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Results for “RADIATION PRESSURE”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

The solar radiation pressure on the Mariner 9 Mars orbiter

The refined mathematical model of the force created by the light pressure of the Sun was used to compute the solar radiation pressure force acting on the Mariner 9 (Mariner Mars 1971) spacecraft, taking into account the reflectivity characteristics of all its components. The results were compared with values obtained from Mariner 9 observations during the cruise phase and found to be in agreement within 0.1% of the values.

Georgevic, R. M.↗
NASA NTRS1977

The origin of stellar winds - Subatmospheric nonthermal storage modes versus radiation pressure

Most current models of matter-flux in hot stars place its origin in radiation pressure, and then model the flow explicitly to produce no chromosphere-corona. Our model of the stellar atmosphere as a transition zone between stellar interior and interstellar medium places the origin of matter-flux, chromosphere-corona, and spectral 'emission classes' in subatmospheric nonthermal kinetic energy storage, equally for all stars, hot or cold. Current observations of both hot and cold stars suggest chromospheres to be a universal phenomenon, correlated with matter-fluxes, and enhanced in 'emission-class' stars. To clarify the difference between the two kinds of models above, we reformulate the wind-tunnel analogy to stellar winds, suggesting that stars satisfy an 'imperfect,' rather than 'perfect,' such model; i.e., transonic shocks occur before the throat, corresponding to an imposed outward velocity in the storage section, or subatmosphere. We then investigate the stability of an arbitrary stellar atmosphere, hot or cold, to suggest a cause for such an outward subatmospheric velocity.

Cannon, C. J.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Geocoronal structure - The effects of solar radiation pressure and the plasmasphere interaction

The theory of planetary exospheres is extended to incorporate solar radiation pressure in a rigorous manner, and an evaporative geocoronal prototype (classical, motionless exobase) is constructed using Liouville's theorem. Model calculations for density and kinetic temperature at points along the earth-sun axis (solar and antisolar directions) reveal an extensive satellite component, comprising approximately 2/3 of the total hydrogen density near 10 earth radii, and a temperature profile suggestive of an isotropic quasi-Maxwellian velocity distribution for the bound component. A geotail is also evident as an enhancement of the density at local midnight compared to local noon that increases outward (from approximately 25 percent at 10 earth radii to over 60 percent at 20 earth radii). Additional mechanisms acting upon the geocorona alter the basic evaporative case in notable ways. Solar ionization has been included in a simple fashion; the effect is to partially deplete the density without otherwise altering the structure. Interaction with a simple plasmasphere via the Boltzmann equation results in 'heating' the geocorona and enhancing the escape flux at the expense of the density of the bound component, an effect not appreciated in earlier studies; the geotail survives this interaction.

Bishop, J.↗
NASA NTRS1973

The solar radiation pressure on the Mariner 9 Mars orbiter.

The refined mathematical model of the force created by the light pressure of the sun has been used to compute the solar radiation pressure force acting on the Mariner 9 (Mariner Mars 1971) spacecraft, taking into account the reflectivity characteristics of all its components. The results have been compared with values obtained from Mariner 9 observations during the cruise phase and are found to be in agreement within 0.1% of the values.

Georgevic, R. M.↗
NASA NTRS1973

The solar radiation pressure on the Mariner 9 Mars orbiter

The refined mathematical model of the force created by the light pressure of the sun has been used to compute the solar radiation pressure force acting on the Mariner 9 (Mariner Mars 1971) spacecraft, taking into account the reflectivity characteristics of all its components. The results have been compared with values obtained from Mariner 9 observations during the cruise phase and are found to be in agreement within 0.1% of the values.

Georgevic, R. M.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Effects of solar radiation pressure torque on the rotational motion of an artificial satellite

The motion of an artificial satellite about its center of mass is studied considering torques due to the gravity gradient and direct solar radiation pressure. A model for direct solar radiation torque is derived for a circular cylindrical satellite. An analytical solution is obtained by the method of variation of the parameters. This solution shows that the angular variables have secular variation but that the modulus of the rotational angular momentum, the projection of rotational angular momentum on the z axis of the moment of inertia and inertial axis z, suffer only periodic variations. Considering a hypothetical artificial satellite, a numerical application is demonstrated.

Zanardi, Maria Cecilia F. P. S.↗
NASA NTRS1990

A new treatment of the albedo radiation pressure in the case of a uniform albedo and of a spherical satellite

The purpose of this paper is to present a model for the radiation pressure acceleration of a spherical satellite, due to the radiation reflected by a planet with a uniform albedo. A particular choice of variables allows one to reduce the surface integrals over the lit portion of the planet visible to the satellite to one-dimensional integrals. Exact analytical expressions are found for the integrals corresponding to the case where the spacecraft does not 'see' the terminator. The other integrals can be computer either numerically, or analytical in an approximate form. The results are compared with those of Lochry (1966). The model is applied to Magellan, a spacecraft orbiting Venus.

Borderies, Nicole↗
NASA NTRS1979

Analysis of solar radiation pressure induced coupled librations of a gravity stabilized axisymmetric satellite

This paper presents an analysis of solar radiation pressure induced coupled librations of gravity stabilized cylindrical spacecraft with a special reference to geostationary communication satellites. The Lagrangian approach is used to obtain the corresponding equations of motion. The solar induced torques are assumed to be free of librational angles and are represented by their Fourier expansion. The response and periodic solutions are obtained through linear and nonlinear analyses, using the method of harmonic balance in the latter case. The stability conditions are obtained using Routh-Hurwitz criteria. To establish the ranges of validity the analytic response is compared with the numerical solution. Finally, values of the system parameters are suggested to make the satellite behave as desired. Among these is a possible approach to subdue the solar induced roll resonance. It is felt that the approximate analysis presented here should significantly reduce the computational efforts involved in the design and stability analysis of the systems.

Shrivastava, S. K.↗
NASA NTRS1997

Manipulating Liquids with Acoustic Radiation Pressure

At the NASA Lewis Research Center, high-intensity ultrasound is being used to create acoustic radiation pressure (ARP) on objects in liquids. It is also being used to create liquid currents or jets called acoustic streaming. NASA's interest in ARP includes remote-control agitation of liquid systems in space, such as in liquid space experiments and liquid propellant tanks. It can be used to eject or deploy droplets for droplet physics or droplet combustion experiments. It can also be used to manipulate bubbles, drops, and surfaces suspended in liquid experiments and propellant systems.

Oeftering, Richard C.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Resonances, radiation pressure and optical scattering phenomena of drops and bubbles

Acoustic levitation and the response of fluid spheres to spherical harmonic projections of the radiation pressure are described. Simplified discussions of the projections are given. A relationship between the tangential radiation stress and the Konstantinov effect is introduced and fundamental streaming patterns for drops are predicted. Experiments on the forced shape oscillation of drops are described and photographs of drop fission are displayed. Photographs of critical angle and glory scattering by bubbles and rainbow scattering by drops are displayed.

Marston, P. L.↗
NASA NTRS2024

Simulation Modeling of an Earth Entry System and Solar Radiation Pressure Module Development

Several trajectory simulation tools are used to model different phases of the Approach, Entry, Descent and Landing (AEDL) phase of NASA’s Mars Sample Return Campaign. Working towards a single simulation tool that models all AEDL phases, this project utilizes Program to Optimize Simulated Trajectories II to simulate the 72-hour exoatmospheric phase of AEDL up till the point of Earth atmospheric entry. This involves developing a new feature forPOST2 that captures the forces and moments caused by solar radiation pressure(SRP). Generalizing the vehicle geometry as a combination of primitive shapes, a generalized SRP module was created and implemented into POST2. Trajectory solutions produced by POST2 were then successfully compared against independent solutions produced by the trajectory tool 42.

Program to Optimize Simulated Trajectories II↗
NASA NTRS1984

Orientation and shape-control of an orbiting flexible beam under the influence of solar radiation pressure

In this paper, the uncontrolled and controlled dynamics of a thin flexible beam in orbit and in the presence of solar radiation disturbance are analyzed. A beam nominally oriented along (i) the local horizontal and carrying a gimballed rigid dumbbell for gravity stabilization, and (ii) a beam nominally oriented along the local vertical are considered. The uncontrolled dynamics of the beam in the presence of the solar radiation pressure disturbance shows the excitation of the rigid pitch mode. The control laws previously designed for the case where the environmental effects were neglected, are found to be inadequate to control the shape and orientation of very flexible beams that are exposed to solar radiation disturbances. The control laws and the gain parameters are reevaluated for both cases of nominal beam orientations; this results, in general, in increased robustness of the closed-loop system. Methods of obtaining a robust control system in the presence of environmental perturbations are discussed.

Krishna, R.↗
NASA NTRS1998

Using Solar Radiation Pressure to Control L2 Orbits

The main perturbations at the Sun-Earth Lagrange points L1 and L2 are from solar radiation pressure (SRP), the Moon and the planets. Traditional approaches to trajectory design for Lagrange-point orbits use maneuvers every few months to correct for these perturbations. The gravitational effects of the Moon and the planets are small and periodic. However, they cannot be neglected because small perturbations in the direction of the unstable eigenvector are enough to cause exponential growth within a few months. The main effect of a constant SRP is to shift the center of the orbit by a small distance. For spacecraft with large sun-shields like the Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) and the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST), the SRP effect is larger than all other perturbations and depends mostly on spacecraft attitude. Small variations in the spacecraft attitude are large enough to excite or control the exponential eigenvector. A closed-loop linear controller based on the SRP variations would eliminate one of the largest errors to the orbit and provide a continuous acceleration for use in controlling other disturbances. It is possible to design reference trajectories that account for the periodic lunar and planetary perturbations and still satisfy mission requirements. When such trajectories are used the acceleration required to control the unstable eigenvector is well within the capabilities of a continuous linear controller. Initial estimates show that by using attitude control it should be possible to minimize and even eliminate thruster maneuvers for station keeping.

Tene, Noam↗
NASA NTRS1995

Radiation Pressure, Poynting-Robertson Drag, and Solar Wind Drag in the Restricted Three-Body Problem

In this paper, we examine the effects of radiation pressure, Poynting-Robertson (PR) drag, and solar wind drag on dust grains trapped in mean motion resonances with the Sun and Jupiter in the restricted (negligible dust mass) three-body Problem. We especially examine the evolution of dust grains in the 1:1 resonance. As a first step, the Sun and Jupiter are idealized to both be in circular orbit about a common center of mass (circular restricted three-body problem). From the equation of motion of the dust particle in the rotating reference frame, the drag-induced time rate of change of its Jacobi "constant," C, is then derived and expressed in spherical coordinates. This new mathematical expression in spherical coordinates shows that C, in the 1:1 resonance, both oscillates and secularly increases with increasing time. The new expression gives rise to an easy understanding of how an orbit evolves when the radiation force and solar wind drag are included. All dust grain orbits are unstable in time when PR and solar wind drag are included in the Sun-Jupiter-dust system. Tadpole orbits evolve into horseshoe orbits; and these orbits continuously expand in size to lead to close encounters with Jupiter. Permanent trapping is impossible. Orbital evolutions of a dust grain trapped in the 1:1 resonance in the planar circular, an inclined case, an eccentric case, and the actual Sun-Jupiter case are numerically simulated and compared with each other and show grossly similar time behavior. Resonances other than 1:1 are also explored with the new expression. Stable exterior resonance trapping may be possible under certain conditions. One necessary condition for such a trap is derived. Trapping in interior resonances is shown to be always unstable.

Liou, Jer-Chyi↗
NASA NTRS1980

Direct solar and earth-albedo radiation pressure effects on the orbit of Pageos 1

The orbit of the Pageos 1 balloon satellite was analyzed for the effects of direct solar and albedo radiation pressure. Anomalous behavior occurred in the orbital acceleration near the end of the 2nd year of the satellite's lifetime which may have resulted from the change in its shape; the shape has become slightly oblate, spinning about a minor axis and precessing about the direction of the sun. The near-earth micrometeoroid particle flux was estimated to be 5 x 10 to the -8th/sq cm/s by analyzing the balloon inflation process with sublimating compounds and the resulting variation of the satellite mass due to the leakage through the holes produced by micrometeoroid bombardment.

Zerbini, S.↗