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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 649 records · Page 36
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Preliminary noise tests of the engine-over-the-wing concept. i: 30 deg - 60 deg flap position

The results of preliminary acoustic tests of the engine over the wing concept are summarized. The tests were conducted with a small wing section model (32 cm chord) having two flaps set at the landing position, which is 30 and 60 deg respectively. The engine exhaust was simulated by an air jet from a convergent nozzle having a nominal diameter of 5.1 centimeters. Factors investigated for their effect on noise include nozzle location, wing shielding, flap leakage, nozzle shape, exhaust deflectors, and internally generated exhaust noise.

Reshotko, M.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Preliminary noise tests of the engine-over-the-wing concept. 2: 10 deg - 20 deg flap position

Preliminary acoustic tests of the engine-over-the-wing concept as a method for reducing the aerodynamic noise created by conventional and short takeoff aircraft are discussed. Tests were conducted with a small wing section model having two flaps which can be set for either the landing or takeoff positions. Data was acquired with the flaps set at 10 degrees and 20 degrees for takeoff and 30 and 60 degrees for landing. The engine exhaust was simulated by an air jet from a convergent nozzle. Far field noise data are presented for nominal pressure ratios of 1.25, 1.4 and 1.7 for both the flyover and sideline modes.

Reshotko, M.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Cyclic arc plasma tests of RSI materials using a preheater

The results of a test program are reported in which a preheater was used with an arc plasma stream to study the thermal response of samples of candidate reusable surface insulation materials for the space shuttle. The preheater simulated the shuttle temperature history during the first and last portions of the test cycle, which could not be simulated by the air arc plasma flow. Pre- and post-test data taken for each of the materials included magnified views, optical properties, and chemical analyses. The test results indicate that the mullite base samples experience higher surface temperatures than the other materials at heating rates greater than 225 kw/sq m. The ceramic fibrous mullite and silica coatings show noncatalytic wall behavior. Internal temperature response data for the materials are compared and correlated with analytical predictions.

Stewart, D. A.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Artificial meteor ablation studies: Olivine

Artificial meteor ablation was performed on a Mg-rich olivine sample using an arc-heated plasma of ionized air. Experimental conditions simulated a meteor traveling about 12 km/sec at an altitude of 70 km. The mineral content of the original olivine sample was 98% olivine (including traces of olivine alteration products) and 2% chromite. Forsterite content of the original olivine was Fo-89. After ablation, the forsterite content had increased to Fo-94 in the recrystallized olivine. In addition, lamella-like intergrowths of magnetite were prevalent constituents. Wherever magnetite occurred, there was an increase in Mg and a corresponding decrease in Fe for the recrystallized olivine. The Allende fusion crust consisted of a recrystallized olivine, which was more Mg-rich and Fe-deficient than the original meteorite's olivine, and abundant magnetite grains. Although troilite and pentlandite were the common opaque mineral constituents in this meteorite, magnetite was the principal opaque mineral found in the fusion crust.

Blanchard, M. B.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Implementation and extension of the impulse transfer function method for future application to the space shuttle project. Volume 1: Analysis and correlation studies

Computer programming, data processing, and a correlation study that employed data collected in the first phase test were used to demonstrate that standard test procedures and equipment could be used to collect a significant number of transfer functions from tests of the Lunar Module test article LTA-11. The testing consisted of suspending the vehicle from the apex fittings of the outrigger trusses through a set of air springs to simulate the free-free state. Impulsive loadings were delivered, one at a time, at each of the landing gear's attachment points, in three mutually perpendicular directions; thus a total of 36 impulses were applied to the vehicle. Time histories of each pulse were recorded on magnetic tape along with 40 channels of strain gage response and 28 channels of accelerometer response. Since an automated data processing system was not available, oscillograph playbacks were made of all 2400 time histories as a check on the validity of the data taken. In addition, one channel of instrumentation was processed to determine its response to a set of forcing functions from a prior LTA-11 drop test. This prediction was compared with drop test results as a first measure of accuracy.

Mantus, M.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Artificial meteor ablation studies - Olivine

Artificial meteor ablation has been performed on a Mg-rich olivine sample by means of an arc-heated plasma of ionized air. Experimental conditions simulated a meteor traveling about 12 km/sec at an altitude of 70 km. The mineral content of the original olivine was 98% olivine (including traces of olivine alteration products) and 2% chromite. The forsterite content of the original olivine was Fo 89 and increased to Fo 94 in the recrystallized olivine after ablation. In addition, lamella-like intergrowths of magnetite were prevalent. Wherever magnetite occurred, Mg increased and Fe decreased in the recrystallized olivine. The Fe for the magnetite exsolved from the original olivine crystals. Individual particles (i.e., spherules) were also characterized by magnetite intergrowths. Fusion crusts on the Allende and Murchison meteorites were compared with the fusion crust on the olivine sample. The Allende fusion crust consisted of a recrystallized olivine, richer in Mg and deficient in Fe in comparison with the original meteorite's olivine, and abundant magnetite grains.

Blanchard, M. B.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Autocorrelation peaks in congruential pseudorandom number generators

The complete correlation structure of several congruential pseudorandom number generators (PRNG) of the same type and small cycle length was studied to deal with the problem of congruential PRNG almost repeating themselves at intervals smaller than their cycle lengths, during simulation of bandpass filtered normal random noise. Maximum period multiplicative and mixed congruential generators were studied, with inferences drawn from examination of several tractable members of a class of random number generators, and moduli from 2 to the 5th power to 2 to the 9th power. High correlation is shown to exist in mixed and multiplicative congruential random number generators and prime moduli Lehmer generators for shifts a fraction of their cycle length. The random noise sequences in question are required when simulating electrical noise, air turbulence, or time variation of wind parameters.

Neuman, F.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Analysis of ablation debris from natural and artificial iron meteorites

Artificial ablation studies were performed on iron and nickel-iron samples using an arc-heated plasma of ionized air. Experiment conditions simulated a meteoroid traveling about 12 km/sec at an altitude of 70 km. The artificially produced fusion crusts and ablation debris show features very similar to natural fusion crusts of the iron meteorites Boguslavka, Norfork, and N'Kandhla and to magnetic spherules recovered from Mn nodules. X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe, optical, and scanning electron microscope analyses reveal that important mineralogical, elemental, and textural changes occur during ablation. Some metal is melted and ablated. The outer margin of the melted rind is oxidized and recrystallizes as a discontinuous crust of magnetite and wustite. Adjacent to the oxidized metallic ablation zone is an unoxidized metallic ablation zone in which structures such as Widmannstatten bands are obliterated as the metal is transformed to unequilibrated alpha 2 nickel-iron. Volatile elements are vaporized and less volatile elements undergo fractionation.

Blanchard, M. B.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Investigation of convergent-divergent nozzles applicable to reduced-power supersonic cruise aircraft

An investigation was conducted of isolated convergent-divergent nozzles to determine the effect of several design parameters on nozzle performance. Tests were conducted using high pressure air for propulsion simulation at Mach numbers from 0.60 to 2.86 at an angle of attack of 0 deg and at nozzle pressure ratios from jet off to 46.0. Three power settings (dry, partial afterburning, and maximum afterburning), three nozzle lengths, and nozzle expansion ratios from 1.22 to 2.24 were investigated. In addition, the effects of nozzle throat radius and a cusp in the external boattail geometry were studied. The results of this study indicate that, for nozzles operating near design conditions, increasing nozzle length increases nozzle thrust-minus-drag performance. Nozzle throat radius and an external boattail cusp had negligible effects on nozzle drag or internal performance.

Berrier, B. L.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Size distribution of oceanic air bubbles entrained in sea-water by wave-breaking

The size of oceanic air bubbles produced by whitecaps and wave-breaking is determined. The production of liquid aerosols at the sea surface is predicted. These liquid aerosols are at the origin of most of the particulate materials exchanged between the ocean and the atmosphere. A prototype was designed and built using an optical technique based on the principle of light scattering at an angle of ninety degrees from the incident light beam. The output voltage is a direct function of the bubble diameter. Calibration of the probe was carried out within a range of 300 microns to 1.2 mm. Bubbles produced by wave-breaking in a large air-sea interaction simulating facility. Experimental results are given in the form of size spectrum.

Resch, F.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Mixing 4D equipped and unequipped aircraft in the terminal area

The problem of mixing four-dimensional (4D) equipped aircraft (aircraft equipped with on-board guidance systems that can predict and control the touchdown-time of an aircraft to an accuracy of a few seconds throughout the descent) with unequipped aircraft in the terminal area has been investigated via a real-time air traffic control simulation study. The objective of this study was to develop scheduling algorithms and operational procedures for various traffic mixes that ranged from 25 percent to 75 percent 4D equipped aircraft. Results indicate substantial reduction in controller workload and an increase in orderliness when more than 25 percent of the aircraft are 4D equipped. Moreover, this is accomplished without increasing the workload or adding delays for the unequipped aircraft.

Tobias, L.↗
NASA NTRS1985

New aspects in nucleon-nucleus collisions and EAS properties around 10(6) GeV

At energies higher than 2 x 10 to the 5 GeV, very little information exists on detailed properties of nucleon-nucleon collision; the rare elements are coming from jets, and, as nondirect improvements from gamma-ray families. The results exhibit some conflicting features, or, at least, very large fluctuations like copious production of gamma-rays in opposition to Centauro-like events, sometimes suggest that phase transition to quark gluon plasma occurs in nucleus-nucleus collisions and even in nucleon-nucleus collision. The multicluster phenomenological model (MPM) extrapolated for extensive air showers EAS simulation up to 5 x 10 to the 6 GeV to put in evidence some significant deviation between experimental data and prediction.

Capdevielle, J. N.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Monte Carlo simulation of EAS generated by 10(14) - 10(16) eV protons

Detailed Monte Carlo simulations of extensive air showers to be detected by the Homestake Surface Underground Telescope and other similar detectors located at sea level and mountain altitudes have been performed for 10 to the 14th power to 10 to the 16th power eV primary energies. The results of these Monte Carlo calculations will provide an opportunity to compare the experimental data with different models for the composition and spectra of primaries and for the development of air showers. The results obtained for extensive air showers generated by 10 to the 14th power to 10 to the 16th power eV primary protons are reported.

Fenyves, E. J.↗