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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1991

A study of the damage tolerance enhancement of carbon/epoxy laminates by utilizing an outer lamina of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene

The damage tolerance of carbon/epoxy was examined when an outer layer of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (Spectra) material was utilized on the specimen. Four types of 16 ply quasi-isotropic panels, (0,+45,90,-45)s2 were tested. The first contained no Spectra, while the others had one lamina of Spectra placed on either the top (impacted side), bottom or both surfaces of the composite plate. A range of impact energies up to approximately 8.5 Joules (6.3 ft-lbs) was used to inflict damage upon these specimens. Glass/Phenolic honeycomb beams with a core density of 314 N/m3 (2.0 lb/ft3) and 8 ply quasi-isotropic facesheets were also tested for compression-after-impact strength with and without Spectra at impact energies of 1,2,3 and 4 Joules (.74, 1.47, 2.21 and 2.95 ft-lbs). It was observed that the composite plates had little change in damage tolerance due to the Spectra, while the honeycomb panels demonstrated a slight increase in damage tolerance when Spectra was added, the damage tolerance level being more improved at higher impact energies.

Nettles, Alan T.↗
NASA NTRS1997

A low molecular weight artificial RNA of unique size with multiple probe target regions

Artificial RNAs (aRNAs) containing novel sequence segments embedded in a deletion mutant of Vibrio proteolyticus 5S rRNA have previously been shown to be expressed from a plasmid borne growth rate regulated promoter in E. coli. These aRNAs accumulate to high levels and their detection is a promising tool for studies in molecular microbial ecology and in environmental monitoring. Herein a new construct is described which illustrates the versatility of detection that is possible with aRNAs. This 3xPen aRNA construct carries a 72 nucleotide insert with three copies of a unique 17 base probe target sequence. This aRNA is 160 nucleotides in length and again accumulates to high levels in the E. coli cytoplasm without incorporating into ribosomes. The 3xPen aRNA illustrates two improvements in detection. First, by appropriate selection of insert size, we obtained an aRNA which provides a unique and hence, easily quantifiable peak, on a high resolution gel profile of low molecular weight RNAs. Second, the existence of multiple probe targets results in a nearly commensurate increase in signal when detection is by hybridization. These aRNAs are naturally amplified and carry sequence segments that are not found in known rRNA sequences. It thus may be possible to detect them directly. An experimental step involving RT-PCR or PCR amplification of the gene could therefore be avoided.

Non-NASA Center↗
NASA NTRS1989

Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Silphenylene/Siloxane Elastomers

Elastomers enhance thermal and mechancial properties. Capable of performing in extreme thermal/oxidative environments and having molecular weights above 10 to the sixth power prepared and analyzed in laboratory experiments. Made of methylvinylsilphenylene-siloxane terpolymers, new materials amenable to conventional silicone-processing technology. Similarly formulated commercial methyl-vinyl silicones, vulcanized elastomers exhibit enhance thermal/oxidative stability and equivalent or superior mechanical properties.

Hundley, N. H.↗
NASA NTRS1987

A DSC study on crystalline LaRC TPI powder - A new version with higher initial molecular weight

A new version of crystalline Langley Research Center Thermoplastic Polyimide (LaRC-TPI) imidized powder, which possesses a higher initial molecular weight (MW), has been prepared and characterized. The scheme used for cyclodehydration during the synthesis of this material is described. Evidence of a higher initial MW for the subject LaRC-TPI is supported by both measurements of the inherent viscosity and the DSC thermograms. An initial melting peak at 295 C is noted in the freshly-synthesized sample. The powder can be recrystallized at any elevated temperatures below 340 C, and a single crystalline endothemic peak is always observed after various thermal histories. The heat of fusion for the fresh sample, as represented by the area under the melting peak in the directional scanning calorimeter thermogram, is about 3.9 cal/gm. Comparisons of thermal properties for the subject material are made to those exhibited by the commercial LaRC-TPI powder.

Hou, Tan-Hung↗
NASA NTRS1991

Chemistry and properties of controlled molecular weight end-capped LaRC-CPI

As part of a program on structural resins for high temperature aerospace applications, a controlled molecular weight end-capped semi-crystalline polyimide, designated LaRC-CPI, was evaluated. Neat resin moldings, adhesive specimens and composites were fabricated at temperatures of 365-375 C under pressures of 200-500 psi. Adhesive and composite specimens provided good mechanical properties at temperatures as high as 232 C.

Hergenrother, Paul M.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Molecular weight: Property relationships of high performance polymers used for adhesives and composites

Degradation of high performance polyimide precursor resins was investigated by measuring the molecular weight of the polymers in solution, using a membrane osmometer. It was found that polyimide precursor resins composed of BTDA and ODPA combined with DABP and MDA were unstable in DMAC. The degradation rate was found to depend upon the chemical nature of the isomeric diamine and the geometric structure about the amide linkage. The polymers of DABP were less susceptible to degradation than those of MDA and p,p'-compounds were more stable than m,m'-compounds. These results suggest that degradation is correlated with the basicity of the diamine. That is, the rate of the degradation reaction increases with the basicity of the diamine group in the polyimide precursor resin. The presence of water and a higher temperature increased the degradation rate of the polymers.

Kranbuehl, D.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Mean molecular weight and hydrogen abundance of Titan's atmosphere

The 200-600/cm continuum opacity in the troposphere and lower stratosphere of Titan is inferred from thermal emission spectra from the Voyager 1 IR spectrometer (IRIS). The surface temperature and mean molecular weight are between 94 and 97 K and between 28.3 and 29.2 AMU, respectively. The mole fraction of molecular hydrogen is 0.002 + or - 0.001, which is equivalent to an abundance of approximately 0.2 + or - 0.1 km amagat.

Samuelson, R. E.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Determination of low molecular weight thiols using monobromobimane fluorescent labeling and high-performance liquid chromatography

Methods are described for the preparation and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of monobromobimane derivatives of low molecular weight thiols in extracts of biological samples. Typical problems encountered in the development and application of these methods are discussed. Analysis of mung bean extract is used as an example.

Fahey, Robert C.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Friction, wear, transfer and wear surface morphology of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene

Tribological studies at 25 C in a 50-percent-relative-humidity air atmosphere were conducted using hemispherically tipped 440 C HT (high temperature) stainless steel pins sliding against ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) disks. The results indicate that sliding speed, sliding distance, contact stress and specimen geometry can markedly affect friction, UHMWPE wear, UHMWPE transfer and the type of wear mechanisms that occur. Adhesion appears to be the predominant wear mechanism; but after long sliding distances at slow speeds, heavy ridges of transfer result which can induce fatigue-like wear on the UHMWPE disk wear track. In one instance, abrasive wear to the metallic pin was observed. This was caused by a hard particle embedded in the UHMWPE disk wear track.

Fusaro, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Friction, wear, transfer, and wear surface morphology of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene

Tribological studies at 25 C in a 50-percent-relative-humidity air atmosphere were conducted using hemispherically tipped 440 C HT (high temperature) stainless steel pins sliding against ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) disks. The results indicate that sliding speed, sliding distance, contact stress and specimen geometry can markedly affect friction, UHMWPE wear, UHMWPE transfer and the type of wear mechanisms that occur. Adhesion appears to be the predominant wear mechanism; but after long sliding distances at slow speeds, heavy ridges of transfer result which can induce fatigue-like wear on the UHMWPE disk wear track. In one instance, abrasive wear to the metallic pin was observed. This was caused by a hard particle embedded in the UHMWPE disk wear track.

Fusaro, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Effect of sliding speed and contact stress on tribological properties of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene

A pin on disk apparatus was used to investigate the effect of sliding speed on the friction, wear, and transfer film characteristics of hemispherically tipped AISI 440C high temperature (HT) stainless steel riders sliding against ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) disks. The surface morphology of the wear track was studied to determine possible wear mechanisms. Geometry effects were determined by comparing the results to those of others who used different specimen configurations. The results indicate that sliding speed, sliding distance, contact stress, and specimen geometry can all markedly influence the tribological properties of UHMWPE.

Fusaro, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1993

High-Flow, High-Molecular-Weight, Addition-Curing Polyimides

In developed series of high-flow PMR-type polyimide resins, 2, 2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4, 4'-diaminobiphenyl (BTDB) substituted for 1, 4-pheylenediamine in PMR-II formulation. Polyimides designated either as PMR-12F when nadic ester (NE) end caps used, or as V-CAP-12F when p-aminostyrene end caps used. High-molecular-weight, addition-curing polyimides based on BTBD and HFDE highly processable high-temperature matrix resins used to make composite materials with excellent retention of properties during long-term exposure to air at 650 degrees F or higher temperature. Furthermore, 12F addition-curing polyimides useful for electronic applications; fluorinated rigid-rod polyimides known to exhibit low thermal expansion coefficients as well as low absorption of moisture.

Chuang, Kathy C.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Separation of mouse testis cells on a Celsep (TM) apparatus and their usefulness as a source of high molecular weight DNA or RNA

The use of a self-contained unit-gravity cell separation apparatus for separation of populations of mouse testicular cells is described. The apparatus, a Celsep (TM), maximizes the unit area over which sedimentation occurs, reduces the amount of separation medium employed, and is quite reproducible. Cells thus isolated have been good sources for isolation of DNA, and notably, high molecular weight RNA.

NASA Discipline Cell Biology↗