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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 703 records · Page 39
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Minimizing the area required for time constants in integrated circuits

When a medium- or large-scale integrated circuit is designed, efforts are usually made to avoid the use of resistor-capacitor time constant generators. The capacitor needed for this circuit usually takes up more surface area on the chip than several resistors and transistors. When the use of this network is unavoidable, the designer usually makes an effort to see that the choice of resistor and capacitor combinations is such that a minimum amount of surface area is consumed. The optimum ratio of resistance to capacitance that will result in this minimum area is equal to the ratio of resistance to capacitance which may be obtained from a unit of surface area for the particular process being used. The minimum area required is a function of the square root of the reciprocal of the products of the resistance and capacitance per unit area. This minimum occurs when the area required by the resistor is equal to the area required by the capacitor.

Lyons, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Determination of Optical Constants of in Bi from Reflectance Measurements

A fall in reflectance was noted from values obtained for a freshly cleaved sample to values obtained after periods of exposure of the surface to air. The decrease in reflectance with increased exposure time is attributed to formation of a surface layer insoluble in Freon or ethyl alcohol; it is assumed to be a tarnish layer. Computer processing was employed to calculate optical constants from reflectance data.

Martin, F. E.↗
NASA NTRS1973

An analytical study of the response of a constant-attitude aircraft to atmospheric turbulence

A light airplane equipped with an automatic control system which drives large wing flaps and the stabilator so as to produce a constant pitch attitude in all flight modes was analyzed for its response to a specific gust. The aircraft was also equipped with a bank-angle steering, zero sideslip automatic control system which was studied for its effectiveness in suppressing a specific lateral gust. The gusts were assumed to be comprised of 200 lateral and 400 vertical sinusoids. Each was used to excite the controlled aircraft and the time response to the sum of all sinusoids was plotted. The assumption was that the gust may be treated as stationary in space but variable in time rather than the reverse. Results indicate that such a control system can suppress vertical gusts up to the limit of control authority. Either the lateral accelerations or the yawing velocity response to lateral gusts can be suppressed with this system but not both simultaneously.

Smetana, F. O.↗
NASA NTRS1973

A design study for a simple-to-fly, constant attitude light aircraft

The activities during a four-year study by doctoral students to evolve in detail a design for a simple-to-fly, constant attitude light airplane are described. The study indicated that such aircraft could materially reduce the hazards to light airplane occupants which arise from the high pilot work load and poor visibility that occur during landing. Preliminary cost studies indicate that in volume production this system would increase the cost of the aircraft in roughly the same fashion that automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, and cruise control increase the cost of a compact car.

Smetana, F. O.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Scramjet fuel injector design parameters and considerations: Development of a two-dimensional tangential fuel injector with constant pressure at the flame

The factors affecting a tangential fuel injector design for scramjet operation are reviewed and their effect on the efficiency of the supersonic combustion process is evaluated using both experimental data and theoretical predictions. A description of the physical problem of supersonic combustion and method of analysis is followed by a presentation and evaluation of some standard and exotic types of fuel injectors. Engineering fuel injector design criteria and hydrogen ignition schemes are presented along with a cursory review of available experimental data. A two-dimensional tangential fuel injector design is developed using analyses as a guide in evaluating the effects on the combustion process of various initial and boundary conditions including splitter plate thickness, injector wall temperature, pressure gradients, etc. The fuel injector wall geometry is shaped so as to maintain approximately constant pressure at the flame as required by a cycle analysis. A viscous characteristics program which accounts for lateral as well as axial pressure variations due to the mixing and combustion process is used in determining the wall geometry.

Agnone, A. M.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Quantum theory of the dielectric constant of a magnetized plasma and astrophysical applications. I.

A quantum mechanical treatment of an electron plasma in a constant and homogeneous magnetic field is considered, with the aim of (1) defining the range of validity of the magnetoionic theory (2) studying the deviations from this theory, in applications involving high densities, and intense magnetic field. While treating the magnetic field exactly, a perturbation approach in the photon field is used to derive general expressions for the dielectric tensor. Numerical estimates on the range of applicability of the magnetoionic theory are given for the case of the 'one-dimensional' electron gas, where only the lowest Landau level is occupied.

Canuto, V.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Preemphasis for an S-band constant bandwidth FM/FM system.

Preemphasis schedules are given for 11 constant-bandwidth FM subcarriers modulating an S-band transmitter at various receiver SNRs (9 dB, 15 dB and 25 dB). The criterion for establishing these preemphasis curves is the achievement, at various receiver IF SNR, of equal receiver output SNR for all channels. The empirically derived results are compared with a simplified, analytically derived schedule and the primary differences are explained. The S-band preemphasis schedule is also found to differ from the lower frequency VHF case.

Wallace, G. R.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Temperature dependence of the Na-23 quadrupole coupling constants in Rochelle salt.

The Na-23 nuclear quadrupole coupling constant in Rochelle salt is found to have a linear dependence on temperature which extends through both the higher- and lower-temperature nonferroelectric phases. This result necessitates a reinterpretation of some earlier data, but is in perfect agreement with the recent calculations of Zeks, Shulka, and Blinc.

Fitzgerald, M. E.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Rapid gas-phase reactions - The reaction of ammonia and the methylamines with boron trifluoride. III - Pressure dependence of rate constant.

A steady-state flow apparatus, shown earlier to be suitable for the study of rapid gas reactions, has been used to determine the pressure dependence of the relative quasi-bimolecular rate constants for the reactant pairs ammonia (AM)-trimethylamine (TMA) and dimethylamine (DMA)-trimethylamine in reaction with boron trifluoride. The pressure dependence of the former was determined in the range 0.03-75 torr and that of the latter in the range 0.02-720 torr.

Glicker, S.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Prediction and measurement of the proportionality constant in statistical energy analysis of structures.

The fundamental equation of statistical energy analysis (SEA) states that the average power flow between two coupled vibrating systems is proportional to the difference in their average modal energies. Under certain circumstances it is possible to estimate the proportionality constant by modifying system boundary conditions on the separated systems and calculating or measuring changes in the systems. Newland's estimate, based upon blocking part of the system, is reexamined, and limitations are discussed. Three alternative methods which circumvent blocking are presented. These were applied to predict power flow in experiments on coupled beams and on coupled plates wherein power flow through the coupling was measured directly as a product of force times velocity. The measurements support the fundamental SEA relation, including the null power point where the average modal energies are equal.

Lotz, R.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Estimation of rate constants of elementary processes - A review of the state of the art.

'Thermochemical kinetics,' the codification and extrapolation of empirical observations, as applied to certain elementary reactions of importance to combustion studies, is described. This approach allows the critical scrutiny of experimental data in areas where sufficient previous data exist, while, at the same time, illuminating those key areas where more experimentation is crucial. It is shown that combination of transition-state theory with an understanding of the molecular basis of entropy puts fairly rigid constraints on the values of the Arrhenius A-factor for most reactions. This, in turn, means that the activation energy is often the key datum that is missing, and that such data can be obtained with some degree of confidence, even from measurements of rate constants at only one temperature. In complex mechanisms, it is often possible to distinguish among alternate pathways and pinpoint key processes.

Golden, D. M.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Thermomagnetic recording and magneto-optic playback system having constant intensity laser beam control

A system is developed for maintaining the intensity of a laser beam at a constant level in a thermomagnetic recording and magneto-optic playback system in which an isotropic film is heated along a continuous path by the laser beam for recording. As each successive area of the path is heated locally to the vicinity of its Curie point in the presence of a controlled magnetic field, a magneto-optic density is produced proportional to the amplitude of the controlled magnetic field. To play back the recorded signal, the intensity of the laser beam is reduced and a Faraday or Kerr effect analyzer is used, with a photodetector, as a transducer for producing an output signal.

Lewicki, G. W.↗
NASA NTRS1973

An electrical generator with a variable speed input: Constant frequency output

A new type of rotary energy conversion device for obtaining a desired constant frequency output independent of the speed of the prime mover has been developed and tested using the technique of field modulation and solid state alternator output processing. A 10-kilowatt prototype field modulated frequency down converter system was designed, built, and successfully tested. Experimentally obtained performance characteristics are presented.

Allison, H. J.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Task 60 test report, evaluation of IRIG-A 21 channel constant bandwith FM multiplexer for shuttle development flight instrumentation

A frequency modulated (FM) multiplexer, consisting of 21 IRIG-A constant bandwidth (CBW) voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO's) was tested to determine its suitability for use in multiplexing 21 data signals which have frequency ranges of dc to 2 kHz. Tests were preformed with the composite signal, consisting of the mixed outputs of the 21 VCO's connected directly to a set of subcarrier discriminators, with the signal recorded on magnetic tape and played back through the discriminators and with the signal transmitted by a frequency-modulated FM S-band radio frequency RF transmitter to a FM receiver and through the subcarrier discriminators. Tape speed flutter was induced to determine the reduction in flutter noise which can be obtained by the tape speed compensation equipment. The RF transmission test included transmitting the composite signal at a nominal RF received signal of -73 dbm and at RF levels of -83 and -86 dbm.

Haddick, C. M.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The influence of a constant magnetic field on the coagulatory system of the blood in an experiment

The influence of a constant magnetic field with a strength of 2500 oersteds on the coagulatory system of the blood in rabbits was studied; the animals were subjected to this field for one and five hours. The magnetic field acts on the coagulatory system of the blood after only one hour exposure. Repeated 5-hour exposures cause activation of the anticoagulatory system in the blood and causes distinctive effects on the subsequent changes in the coagulatory system of the blood. It is quite likely that in this instance the adaptational properties of the organism make themselves felt.

Zabrodina, L. V.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Change in blood coagulation indices as a function of the incubation period of plasma in a constant magnetic field

The influence of a constant magnetic field (CMF) with a strength of 250 and 2500 oersteds on the recalcification reaction and the tolerance of plasma to heparin was studied as a function of the exposure time of the plasma to the CMF. The maximum and reliable change in the activation of the coagulatory system of the blood was observed after a 20-hour incubation of the plasma in a CMF. As the exposure time increased, the recalcification reaction changed insigificantly; the difference between the mean arithmetic of the experiment and control values was not statistically reliable. The tolerance of the plasma to heparin as a function of the exposure time to the CMF of the plasma was considerably modified, an was statistically reliable.

Yepishina, S. G.↗