inside a hermetically sealed package. Evaluations included ease of coating application and repair and effect on thin film and thick film resistors, beam leads, wire bonds, transistor chips, and capacitor chips. The coatings were also tested for such properties as insulation resistance, voltage breakdown strength, and capability of immobilizing loose particles inside the packages. The selected coatings were found to be electrically, mechanically, and chemically compatible with all components and materials normally used in hybrid microcircuits.

Himmel, R. P.↗