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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 631 records · Page 35
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1971

A statistical mechanical calculation of the thermodynamic properties of interstitial solid solutions involving second nearest neighbor interactions.

A previous calculation of the thermodynamic properties of interstitial solid solutions based on the technique of Kirkwood expansions has been extended to include the effects of second nearest neighbor solute atom mutual interactions. The error inherent in the first order (or quasi-chemical) counting of the degeneracy of the solution crystal is avoided. It is shown that, at high temperatures, even strong second nearest neighbor solute mutual interactions have a negligible effect on the entropy of the solution and a small, temperature-dependent effect on the solute partial enthalpy.

Alex, K.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Thermodynamics of the Heisenberg ferromagnet in an applied magnetic field.

The anisotropic-Heisenberg-ferromagnet formalism developed previously is examined to include an applied magnetic field for the isotropic case in the random-phase approximation. Thermodynamic quantities such as magnetization, susceptibility, and the derivative of magnetization with respect to temperature are studied near the Curie point.

Flax, L.↗
NASA NTRS1972

A study of the liquid-vapor phase change of mercury based on irreversible thermodynamics.

The object of this work is to determine the transport coefficients which appear in linear irreversible-thermodynamic rate equations of a phase change. An experiment which involves the steady-state evaporation of mercury was performed to measure the principal transport coefficient appearing in the mass-rate equation and the coupling transport coefficient appearing in both the mass-rate equation and the energy-rate equation. The principal transport coefficient sigma, usually termed the 'condensation' or 'evaporation' coefficient, is found to be approximately 0.9, which is higher than that measured previously in condensation-of-mercury experiments. The experimental value of the coupling coefficient K does not agree with the value predicted from Schrage's kinetic analysis of the phase change. A modified kinetic analysis in which the Onsager reciprocal law and the conservation laws are invoked is presented which removes this discrepancy but which shows that the use of Schrage's equation for predicting mass rates of phase change is a good approximation.

Adt, R. R., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Computer programs for thermodynamic and transport properties of hydrogen (tabcode-II)

The thermodynamic and transport properties of para and equilibrium hydrogen have been programmed into a series of computer routines. Input variables are the pair's pressure-temperature and pressure-enthalpy. The programs cover the range from 1 to 5000 psia with temperatures from the triple point to 6000 R or enthalpies from minus 130 BTU/lb to 25,000 BTU/lb. Output variables are enthalpy or temperature, density, entropy, thermal conductivity, viscosity, at constant volume, the heat capacity ratio, and a heat transfer parameter. Property values on the liquid and vapor boundaries are conveniently obtained through two small routines. The programs achieve high speed by using linear interpolation in a grid of precomputed points which define the surface of the property returned.

Roder, H. M.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Tables of critical-flow functions and thermodynamic properties for methane and computational procedures for both methane and natural gas

Procedures for calculating the mass flow rate of methane and natural gas through nozzles are given, along with the FORTRAN 4 subroutines used to make these calculations. Three sets of independent variables are permitted in these routines. In addition to the plenum pressure and temperature, the third independent variable is either nozzle exit pressure, Mach number, or temperature. A critical-flow factor that becomes a convenient means for determining the mass flow rate of methane through critical-flow nozzles is tabulated. Other tables are included for nozzle throat velocity and critical pressure, density, and temperature ratios, along with some thermodynamic properties of methane, including compressibility factor, enthalpy, entropy, specific heat, specific-heat ratio, and speed of sound. These tabulations cover a temperature range from 120 to 600 K and pressures to 3 million N/sq m.

Johnson, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Study of Thermodynamic Vent and Screen Baffle Integration for Orbital Storage and Transfer of Liquid Hydrogen

A comprehensive analytical and experimental program was performed to determine the feasibility of integrating an internal thermodynamic vent system and a full wall-screen liner for the orbital storage and transfer of liquid hydrogen (LH2). Ten screens were selected from a comprehensive screen survey. The experimental study determined the screen bubble point, flow-through pressure loss, and pressure loss along rectangular channels lined with screen on one side, for the 10 screens using LH2 saturated at 34.5 N/cm2 (50 psia). The correlated experimental data were used in an analysis to determine the optimum system characteristics in terms of minimum weight for 6 tanks ranging from 141.6 m3 (5,000 ft3) to 1.416 m3 (50 ft3) for orbital storage times of 30 and 300 days.

Cady, E. C.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Thermodynamic properties of gases dissolved in electrolyte solutions.

A method based on perturbation theory for mixtures is applied to the prediction of thermodynamic properties of gases dissolved in electrolyte solutions. The theory is compared with experimental data for the dependence of the solute activity coefficient on concentration, temperature, and pressure; calculations are included for partial molal enthalpy and volume of the dissolved gas. The theory is also compared with previous theories for salt effects and found to be superior. The calculations are best for salting-out systems. The qualitative feature of salting-in is predicted by the theory, but quantitative predictions are not satisfactory for such systems; this is attributed to approximations made in evaluating the perturbation terms.

Tiepel, E. W.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Thermodynamics and kinetics of pack aluminide coating formation on IN-100

An investigation of the effects of pack variables on the formation of aluminide coatings on nickel-base superalloy IN-100 was conducted. Also, the thermodynamics and kinetics of coating formation were analyzed. Observed coating weights were in good agreement with predictions made from the analysis. Pack temperature rather than pack aluminum activity controls the principal coating phase formed. In 1 weight percent aluminum packs, aluminum weight gains were related to the halide pack activator. Solid-state nickel diffusion controlled coating formation from sodium fluoride and chloride and ammonium fluoride activated packs. In other ammonium and sodium halide activated 1 weight percent aluminum packs, gaseous diffusion controlled coating formation.

Levine, S. R.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Thermodynamics of hydrogen-helium mixtures at high pressure and finite temperature

A technique is reviewed for calculating thermodynamic quantities for mixtures of light elements at high pressure, in the metallic state. Ensemble averages are calculated with Monte Carlo techniques and periodic boundary conditions. Interparticle potentials are assumed to be coulombic, screened by the electrons in dielectric function theory. This method is quantitatively accurate for alloys at pressures above about 10 Mbar. An alloy of equal parts hydrogen and helium by mass appears to remain liquid and mixed for temperatures above about 3000 K, at pressures of about 15 Mbar. The additive volume law is satisfied to within about 10%, but the Gruneisen equation of state gives poor results. A calculation at 1300 K shows evidence of a hydrogen-helium phase separation.

Hubbard, W. B.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Mechanics and thermodynamics in lubrication

The causes for breakdown in the lubricant film of mineral oils are discussed. It is stated that the critical point is caused by desorption of the naturally occurring surface active agent and can be described by thermodynamic analysis. The effect of different metals in lubrication is surveyed. The problem of breakdown in elastohydrodynamic lubrication is treated phenomenologically by studying traction. The topics considered are classical and non-Newtonian explanations, anomalous film thickness and viscosity effects, surface roughness contributions, and solidification of the lubricant. Reasons for the apparent granular traction characteristics are examined.

Cameron, A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Thermodynamic properties of UF6 at high temperatures

The equilibrium composition and the thermodynamic properties of the mixture resulting from the decomposition of uranium hexafluoride is calculated for temperatures ranging from 600 K to 4000 K at pressures from 0.01 atmospheres to 10 atmospheres.

Hassan, H. A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

A thermodynamic chart for the Mars atmosphere

A thermodynamic chart in which area represents energy per unit of mass is constructed for the Mars atmosphere. A surface pressure of 8 millibars and an atmospheric composition of approximately 100 percent carbon dioxide are assumed. Mixing-ratio and equivalent potential temperature lines are drawn to facilitate the study of water-vapor condensation. The region of sublimation of carbon dioxide is presented for the study of the formation of carbon dioxide clouds and surface frost.

Pitts, D. E.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Heat Transfer and Thermodynamics: a Compilation

A compilation is presented for the dissemination of information on technological developments which have potential utility outside the aerospace and nuclear communities. Studies include theories and mechanical considerations in the transfer of heat and the thermodynamic properties of matter and the causes and effects of certain interactions.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1974

Improved curve fits for the thermodynamic properties of equilibrium air suitable for numerical computation using time-dependent or shock-capturing methods, part 1

Simplified curve fits for the thermodynamic properties of equilibrium air were devised for use in either the time-dependent or shock-capturing computational methods. For the time-dependent method, curve fits were developed for p = p(e, rho), a = a(e, rho), and T = T(e, rho). For the shock-capturing method, curve fits were developed for h = h(p, rho) and T = T(p, rho). The ranges of validity for these curves fits were for temperatures up to 25,000 K and densities from 10 to the minus 7th power to 10 to the 3d power amagats. These approximate curve fits are considered particularly useful when employed on advanced computers such as the Burroughs ILLIAC 4 or the CDC STAR.

Tannehill, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Thermodynamics and kinetics of pack aluminide coating formation on IN-100

An investigation of the effects of pack variables on the formation of aluminide coatings on nickel-base superalloy IN-100 was conducted. Also, the thermodynamics and kinetics of coating formation were analyzed. Observed coating weights were in good agreement with predictions made from the analysis. Pack temperature rather than pack aluminum activity controls the principal coating phase formed. Solid-state nickel diffusion controlled coating formation from sodium fluoride and chloride and ammonium fluoride activated packs. In other ammonium and sodium halide activated 1 weight percent aluminum packs, gaseous diffusion controlled coating formation.

Levine, S. R.↗