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Results for “Polarization transformations”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

Magnetic and ferroelectric ordering in BiMn{sub 2}O{sub 5} oxide

A group-theoretical analysis of the magnetic phase of BiMn{sub 2}O{sub 5} oxide is performed using the space symmetry group of the compound. Using the projection operator method, we determine the basis functions of the irreducible representation of the space group, which are expressed in terms of the magnetic vector components. This representation can govern two phase transitions from the paramagnetic state to the antiferromagnetic phase with close temperatures and ordering of the spins of manganese ions in two crystallographic positions. It is found from renorm group analysis of these transitions that when these transitions occur as second- order transitions, the electric polarization does not appear in the system because spin fluctuations in this case elevate the symmetry of the system. Polarization appears when at least one of these transitions becomes a first-order transition as a result of spin fluctuations.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Mixed conduction and grain boundary effect in lithium niobate under high pressure

The charge transport behavior of lithium niobate has been investigated by in situ impedance measurement up to 40.6 GPa. The Li{sup +} ionic conduction plays a dominant role in the transport process. The relaxation process is described by the Maxwell-Wagner relaxation arising at the interfaces between grains and grain boundaries. The grain boundary microstructure rearranges after the phase transition, which improves the bulk dielectric performance. The theoretical calculations show that the decrease of bulk permittivity with increasing pressure in the Pnma phase is caused by the pressure-induced enhancement of electron localization around O atoms, which limits the polarization of Nb-O electric dipoles.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

The enhanced spontaneous dielectric polarization in Ga doped CuFeO{sub 2}

The magnetic and dielectric polarization properties of the single crystal samples of CuFe{sub 1−x}Ga{sub x}O{sub 2} (x = 0 and 0.02) are investigated. Experimental results show that the magnetization and dielectric polarizations are anisotropy and coupled together. Compared with pure CuFeO{sub 2}, in the case with the magnetic field parallel to the c axis, a field-induced phase transition with a hysteresis is clearly observed between the five-sublattice (5SL) and three-sublattice (3SL) phases. Specially, an obvious spontaneous dielectric polarization is observed in CuFe{sub 0.98}Ga{sub 0.02}O{sub 2} in a lower magnetic field region, indicating that the Ga doping has an effect on the enhancement of spontaneous dielectric polarization. Based on the dilution effect, change of exchange interaction, and partial release of the spin frustration due to the structural modulation of the Ga ion dopant, the origin of the magnetization, and spontaneous polarization characteristics are discussed and the complete dielectric polarization diagrams are assumed.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2011

A quaternary lead based perovskite structured materials with diffuse phase transition behavior

Graphical abstract: (a) Curie-Weiss plot for the inverse of the relative dielectric permittivity and (b) log (1/{epsilon} - 1/{epsilon}{sub m}) as function of log (T - T{sub m}) for ceramics at 1 kHz. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Retaining phase pure structure with quaternary complex stoichiometric compositions. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer P-E loops with good saturation polarization (P{sub s} {approx} 30.7 {mu}C/cm{sup 2}). Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Diffused relaxor phase transition behavior with {gamma} estimated is {approx}1.65. -- Abstract: A lead based quaternary compound composed of 0.25(PbZr{sub 0.52}Ti{sub 0.48}O{sub 3}) + 0.25(PbFe{sub 0.5}Ta{sub 0.5}O{sub 3}) + 0.25 (PbF{sub 0.67}W{sub 0.33}O{sub 3}) + 0.25(PbFe{sub 0.5}Nb{sub 0.5}O{sub 3}) - (PZT-PFT-PFW-PFN) was synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction techniques. It showed moderate high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and two diffuse phase transitions, one below the room temperature {approx}261 K and other above {approx}410 K. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed a tetragonal crystal structure at room temperature where as scanning electron micrograph (SEM) indicates inhomogeneous surface with an average grain size of 500 nm-3 {mu}m. Well saturated ferroelectric hysteresis loops with good saturation polarization (spontaneous polarization, P{sub s} {approx} 30.68 {mu}C/cm{sup 2}) were observed. Temperature-dependent ac conductivity displayed low conductivity with kink in spectra near the phase transition. In continuing search for developing new ferroelectric materials, in the present study we report stoichiometric compositions of complex perovskite ceramic materials: (PZT-PFT-PFW-PFN) with diffuse phase transition behavior. The crystal structure, dielectric properties, and ferroelectric properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, dielectric spectroscopy, and polarization. 1/{epsilon} versus (T) plots revealed diffuse relaxor phase transition (DPT) behavior. The compositional variation on the phase transition temperature, dielectric constant, and ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transitions are discussed.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Great reduction of loss at high electric field in the polyvinylidene fluoride/aromatic polythiourea blend films along with an irreversible phase transition

In this paper, the polarization response of dielectric blend based on the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and aromatic polythiourea (ArPTU) was investigated. It is found that the conduction loss at high field has been reduced 2–4 times along with an interesting irreversible transition under high electric field. The loss at 700 MV/m can be kept below 20%, which is better than most other polar dielectric polymers. It is proved that the transition is a phase change from glass phase to polar β phase at a critical field. And the highly polar thiourea groups of ArPTU can act as traps for the electrons, reduce conduction loss greatly and prevent dielectric breakdown by stabilizing the electron energy.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Magnetic, dielectric, and magnetoelectric properties in Sr{sub 2}CoGe{sub 2}O{sub 7}

We investigate the magnetoelectric effect in Sr{sub 2}CoGe{sub 2}O{sub 7}, which has a two-dimensional magnetic interaction between Co ions in the ab plane. This compound shows a weak magnetism and field-induced magnetic transition below the temperature of 7 K. It does not exhibit electric polarization under zero magnetic field. However, by applying an external magnetic field, the electric polarization is induced around its Néel temperature and increases with increasing magnetic field. The induced electric polarization in Sr{sub 2}CoGe{sub 2}O{sub 7} is almost two orders of magnitude smaller than that of Ba{sub 2}CoGe{sub 2}O{sub 7}. This result suggests that the different ionic radius of the strontium and the barium anion plays a key role in determining the property of electric polarization. The origins of electric polarization and magnetoelectric effect are discussed.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

On Inhomogeneous Polarized States near the Phase Transition Point in a Thin Ferroelectric Film

It is shown in terms of the phenomenological Landau theory of phase transitions that a phase transition to an inhomogeneous polar phase preceding in temperature a phase transition to a homogeneous polar state is possible. As a result of solving a boundary eigenvalue problem for the polarization equilibrium equation and electrostatics equations, wave vector k{sub ⊥} characterizing the inhomogeneous phase has been determined and the temperature boundaries of its existence in the dependence on the film thickness and its surface properties have been found.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2019

Director and Spontaneous Polarization Fluctuations in Ferroelectric Smectic-C* Cells

The correlation function of the director fluctuations in a plane-parallel smectic-C* cell with a bookshelf structure is calculated far from phase transition points. The free energy takes into account the anisotropy of the Coulomb interaction of the bound charges induced by spontaneous polarization fluctuations. This correlation function of the director fluctuations is used to calculate the scattered light intensity. Taking into account the anisotropy of the permittivity in the Coulomb interaction of bound charges is shown to change a scattering indicatrix substantially.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2011

Dipolar bosons on an optical lattice ring

We consider an ultrasmall system of polarized bosons on an optical lattice with a ring topology, interacting via long-range dipole-dipole interactions. Dipoles polarized perpendicular to the plane of the ring reveal sharp transitions between different density-wave phases. As the strength of the dipolar interactions is varied, the behavior of the transitions is first-order-like. For dipoles polarized in the plane of the ring, the transitions between possible phases show pronounced sensitivity to the lattice depth. The abundance of possible configurations may be useful for quantum-information applications.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2017

Fixed target project AFTER at the LHC beams for heavy ion and hadron physics

High intensity proton and lead ion beams at the LHC collider allow one to use the beam halo by placing a fixed target or a bent crystal for beam extraction. The particle energy in this case is just half that at the RHIC collider, but the luminosity exceeds the collider luminosity many times. It is also possible to install a polarized target in the extracted beam. The project AFTER is aimed at investigation of rare processes, polarization phenomena, determination of the parameters required for analysis of cosmic rays and neutrino astrophysics, detailed investigation of quarkonia production and suppression depending on the phase transition of matter to the quark-gluon phase.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Composition and temperature dependence of ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties of (1 − x)[PMN–PT(65/35)]–xPZ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) ceramics

Highlights: • PMN–PT–PZ ceramics with PZ content smaller than 0.10 mol% were synthesized. • T{sub rt} of the PMN–PT–PZ ceramics increased linearly with the increase of PZ constant. • A mutation of the ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties was observed near T{sub rt}. - Abstract: (1 − x)[Pb(Mg{sub 1/3}Nb{sub 2/3})O{sub 3}–PbTiO{sub 3} (65/35)]–xPbZrO{sub 3} (PMN–PT–PZ) ceramics near morphotropic phase boundary with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10 were synthesized via the conventional solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and variable temperature dielectric property characterization indicated that the rhombohedral to tetragonal phase transition temperature (T{sub rt}) increased linearly with the increase of PZ constant. The composition and temperature dependence of their ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties were also investigated. The results showed that there appeared mutation for remnant polarization, coercive field, as well as pyroelectric coefficient at the temperate range near T{sub rt}, which was ascribed to the reorientation of dipoles caused by the rhombohedral–tetragonal phase transition.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Improving of the electrical and magnetic properties of BiFeO{sub 3} by doping with yttrium

Bismuth ferrite is one of the most promising multiferroic materials, and the main barriers for exploiting all of its specific properties are difficulties in obtaining pure, high resistive material with nanosized grains. Doping of BiFeO{sub 3} with different transition metals and rare earth elements is often used way for overcoming these obstacles. Yttrium doped bismuth ferrite, Bi{sub 1−x}Y{sub x}FeO{sub 3} (x = 0; 0.01; 0.03; 0.05; 0.1), was prepared by auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction patterns and Raman results showed that partial phase transition from rhombohedral to orthorhombic structure took place at around 10 mol% of Y. Effect of Y doping on microstructure was studied from SEM micrographies, showing the reduction of grain size in doped samples. Electrical measurements showed continuous improvement of resistivity with Y doping, whereas the values of saturation and remnant polarizations exhibit maximums at around 5 mol% of Y. Yttrium doping also enhanced magnetic properties, leading to weak ferromagnetism.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Evidence of large magneto-dielectric effect coupled to a metamagnetic transition in Yb{sub 2}CoMnO{sub 6}

The double perovskite Yb{sub 2}CoMnO{sub 6} has been synthesized with an almost perfect checkerboard arrangement of Co{sup 2+} and Mn{sup 4+} cations in the B-sublattice of the perovskite cell. It presents an anomaly in the electric capacitance and a strong magneto-dielectric effect at about 40 K whose interplay with the microscopic magnetic behavior has been investigated by means of neutron diffraction, magnetization, pyroelectric, and relative dielectric permittivity measurements. We show that the onset of an E-type antiferromagnetic ordering of Co{sup 2+} and Mn{sup 4+} moments monitored by neutron diffraction provokes the noticeable jump of the relative dielectric permittivity (∼9%) at about 40 K. It is also shown that this jump can be totally suppressed by application of a magnetic field of μ{sub 0}H = 5 T. Neutron experiments and magnetic measurements confirm that such a suppression leading to a significant magneto-dielectric effect is driven by a metamagnetic phase transition from the peculiar E-type ordering of 3d moments into a collinear ferromagnetic order. Pyroelectric current measurements do not show any spontaneous electric polarization, so the large dielectric anomaly at zero field cannot be ascribed to a ferroelectric ordering.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Synthesis, microstructure and dielectric properties of zirconium doped barium titanate

We report on synthesis, microstructural and relaxor ferroelectric properties of Zirconium(Zr) doped Barium Titanate (BT) samples with general formula Ba(Ti{sub 1-x}Zr{sub x})O{sub 3} (x=0.20, 0.35). These lead-free ceramics were prepared by solid state reaction route. The phase transition behavior and temperature dependent dielectric properties and composition dependent ferroelectric properties were investigated. XRD analysis at room temperature confirms phase purity of the samples. SEM observations revealed retarded grain growth with increasing Zr mole fraction. Dielectric properties of BZT ceramics is influenced significantly by small addition of Zr mole fraction. With increasing Zr mole fraction, dielectric constant decreases while FWHM and frequency dispersion increases. Polarization vs electric field hysteresis measurements reveal ferroelectric relaxor phase at room temperature. The advantages of such substitution maneuvering towards optimizing ferroelectric properties of BaTiO{sub 3} are discussed.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Microstructural evolution in NaNbO{sub 3}-based antiferroelectrics

Our recent study found that CaZrO{sub 3} doping can effectively enhance the antiferroelectric P phase in NaNbO{sub 3} ceramics, leading to a double polarization hysteresis loop characteristic of a reversible antiferroelectric ↔ ferroelectric phase transition [Shimizu et al., Dalton Trans. 44, 10763 (2015)]. Here, a thorough transmission electron microscope study was performed to illustrate the CaZrO{sub 3} doping-assisted antiferroelectricity stabilization. In parallel to the bright-field imaging and selected area electron diffraction from multiple zone axes, detailed dark-field imaging was utilized to determine the superlattice structural origins, from either oxygen octahedral tilting or antiparallel cation displacements. By analogy with Pb(Zr{sub 1−x}Ti{sub x})O{sub 3} and rare-earth doped BiFeO{sub 3} systems, the chemical substitutions are such as to an induced polar-to-antipolar transition that is consistent with a tolerance factor reduction. The resultant chemical pressure has a similar effect to the compressive hydrostatic pressure where the antiferroelectric state is favored over the ferroelectric state.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

Temperature dependent near infrared ultraviolet range dielectric functions of nanocrystalline (Na{sub 0.5}Bi{sub 0.5}){sub 1−x}Ce{sub x}(Ti{sub 0.99}Fe{sub 0.01})O{sub 3} films

Optical properties and phase transition of Ce-modified (Na{sub 0.5}Bi{sub 0.5})(Ti{sub 0.99}Fe{sub 0.01})O{sub 3} nanocrystalline films have been investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry from −70 to 500 °C. Temperature dependent dielectric functions in the photon energy range of 0.6–6.4 eV can be derived by the Tauc-Lorentz model. It was found that the features in dielectric function (ε) showed an abrupt variation near 200 and 340 °C, respectively. The phenomena can be explained by the appearance and/or reversal of polarization. It indicates that ferroelectric (rhombohedral) to paraelectric (tetragonal) phase transition is related to electronic band variation, which is observed by this technique.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Ferromagnetic-nonmagnetic and metal-insulator phase transitions at the interfaces of KTaO{sub 3} and PbTiO{sub 3}

We studied the electronic and magnetic properties of hole doped KTaO{sub 3}/PbTiO{sub 3} interface using density functional theory methods. Ferromagnetic-nonmagnetic phase transition and metal-insulator phase transition occur simultaneously at the interface with ferroelectric polarization reversal. Furthermore, these two transitions are coupled with each other because hole doping with large concentration of holes gives rise to ferromagnetism. The interfacial magnetization, which is proportional to hole concentration at the interface, can be tuned by ferroelectric polarization, leading to strong intrinsic magnetoelectric effect at the interface of originally nonmagnetic KTaO{sub 3} and PbTiO{sub 3}.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Electronic, mechanical and dielectric properties of silicane under tensile strain

The electronic, mechanical and dielectric properties of fully hydrogenated silicene i.e. silicane in stable configuration are studied by means of density functional theory based calculations. The band gap of silicane monolayer can be flexibly reduced to zero when subjected to bi-axial tensile strain, leading to semi-conducting to metallic transition, whereas the static dielectric constant for in-plane polarization increases monotonically with increasing strain. Also the EEL function show the red shift in resonance peak with tensile strain. Our results offer useful insight for the application of silicane monolayer in nano-optical and electronics devices.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗