The law relating to activities of man in space, chapters 1-4 Final report
National and international law relating to artificial bodies, space stations, and men in outer space
Lay, S. H.↗
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Predicted torque equilibrium attitude utilization for Space Station attitude control
An approximate knowledge of the torque equilibrium attitude (TEA) is shown to improve the performance of a control moment gyroscope (CMG) momentum management/attitude control law for Space Station Freedom. The linearized equations of motion are used in conjunction with a state transformation to obtain a control law which uses full state feedback and the predicted TEA to minimize both attitude excursions and CMG peak and secular momentum. The TEA can be computationally determined either by observing the steady state attitude of a 'controlled' spacecraft using arbitrary initial attitude, or by simulating a fixed attitude spacecraft flying in desired orbit subject to realistic environmental disturbance models.
Kumar, Renjith R.↗
A control law for double-gimbaled control moment gyros used for space vehicle attitude control
Control law for double-gimbaled control moment gyros used for space vehicle attitude control
Kennel, H. F.↗
One-dimensional space-charge theory. I - Generalization.
Space charge theory of one-dimensional, monoenergetic, unipolar and bipolar currents traversing on otherwise evacuated space between infinite plane parallel electrodes
CHARGE DISTRIBUTION↗
Speed Control Law for Precision Terminal Area In-Trail Self Spacing
This document describes a speed control law for precision in-trail airborne self-spacing during final approach. This control law was designed to provide an operationally viable means to obtain a desired runway threshold crossing time or minimum distance, one aircraft relative to another. The control law compensates for dissimilar final approach speeds between aircraft pairs and provides guidance for a stable final approach. This algorithm has been extensively tested in Monte Carlo simulation and has been evaluated in piloted simulation, with preliminary results indicating acceptability from operational and workload standpoints.
Abbott, Terence S.↗
Convergence of generalized MUSCL schemes
Semi-discrete generalizations of the second order extension of Godunov's scheme, known as the MUSCL scheme, are constructed, starting with any three point ""E" scheme. They are used to approximate scalar conservation laws in one space dimension. For convex conservation laws, each member of a wide class is proven to be a convergent approximation to the correct physical solution. Comparison with another class of high resolution convergent schemes is made.
Osher, S.↗
Convergence of generalized MUSCL schemes
Semi-discrete generalizations of the second order extension of Godunov's scheme, known as the MUSCL scheme, are constructed, starting with any three point E scheme. They are used to approximate scalar conservation laws in one space dimension. For convex conservation laws, each member of a wide class is proven to be a convergent approximation to the correct physical solution. Comparison with another class of high resolution convergent schemes is made.
Osher, S.↗
Support for International Space University?s (ISU) 2003 Summer Session Program and the Theme Day on ?Living and Working in Space?
The 2003 Summer Session Program of the International Space University (ISU) was conducted at the ISU Central Campus in Strasbourg, France, July 5-September 6, 2003. Attending the Summer Session were 114 students from 27 countries including the US. The International Space University (ISU) offers its students a unique and comprehensive educational package covering all disciplines related to space programs and enterprises - space science, space engineering, systems engineering, space policy and law, business and management, and space and society. By providing international graduate students and young space professionals both an intensive interdisciplinary curriculum and also the opportunity to solve complex problems together in an intercultural environment, ISU is preparing the future leaders of the emerging global space community. Since its founding in 1988, ISU has graduated more than 2200 students from 87 countries. Together with hundreds of ISU faculty and lecturers from around the world, ISU alumni comprise an extremely effective network of space professionals and leaders that actively facilitates individual career growth, professional activities and international space cooperation. ISU's interdisciplinary Student Theme Days and Student Workshops are intended to have great educational value for the participants. Along with the interdisciplinary Core Lectures, they apprise the students of state-of-the-art activities, programs and policies in spacefaring nations. They also provide ISU students the opportunity to meet world experts in space-related subjects.
Finarelli, Margaret G.↗
Numerical approximations to nonlinear conservation laws with locally varying time and space grids
Numerical approximations to the initial value problem for nonlinear systems of conservation laws are considered. The considered system is said to be hyperbolic when all eigenvalues of every real linear combination of the Jacobian matrices are real. Solutions may develop discontinuities in finite time, even when the initial data are smooth. In the investigation, explicit finite difference methods which use locally varying time grids are considered. The global CFL restriction is replaced by a local restriction. The numerical flux function is studied from a finite volume viewpoint, and a differencing technique is developed at interface points between regions of distinct time increments.
Osher, S.↗
Comparison of Low-Thrust Control Laws for Application in Planetocentric Space
Recent interest at NASA for the application of solar electric propulsion for the transfer of significant payloads in cislunar space has led to the development of high-fidelity simulations of such missions. With such transfers involving transfer times on the order of months, simulation time can be significant. In the past, the examination of such missions typically began with the use of lower-fidelity trajectory optimization tools such as SEPSPOT to develop and tune guidance laws which delivered optimal or near- optimal trajectories, where optimal is generally defined as minimizing propellant expenditure or time of flight. The transfer of these solutions to a high-fidelity simulation is typically an iterative process whereby the initial solution may nearly, but not precisely, meet mission objectives. Further tuning of the guidance algorithm is typically necessary when accounting for high-fidelity perturbations such as those due to more detailed gravity models, secondary-body effects, solar radiation pressure, etc. While trajectory optimization is a useful method for determining optimal performance metrics, algorithms which deliver nearly optimal performance with minimal tuning are an attractive alternative.
SOLAR ELECTRIC PROPULSION↗
Space Geodesy Monitoring Mass Transport in Global Geophysical Fluids
Mass transports occurring in the atmosphere-hydrosphere-cryosphere-solid Earth-core system (the 'global geophysical fluids') are important geophysical phenomena. They occur on all temporal and spatial scales. Examples include air mass and ocean circulations, oceanic and solid tides, hydrological water and idsnow redistribution, mantle processes such as post-glacial rebound, earthquakes and tectonic motions, and core geodynamo activities. The temporal history and spatial pattern of such mass transport are often not amenable to direct observations. Space geodesy techniques, however, have proven to be an effective tool in monitorihg certain direct consequences of the mass transport, including Earth's rotation variations, gravitational field variations, and the geocenter motion. Considerable advances have been made in recent years in observing and understanding of these geodynamic effects. This paper will use several prominent examples to illustrate the triumphs in research over the past years under a 'Moore's law' in space geodesy. New space missions and projects promise to further advance our knowledge about the global mass transports. The latter contributes to our understanding of the geophysical processes that produce and regulate the mass transports, as well as of the solid Earth's response to such changes in terms of Earth's mechanical properties.
Chao, Benjamin F.↗
Space radiation electrostatic shielding scaling laws: Beam-like and isotropic angular distributions
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R. Pal Chowdhury↗
CAN THE ANTARCTIC TREATY POINT TO A TREATY IN OUTER SPACE
Possibility of the antarctic treaty serving as a model for an outer space treaty
SPACE LAW↗
Modelling of spacecraft under random loading
Modeling laws for space vehicles under random dynamic loading
SPACE VEHICLE↗
International cooperation in space.
Text on international cooperation in space, institutions involved and technical and political constraints
COSPAR↗
Accommodation of practical constraints by a linear programming jet select
An experimental spacecraft control system will be incorporated into the Space Shuttle flight software and exercised during a forthcoming mission to evaluate its performance and handling qualities. The control system incorporates a 'phase space' control law to generate rate change requests and a linear programming jet select to compute jet firings. Posed as a linear programming problem, jet selection must represent the rate change request as a linear combination of jet acceleration vectors where the coefficients are the jet firing times, while minimizing the fuel expended in satisfying that request. This problem is solved in real time using a revised Simplex algorithm. In order to implement the jet selection algorithm in the Shuttle flight control computer, it was modified to accommodate certain practical features of the Shuttle such as limited computer throughput, lengthy firing times, and a large number of control jets. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first such application of linear programming. It was made possible by careful consideration of the jet selection problem in terms of the properties of linear programming and the Simplex algorithm. These modifications to the jet select algorithm may by useful for the design of reaction controlled spacecraft.
Bergmann, E.↗
Synthesis of control laws for optimally designed large space structures
In this study, the vibration control of large space structures using the linear quadratic regulator technique is investigated. Emphasis is made on the control of both optimally designed structures and also the original (uniform) structures using the cantilever beam as an example. The open loop and closed loop eigenvalues are compared and the transient responses are obtained to determine the effectiveness of the control system design.
Satyanarayana, K.↗
ISLES: Probing Extra Dimensions Using a Superconducting Accelerometer
In string theories, extra dimensions must be compactified. The possibility that gravity can have large radii of compactification leads to a violation of the inverse square law at submillimeter distances. The objective of ISLES is to perform a null test of Newton s law in space with a resolution of one part in 10(exp 5) or better at 100 microns. The experiment will be cooled to less than or equal to 2 K, which permits superconducting magnetic levitation of the test masses. To minimize Newtonian errors, ISLES employs a near null source, a circular disk of large diameter-to-thickness ratio. Two test masses, also disk-shaped, are suspended on the two sides of the source mass at a nominal distance of 100 microns. The signal is detected by a superconducting differential accelerometer. A ground test apparatus is under construction.
Paik, Ho Jung↗