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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1975

Validity of trace element cosmothermometer

A reply is made to previous criticisms of the claim that the range of accretion of ordinary chondrites can be narrowed to 500-420 K (from 560-405 K) using volatile metals as cosmothermometers. Questions concerning uncertainties in vapor pressure data, entropy of mixing, methods of analysis, uncertainties in condensation curves, metamorphic transport, alloy formation, condensation of Tl, condensation of In, and concordance with other thermometers (FeO contents of silicates) are addressed. It is concluded that the original claim is valid.

Anders, E.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Performance and benefits of an advanced technology supersonic cruise aircraft

The results of four years research on technology are synthesized in an advanced supersonic cruise aircraft design. Comparisons are presented with the former United States SST and the British-French Concorde, including aerodynamic efficiency, propulsion efficiency, weight efficiency, and community noise. Selected trade study results are presented on the subjects of design cruise Mach number, engine cycle selection, and noise suppression. The critical issue of program timing is addressed and some observations made regarding the impact that timing has on engine selection and minimization of program risk.

Fitzsimmons, R. D.↗
NASA NTRS1976

An advanced concept that promises ecological and economic viability

The actuality of supersonic commercial service being provided by Concorde is demonstrating to the world the advantages offered by supersonic travel for both business and recreation. Public acceptance will gradually and persistently stimulate interest to proceed with a second generation design that meets updated economic and ecological standards. It is estimated that this concept could operate profitably on world-wide routes with a revenue structure based upon economy fares. Airplanes will meet all present day ecological requirements regarding noise and emissions.

Wright, B. R.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Effects of atmospheric conditions on the operating characteristics of supersonic cruise aircraft

Since for maximum range a supersonic transport must cruise near its maximum Mach number, accurate flight control is needed, especially when severe atmospheric transients are encountered. This paper describes atmospheric transients that have been encountered by the XB-70, YF-12, and Concorde aircraft during supersonic flights and the ensuing responses of the aircraft propulsion and flight control systems. It was found that atmospheric conditions affected these supersonic cruise vehicles in much the same way, with minor differences according to the type of propulsion and flight control system. Onboard sensors are sufficiently accurate to provide data on the atmosphere, including turbulence over the route, that are accurate enough for entry in the climatic record and for use as inputs to the control systems. Nominal atmospheric transients can be satisfactorily controlled, but some problems remain for extreme cases.

Schweikhard, W. G.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Diogenite exposure ages

He, Ne and Ar isotopes have been measured in six, and Al-26 in two diogenites. Cosmic-ray exposure ages corrected for shielding effects using Ne-22/Ne-21 ratios are generally concordant. Five diogenites have a group age of 14 Myr and three others may have a group age of 24 Myr, implying that two collisions may have produced 8 of the 9 diogenites.

Herzog, G. F.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Isotopic and chemical investigations on Angra dos Reis

Isotope ratios and chemical abundance measurements for a variety of elements are reported for total meteorite and mineral separates of the Angra dos Reis achondrite. U-Pb, Th-Pb, and Pb-Pb ages are concordant at 4.54 eons for the total meteorite and for high-purity whitlockite, which indicates that Angra dos Reis is an early planetary differentiate that has not been disturbed for these systems since 4.54 eons ago. The implications of different ratios of Sr-87 and Sr-86 found in different components are discussed. Xe isotopic measurements show that Pu-244 was enriched in the whitlockite relative to the pyroxene by a factor of about 18. Chemical enrichment factors between the whitlockite and the fassaitic pyroxene in Angra dos Reis are presented

Wasserburg, G. J.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Engine non-containment: UK risk assessment methods

More realistic guideline data must be developed for use in aircraft design in order to comply with recent changes in British civil airworthiness requirements. Unrealistically pessimistic results were obtained when the methodology developed during the Concorde SST certification program was extended to assess catastrophic risks resulting from uncontained engine rotors.

Wallin, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Pb loss from Apollo 17 glassy samples and Apollo 16 revisited

U-Th-Pb analyses of bulk samples of soil breccia 70019, when compared to KREEP data, indicate that different lunar samples are sometimes characterized by distinctly different initial Pb isotopic compositions. U-Th-Pb analyses on nonglassy samples and a glassy separate of soil breccia 70019, and bulk and agglutinate samples of soil 72701 showed that the glassy samples did lose considerable Pb relative to U less than 200 million years ago. These data support the contention of other investigators that vaporization of volatile elements owing to impact events significantly alters the chemistry of the lunar regolith. Metaclastic rock 60315 was reanalyzed and was found to be concordant at 3.93 billion years rather than slightly discordant, as was previously reported.

Nunes, P. D.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Icing testing in the large Modane wind-tunnel on full-scale and reduced scale models

Icing tests on full scale models of parts of aircraft (wings, tailplanes, radome) equipped with actual de-icing systems were carried out in the large Modane wind tunnel of ONERA. For studying icing on the Concorde, it was necessary to use a 1/6 scale half model. The equations governing the relevant parameter ratios to obtain reasonably good similitude water catching and ice accretion are recalled. Despite the inherent limitations of this particular kind of testing, i.e., the impossibility of duplicating both the Mach and Reynolds conditions for the main flow pattern, it is possible to obtain on a reduced scale model a reasonably good representation of icing cloud catching and of the shape of resulting ice accretion.

Charpin, F.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Supersonic transport vis-a-vis energy savings

The energy and economic saving modifications in supersonic transportation are studied. Modifications in the propulsion systems and in the aerodynamic configurations of the Concorde aircraft to reduce noise generation and increase fuel efficiency are discussed. The conversion of supersonic aircraft from fuel oils to synthetic fuels is examined.

Cormery, G.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Flying qualities design criteria applicable to supersonic cruise aircraft

A comprehensive set of flying qualities design criteria was prepared for use in the supersonic cruise research program. The framework for stating the design criteria is established and design criteria are included which address specific failures, approach to dangerous flight conditions, flight at high angle of attack, longitudinal and lateral directional stability and control, the primary flight control system, and secondary flight controls. Examples are given of lateral directional design criteria limiting lateral accelerations at the cockpit, time to roll through 30 deg of bank, and time delay in the pilot's command path. Flight test data from the Concorde certification program are used to substantiate a number of the proposed design criteria.

Chalk, C. R.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Supersonic Cruise Research 1979, part 2

Advances in airframe structure and materials technology for supersonic cruise aircraft are reported with emphasis on titanium and composite structures. The operation of the Concorde is examined as a baseline for projections into the future. A market survey of U.S. passenger attitudes and preferences, the impact of advanced air transport technology and the integration of systems for the advanced SST and for a smaller research/business jet vehicle are also discussed.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1981

Technology development status at McDonnell Douglas

The significant technology items of the Concorde and the conceptual MCD baseline advanced supersonic transport are compared. The four major improvements are in the areas of range performance, structures (materials), aerodynamics, and in community noise. Presentation charts show aerodynamic efficiency; the reoptimized wing; low scale lift/drag ratio; control systems; structural modeling and analysis; weight and cost comparisons for superplasticity diffusion bonded titanium sandwich structures and for aluminum brazed titanium honeycomb structures; operating cost reduction; suppressor nozzles; noise reduction and range; the bicone inlet; a market summary; environmental issues; high priority items; the titanium wing and fuselage test components; and technology validation.

Rowe, W. T.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Nucleocosmochronology

Nucleocosmochronology is analyzed on the basis of elemental isotopic abundances of radionuclides. The production and depletion mechanisms for the cosmological chronometers are investigated and model-independent theories are reviewed. Emphasis is given to the significance of the mean age of the elements and the time resolution of the last nucleosynthetic events contributing to the solar system, and it is shown how the intermediate-lived chronometers may give information on the time dependence shape of the production function. Anomalous nucleocosmochronology is investigated and galactic and cosmological constraints are described in terms of time scales for the mean age of elements and galaxies and the age of the universe. Data resulting from both model-independent and dependent analyses are compared. Results based on the mean age for the r-process elements suggest a lower limit to the age of the galaxy and the universe. It is concluded that nucleocosmochronology, when coupled with other independent determinations for the age of the universe, defines a concordant universe age of 13.5-15.5 billion years. The shape of the production function is not well determined because of the uncertainties in the xenon data.

Symbalisty, E. M. D.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Progress in supersonic cruise technology

It is reported that nine years of NASA research have yielded significant design solutions in such matters pertaining to large supersonic cruise vehicles as aerodynamics, structures, propulsion, noise reduction, takeoff and landing procedures, and advanced configuration concepts. Attention is given to the incremental performance gains achieved over the years (with the Concorde SST as baseline reference), arrow wing planform performance potential, superplastic forming/diffusion bonding of titanium alloy primary structures, advanced engine cycles, twin-fuselage high-capacity configurations, and the potential military payoff of SST research. It is concluded that the greatest promise for future research and development lies in fiber-reinforced, high-temperature metal structures and the twin-fuselage configuration.

Driver, C.↗
NASA NTRS1983

LANDSAT 4 investigation of thematic mapper and multispectral scanner applications

Six different band combinations of TM data were selected for evaluation by four experienced photointerpreters who were asked to rank the band combinations according to the ease with which the category of image feature designated for each set of combinations could be distinguished. There were four sets of combinations selected for each category of image feature. Scenes of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and of the Sacramento Valley, California area were enlarged to 1:250,000 and 2 cm circular chips were cut from each print. A nonparametric rank order test was carried out on the data to determine if the interpreters found no difference among the band combinations in ranking for the designated categories. Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) was calculated and the significance of the W value was determined by a chi-square test. A table summarizes the results of the evaluation and shows the rank order of band combinations indicated as valid by rejection of the null hypothesis.

Lauer, D. T.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Grapevine canopy reflectance and yield

Field spectroradiometric and airborne multispectral scanner data were applied in a study of Concord grapevines. Spectroradiometric measurements of 18 experimental vines were collected on three dates during one growing season. Spectral reflectance, determined at 30 intervals from 0.4 to 1.1 microns, was correlated with vine yield, pruning weight, clusters/vine, and nitrogen input. One date of airborne multispectral scanner data (11 channels) was collected over commercial vineyards, and the average radiance values for eight vineyard sections were correlated with the corresponding average yields. Although some correlations were significant, they were inadequate for developing a reliable yield prediction model.

Minden, K. A.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Vortex flaps - Advanced control devices for supercruise fighters

Prompted by the extensive experience obtained with vortex lift-generating leading edges in the SR-71, Concorde and F-16 supersonic aircraft, development efforts have recently been made toward the use of variable incidence angle delta wing leading edge 'vortex flaps' for supersonic cruise and maneuvering performance improvements in fighter aircraft. Vortex lift flaps have been wind tunnel tested on scale models, and it has been noted that a variety of effects can be obtained through the use of folding, hinged, and tabbed flap designs. Flap planforms can, moreover, be varied in length and in total area, as well as segmented, to yield unique combinations of drag reduction, vortex generation, longitudinal stability, and vortex flow reattachment. It is speculated that the vortex flap may be applicable to multimission fighters, and promote STOL performance.

Lamar, J. E.↗