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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Bulk density, grain size, carbon, and nitrogen content of floodplain fine sediment along the East River, Colorado collected from 2014 to 2017

The dataset is comprised of grain size, bulk density, carbon and nitrogen content of soils sampled on the floodplain of the East River 4 to 11 km downstream of Gothic, CO near Crested Butte. This dataset was collected to characterize the sedimentological properties and carbon inventory of the East River floodplain. The data help quantify the flux and storage of sediment and carbon between the East River and the alluvial floodplain bounding the river. The samples were collected between 2014 and 2017. The soil samples come from a total of 156 locations and were sampled in the upper 40 to 60 cm of the floodplain and in abandoned channel segments or oxbows. Not all samples were analyzed for all properties, but 26 samples were analyzed for bulk density, full particle size distribution, carbon, and nitrogen content. An additional 48 samples were analyzed for particle size fraction greater than and less than 2 mm and total organic content determined by loss on ignition. The dataset is comprised of a total of six separate data files based on the sample type and analysis and another file lists the sample identifications and locations of samples with a complete suite of analyses.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Hydrological control of chemical weathering and rock-carbon fluxes: East River, Colorado

This data package is used in the manuscript entitled “Hydrological control of chemical weathering and rock-carbon fluxes”. The field study was conducted in a lower montane hillslope of the East River watershed, underlain by Mancos Shale, within the lower 140 m section of a transect that extends nearly 1 km to its local peak. The data in this package, in CSV file format, were collected from Fall 2016 to fall 2021, including depth-resolved dynamic water table depths, subsurface water fluxes, solid phase (soil to bedrock) chemical compositions, geochemical properties of porewater and pore-gas, including radio carbon concentrations. The detailed methods of field studies, laboratory chemical analyses, and calculations are described in the Methods section and in the dataset file: Wan_et_al_Methods.pdf. The dataset additionally includes a file-level metadata (flmd.csv) file that lists each file contained in the dataset with associated metadata; and a data dictionary (dd.csv) file that contains column/row headers used throughout the files along with a definition, units, and data type.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Classified channel masks of the East River, Colorado, U.S.A and areas of floodplain erosion and accretion ranging from 1955 to 2015

This dataset provides four sets of geotiffs used for the mapping and analysis an alluvial floodplain reach of the East River, downstream of Gothic, CO, U.S.A near Crested Butte. The files include binary masks of the river channel at five in intervals from 1955 to 2015. Another set of rasters provide a map of the channel centerline pixels of the river for each date. Also included in the dataset are rasters of the areas of channel change due to migration over 8 time intervals. The masks were generated from aerial and satellite imagery collected on seven dates over a sixty-year timespan: 1955, 1973, 1983, 1990, 2001, 2011, and 2015. The masks were analyzed using the Spatially Continuous Riverbank Erosion and Accretion Measurements (SCREAM) software detailed in Rowland et al. 2016 to create the channel centerlines and the change area rasters. The change masks were generated for the following time periods: 1955-1973; 1955-2015; 1973-1983; 1983-1990; 1990-2001; 2001-2011; 2001-2015; and 2011-2015.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Production of hydrogen peroxide in an intra-meander hyporheic zone at East River, Colorado.

The traditionally held assumption that photo-dependent processes are the predominant source of H 2 O 2 in natural waters has been recently questioned by an increasing body of evidence showing the ubiquitiousness of H 2 O 2 in dark water bodies and in groundwater. In this study, we conducted field measurement of H 2 O 2 in an intra-meander hyporheic zone and in surface water at East River, CO. On-site detection using a sensitive chemiluminescence method suggests H 2 O 2 concentrations in groundwater ranging from 6 nM (at the most reduced region) to ~ 80 nM (in a locally oxygen-rich area) along the intra-meander transect with a maxima of 186 nM detected in the surface water in an early afternoon, lagging the maximum solar irradiance by ~1.5 h. Our results suggest that the dark profile of H 2 O 2 in the hyporheic zone is closely correlated to local redox gradients, indicating that interactions between various redox sensitive elements could play an essential role. Due to its transient nature, the widespread presence of H 2 O 2 in the hyporheic zone indicates the existence of a sustained balance between H 2 O 2 production and consumption, which potentially involves a relatively rapid succession of various biogeochemically important processes (such as organic matter turnover, metal cycling and contaminant mobilization). More importantly, this study confirmed the occurrence of reactive oxygen species at a subsurface redox transition zone and further support our understanding of redox boundaries on reactive oxygen species generation and as key locations of biogeochemical activity.

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTAN↗
DOE OSTI2020

Soil Respiration Response to Rainfall Modulated by Plant Phenology in a Montane Meadow, East River, Colorado, USA

Soil respiration is a primary component of the terrestrial carbon cycle. However, predicting the response of soil respiration to climate change remains a challenge due to the complex interactions between environmental drivers, especially plant phenology, temperature, and soil moisture. In this study, we use a 1-D diffusion-reaction model to calculate depth-resolved CO 2 production rates from soil CO 2 concentrations and surface efflux observations in a subalpine meadow in the East River watershed, CO. Modeled rates are compared to in situ soil temperature and moisture conditions and MODIS satellite enhanced vegetation index (EVI) representing plant phenology across three hydrologically distinct growing seasons from 2016-2018. While soil respiration correlated with temperature on diel timescales (p<0.05), seasonal variability was dominated by soil moisture and plant phenology (p<0.05). We observed significant respiration increases in response to precipitation events; however, magnitude and duration were significantly higher in 2017 than 2016 despite similar wetting characteristics. Based on MODIS EVI, we suggest the respiration response to rainfall is controlled by plant phenology, which in turn reflects the capacity of plants to respond to precipitation via increased photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration, behavior that is not captured in typical soil respiration pulse models. Projected changes in montane climate such as earlier snowmelt and prolonged fore-summer drought may decrease soil respiration fluxes by decreasing the overlap between peak productivity and the summer monsoon. Lastly, we observed significant late-season CO 2 fluxes from the deep sub-soil (>165 cm) that support growing evidence for the importance of sub-soil processes in driving integrated respiration fluxes.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

QA/QC of the East River, Colorado, discharge and geochemical time series datasets (Almont, BCC, and Pump House) to be used for modeling of hydrogeochemical balance

The following datasets were QA/QC-ed (Quality Assurance/Quality Control): 1. Brush Creek Confluence (BCC) discharge data (from Helen Malenda, USGS, Colorado School of Mines), which were calculated using the pressure transducer data and rating curves. The original 15 min time series data were presented as mean daily discharge. 2. Almont discharge data from United States Geological Survey (USGS). The original data were in 15 min time intervals, and were averaged to mean daily discharge time series. 3. Pump House discharge data as mean daily discharge (downloaded from the SFA portal). 4. BCC and Pump House chemistry data from SFA data portal and/or original spreadsheets provided by Roelof Versteeg. The following challenging QA/QC problems of the datasets were resolved: Missing data with the duration of gaps up to >1 month; Duplicated dates; Anomalies and outliers of discharge and concentrations; Time stamps of measurements of the discharge and concentrations are not aligned (hydrogeochemical balance calculations require the timestamps to be aligned). All QA/QC-ed datasets are given as csv files. The csv files were prepared using the xts files with multiple worksheets, which are also included in the data packages. Figures of the QA/QC-ed datasets are given in the jpeg and pdf formats. The QA/QC-ed datasets have been used to quantify discharge and chemical concentrations in river water in order to understand riverine exports of water and dissolved constituents in the East River watershed. These datasets served as a basis in the presentation given by P. Fox et al. at the 2021 Goldschmidt Conference.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

NEON AOP Imaging Spectroscopy Survey of Upper East River Colorado Watersheds: Raw-Space Radiance and Observational Variable Dataset

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) contracted the National Ecological Observatory Network Airborne Observation Platform (NEON AOP) to observe watersheds of interest near Crested Butte, CO with remotely sensed data including imaging spectroscopy. The flight box design encompassed the watersheds, and flight design targeted a minimum of 30% overlap between adjacent flight lines. The total area surveyed was 334 km2 across 72 lines. Flight lines were oriented north-south for consistency in solar illumination geometry. Seven days were required to cover the flight area. Some areas were flown additional times to improve data quality or temporal coincidence between airborne acquisitions and field sampling. In total, 102 lines were collected and can be downloaded here: https://portal.nersc.gov/wfsfa/doi-10-15485-1617204/. The instrument used for the acquisition was an Airborne Visible-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer - Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG), which records radiance within 426 contiguous spectral bands in the wavelength range from 380 to 2510 nm. The instrument was flown at a target aboveground altitude of 1000 m for a processed data spatial resolution of 1 m. These data are non-orthorectified, radiance data that require further processing prior to use as a surface reflectance data set.

2018 NEON and 2025 CHESS Campaigns↗
DOE OSTI2021

Regolith, rock and fluid distributions at the Upper Colorado River Basin via a multicomponent seismic imaging approach

In October 2018, we conducted an exploratory seismic survey of the East River Watershed Function Science Focus Area, near Crested Butte, CO. Our survey goals were to map seismic bedrock, regolith and sediment properties and relate them to geomorphic and hydrologic processes. We acquired ~12 km of seismic data along roads with a 72-channel, 1.25m spaced streamer, an average shot spacing of 2.5m and an average acquisition rate of 3 km/day. We also obtained ~3km of planted geophone data with geophone and shot spacing between 2.5 and 5 meters and an acquisition rate of 0.5 km/day. Vp results show a sharp transition between regolith and bedrock along hillslopes suggesting a similarly abrupt change in porosity. Vp anisotropy in the Mancos Shale is observable in the lower reaches of the watershed, but is absent in regions near crystalline intrusions where contact metamorphism has likely modified pore structure within the shale. Alluvium thickness varies along the river axis from 0 to > 20 meters reflecting variations in depositional processes as function of stream gradient. We show that when strong discontinuities at the regolith base are present, inhomogeneous waves that travel along subsurface interfaces are generated and can be measured on vertical component geophones. We present a summary manuscript in the report appendix.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

2018 Meander C floodplain groundwater chemistry from the East River Watershed, Colorado

This dataset includes groundwater geochemistry data from floodplain piezometers collected as a part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) located in the Upper Colorado River Basin. The data were collected in order to investigate the role of hyporheic exchange and other river corridor processes on riverine export of solutes. Floodplain piezometers installed along two transects across Meander C in the Pumphouse vicinity (MCP and MCB wells) were sampled on daily to weekly time scales during summer-fall 2018. Some river water grab samples are also included. Data includes in-field measurements (pH, electrical conductivity [EC], oxidation reduction potential [ORP], dissolved oxygen [DO], Fe(II), and groundwater level) along with laboratory measurements (dissolved inorganic carbon [DIC], dissolved organic carbon [DOC], metals and major cations, anions [chloride, sulfate, nitrate], and dissolved ammonium). Five files are included in this dataset, including: sample locations and depths in both a kmz file which can be opened in Google Earth and a csv file, sampling protocol as a pdf document, aqueous geochemistry data in a csv file, and analytical detection limits in a csv file.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

2018 Meander Y and Meander Z floodplain groundwater chemistry from the East River watershed, Colorado

This dataset includes groundwater geochemistry data from floodplain piezometers collected as a part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) located in the Upper Colorado River Basin. The data were collected in order to investigate the role of hyporheic exchange and other river corridor processes on riverine export of solutes. Floodplain piezometers installed in Meander Z (MZA, MZB wells) and Meander Y (MYP wells) just upstream of the confluence with Brush Creek were sampled on daily to weekly time scales during summer-fall 2018. Some river water grab samples are also included. Data includes in-field measurements (pH, electrical conductivity [EC], oxidation reduction potential [ORP], and groundwater level) along with laboratory measurements (dissolved inorganic carbon [DIC], dissolved organic carbon [DOC], metals and major cations, anions [chloride, sulfate, nitrate], and dissolved ammonium). Five files are included in this dataset, including: sample locations and depths in both a kmz file which can be opened in Google Earth and a csv file, sampling protocol as a pdf document, aqueous geochemistry data in a csv file, and analytical detection limits in a csv file.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

2016 Floodplain Geochemistry from the East River Watershed, Colorado

This dataset includes groundwater geochemistry data from floodplain piezometers collected as a part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) located in the Upper Colorado River Basin. The data were collected in order to investigate the role of hyporheic exchange and other river corridor processes on riverine export of solutes. Floodplain piezometers installed in several meanders (Meander C, Meander D, and Meander O) in the vicinity of the Pumphouse were sampled at several dates in 2016. Data includes in-field measurements (pH, electrical conductivity, oxidation reduction potential, dissolved oxygen, dissolved Fe(II), dissolved sulfide, and groundwater level) along with laboratory measurements (dissolved inorganic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, metals and major cations). Five files are included in this dataset, including: sample locations and depths in a csv file (metadata.csv), aqueous geochemistry data in a csv file, analytical detection limits in a csv file, a file-level metadata (flmd.csv) file, and a data dictionary (dd.csv) file. Data that was below the detection limit is reported as one half of the detection limit and missing data is listed as "-9999".

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗