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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4

Advanced design for orbital debris removal in support of solar system exploration

This work continues to develop advanced designs toward the ultimate goal of a Getaway Special to demonstrate economical removal of orbital debris utilizing local resources in orbit. The fundamental technical feasibility was demonstrated last year through theoretical calculations, quantitative computer animation, a solar focal point cutter, a robotic arm design, and a subscale model. During this reporting period, several improvements are made in the solar cutter, such as auto track capabilities, better quality reflectors, and a more versatile framework. The major advance has been in the design, fabrication, and working demonstration of a robotic arm that has several degrees of freedom. The functions were specifically tailored for the orbital debris handling. These advances are discussed. Also, a small fraction of the resources were allocated toward research in flame augmentation in scramjets for the NASP. Here, the fundamental advance has been the attainment of Mach numbers up to 0.6 in the flame zone and a vastly improved injection system; our current work is expected to achieve supersonic combustion in the laboratory and an advanced monitoring system.

Campbell, David↗

Voyager: Neptune Encounter Highlights

Voyager encounter data are presented in computer animation (CA) and real (R) animation. The highlights include a view of 2 full rotations of Neptune. It shows spacecraft trajectory 'diving' over Neptune and intercepting Triton's orbit, depicting radiation and occulation zones. Also shown are a renegade orbit of Triton and Voyager's encounter with Neptune's Magnetopause. A model of the spacecraft's complex maneuvers during close encounters of Neptune and Triton is presented. A view from Earth of Neptune's occulation experiment is is shown as well as a recreation of Voyager's final pass. There is detail of Voyager's Image Compensation technique which produces Voyager images. Eighteen images were produced on June 22 - 23, 1989, from 57 million miles away. A 68 day sequence which provides a stroboscopic view - colorization approximates what is seen by the human eye. Real time images recorded live from Voyager on 8/24/89 are presented. Photoclinometry produced the topography of Triton. Three images are used to create a sequence of Neptune's rings. The globe of Neptune and 2 views of the south pole are shown as well as Neptune rotating. The rotation of a scooter is frozen in images showing differential motion. There is a view of rotation of the Great Dark Spot about its own axis. Photoclinometry provides a 3-dimensional perspective using a color mosaic of Triton images. The globe is used to indicate the orientation of Neptune's crescent. The east and west plumes on Triton are shown.

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Voyager's Last Encounter

This video describes Voyager 2's encounter with Neptune. Computer animation and actual data convey Voyager's discoveries such as turbulent storms and dark spots in Neptune's atmosphere, six new moons, Neptune's three rings, and the presence of frozen methane on Triton, as researchers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory describe Voyager's achievements.

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Hey! What's Space Station Freedom?

This video, 'Hey! What's Space Station Freedom?', has been produced as a classroom tool geared toward middle school children. There are three segments to this video. Segment One is a message to teachers presented by Dr. Jeannine Duane, New Jersey, 'Teacher in Space'. Segment Two is a brief Social Studies section and features a series of Presidential Announcements by President John F. Kennedy (May 1961), President Ronald Reagan (July 1982), and President George Bush (July 1989). These historical announcements are speeches concerning the present and future objectives of the United States' space programs. In the last segment, Charlie Walker, former Space Shuttle astronaut, teaches a group of middle school children, through models, computer animation, and actual footage, what Space Station Freedom is, who is involved in its construction, how it is to be built, what each of the modules on the station is for, and how long and in what sequence this construction will occur. There is a brief animation segment where, through the use of cartoons, the children fly up to Space Station Freedom as astronauts, perform several experiments and are given a tour of the station, and fly back to Earth. Space Station Freedom will take four years to build and will have three lab modules, one from ESA and another from Japan, and one habitation module for the astronauts to live in.

Vonehrenfried, Dutch↗

Newton in Space

In this 'Liftoff to Learning' series video, astronauts (Charles Veach, Gregory Harbaugh, Donald McMonagle, Michael Coats, L. Blaine Hammond, Guion Bluford, Richard Hieb) from the STS-39 Mission use physical experiments and computer animation to explain how weightlessness and gravity affects everything and everyone onboard the Space Shuttle. The physics behind the differences between weight and mass, and the concepts of 'free fall', are demonstrated along with explanations and experiments of Sir Issac Newton's three laws of motion.

Herbert, Dexter↗

The Atmosphere Below

In this educational 'Liftoff to Learning' video series, astronauts from the STS-45 Space Shuttle Mission (Kathy Sullivan, Byron Lichtenberg, Brian Duffy, Mike Foale, David Leestma, Charlie Bolden, and Dirk Frimont) explain and discuss the Earths atmosphere, its needs, the changes occurring within it, the importance of ozone, and some of the reasons behind the ozone depletion in the Earths atmosphere. The questions of: (1) what is ozone; (2) what has happened to the ozone layer in the atmosphere; and (3) what exactly does ozone do in the atmosphere, are answered. Different chemicals and their reactions with ozone are discussed. Computer animation and graphics show how these chemical reactions affect the atmosphere and how the ozone hole looks and develops at the south pole during its winter season appearance.

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Apollo 12: Pinpoint for Science

This video, using historical film footage, photography, and computer animation, describes the launch, flight, lunar landing and exploration, and return flight of Apollo 12, one of the manned lunar missions. The astronauts were Charles Conrad, Richard Gordon, and Allen Bean. Thirty-six seconds into the November 14, 1969 launch, the spacecraft was hit by lightning from the thunderstorm surrounding the launch site. In spite of this mishap, the vehicle and astronauts were not harmed and continued with their mission. The Yankee Clipper (command module) docked with the Intrepid (lunar module) and upon reaching the Moon, the Intrepid disconnected during lunar orbit and descended to the Moon's surface to a landing area previously marked by the Surveyor satellite. After lunar surface exploration, soil sample collection, satellite maintenance, and setting up various lunar surface monitoring equipment (a seismometer and two atmospheric monitors), the Intrepid launched back into lunar orbit, docked with the Yankee Clipper, and returned to Earth. There are both B/W and color photography and film footage, which includes the Earth launch, lunar orbit, descent and ascent of Intrepid on the Moon, return flight, atmospheric reentry, and recovery on the Earth, and ground to air and space communication is shown.

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High Resolution Microwave Survey

Research information on radar tracking systems, computer animation of star formation, footage of solar systems, and desert radar equipment and research facilities are contained in this video. Frank Drake, President of SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) Institute is interviewed along with Jill Tarter, NASA's High Resolution Microwave Survey Project Scientist.

Scheibe, J.↗

Collection of Magellan Venus Radar Mapping Results

Through computer animation several geological features of Venus are presented in this video. The Sif Mons, a 1.2 mile high volcano and the Gula Mons, a 1.8 mile high volcano are shown. Also, radar images of a rift valley, several impact craters, and a corona can be seen. The video ends with a northeast view of Eistla Regio.

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Lockheed Stabilizer System for Space Exercise Equipment

Through the use of computer animation, the Lockheed Stabilizer System for spaceborne exercise equipment is shown. A bicycle mounted onto a shuttle floor demonstrates the range of vibrations that occur without the Lockheed Stabilizer. There is animation of the stabilizer system's tests and normal protein crystal growth in microgravity environments. Actual short clips of astronauts exercising in space are also presented.

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[Space Exploration Initiative]

Future Mars exploration missions and operations are discussed using computer animation along with proposed vehicles and equipment, for example, a Mars surface land rover. There is a Presidential Address by President George Bush where he discusses future goals for space exploration. This video also outlines the Outreach Program, which offers the public the chance to suggest new ideas for space research and exploration.

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Telepresence Media Resource Tape

Dr. Michael McGreevey (NASA's Ames Research Center) explains what virtual reality is and how NASA uses this concept. Computer animation of different planets using virtual reality is shown. One Ames research tool, the Virtual Wind Tunnel allows air flow to be studied inside the tunnel from any conceivable location. Dr. Carol Stoker (NASA's Ames Research Center) comments on Telepresence, one form of virtual reality.

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[Lunar/Mars Exploration]

Computer animation of future expeditions, research projects, and equipment (satellites, telescopes, etc.,) are contained on this video. President George Bush, in a Presidential Address, speaks on future plans for NASA emphasizing Space Station Freedom and a manned mission to Mars.

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Stereokinetic effect and its relation to the kinetic depth effect

The stereokinetic effect (SKE) has been defined and studied by nested circular patterns rotating on a turntable. Circles must appear not to rotate as they revolve, which in turn results in their appearing to translate relative to one another. A powerful illusion of object depth results even though the individual circles do not undergo an appropriate foreshortening consistent with their apparent changes in slant. It is suggested and tested that the SKE is based on the changing positions between the nested contours despite the absence of any change within each contour, whereas the kinetic depth effect (KDE) entails both kinds of change. It follows that a turntable method of presentation is not necessary, and between-contour transformations can be simulated by computer animation. Displays consisting of simple translations were shown to evoke robust depth impressions as were patterns consisting of contours of varying shapes. Comparisons of the depth, compellingness, and rigidity of matched SKE and KDE displays are reported. The SKE is taken to be paradigmatic for how the visual system perceives depth when observing small object rotations that occur in everyday situations.

Proffitt, Dennis R.↗

Sines and Cosines. Part 3 of 3

In this 'Project Mathematics' series video, the addition formulas of sines and cosines are explained and their real life applications are demonstrated. Both film footage and computer animation is used. Several mathematical concepts are discussed and include: Ptolemy's theorem concerned with quadrilaterals; the difference between a central angle and an inscribed angle; sines and chord lengths; special angles; subtraction formulas; and a application to simple harmonic motion. A brief history of the city Alexandria, its mathematicians, and their contribution to the field of mathematics is shown.

Apostol, Tom M.↗

Sines and Cosines. Part 2 of 3

The Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines are introduced and demonstrated in this 'Project Mathematics' series video using both film footage and computer animation. This video deals primarily with the mathematical field of Trigonometry and explains how these laws were developed and their applications. One significant use is geographical and geological surveying. This includes both the triangulation method and the spirit leveling method. With these methods, it is shown how the height of the tallest mountain in the world, Mt. Everest, was determined.

Apostol, Tom M.↗

Sines and Cosines. Part 1 of 3

Applying the concept of similarities, the mathematical principles of circular motion and sine and cosine waves are presented utilizing both film footage and computer animation in this 'Project Mathematics' series video. Concepts presented include: the symmetry of sine waves; the cosine (complementary sine) and cosine waves; the use of sines and cosines on coordinate systems; the relationship they have to each other; the definitions and uses of periodic waves, square waves, sawtooth waves; the Gibbs phenomena; the use of sines and cosines as ratios; and the terminology related to sines and cosines (frequency, overtone, octave, intensity, and amplitude).

Apostol, Tom M.↗