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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

Resurgence and holomorphy: From weak to strong coupling

We analyze the resurgence properties of finite-dimensional exponential integrals which are prototypes for partition functions in quantum field theories. In these simple examples, we demonstrate that perturbation theory, even at arbitrarily weak coupling, fails as the argument of the coupling constant is varied. It is well-known that perturbation theory also fails at stronger coupling. We show that these two failures are actually intimately related. The formalism of resurgent transseries, which takes into account global analytic continuation properties, fixes both problems and provides an arbitrarily accurate description of exact result for any value of coupling. This means that strong coupling results can be deduced by using merely weak coupling data. Finally, we give another perspective on resurgence theory by showing that the monodromy properties of the weak coupling results are in precise agreement with the monodromy properties of the strong-coupling expansions, obtained using analysis of the holomorphy structure of Picard-Fuchs equations.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
NASA NTRS1980

Navier-Stokes calculations with a coupled strongly implicit method. II Spline deferred-corrector solutions

The coupled strongly implicit (CSIP) method described previously is combined with a deferred-corrector spline solver for the vorticity-stream function form of the Navier-Stokes equations. Solutions for cavity, channel and cylinder flows are obtained with the fourth-order spline 4 procedure. The strongly coupled spline corrector method converges as rapidly as the finite difference calculations and also allows for arbitrary large time increments for the Reynolds numbers considered (equal to or less than 1000). In some cases fourth-order smoothing or filtering is required in order to suppress high frequency oscillations.

Rubin, S. G.↗
DOE OSTI2011

Chiral symmetry breaking in monolayer graphene by strong coupling expansion of compact and non-compact U(1) lattice gauge theories

Research Highlights: > Monolayer graphene is treated by strong coupling expansion of lattice gauge theory. > Spontaneous gap generation is shown in the strong coupling regime. > Results from compact and non-compact gauge formulations are compared. > Dispersion relation of the collective excitations are derived. - Abstract: Due to effective enhancement of the Coulomb coupling strength in the vacuum-suspended graphene, the system may turn from a semimetal into an insulator by the formation of a gap in the fermionic spectrum. This phenomenon is analogous to the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in the strong-coupling relativistic field theories. We study this 'chiral symmetry breaking' and associated collective excitations on graphene in the strong coupling regime by taking U(1) lattice gauge theory as an effective model for graphene. Both compact and non-compact formulations of the U(1) gauge action show chiral symmetry breaking with equal magnitude of the chiral condensate (exciton condensate) in the strong coupling limit, while they start to deviate from the next-to-leading order in the strong coupling expansion. Phase and amplitude fluctuations of the order parameter are also investigated: in particular, a mass formula for the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone mode ({pi}-exciton), which is analogous to Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation for the pion in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), is derived from the axial Ward-Takahashi identity. To check the applicability of the effective field theory description, typical energy scales of fermionic and bosonic excitations are estimated by identifying the lattice spacing of the U(1) gauge theory with that of the original honeycomb lattice of graphene.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Optimizing molecular light absorption in the strong coupling regime for solar energy harvesting

The strong coupling of optical absorbers (e.g., molecules or semiconductors) to confined photonic modes fundamentally alters the physical properties of the coupled system via the formation of hybrid light-matter states. One potential application of strong light-matter coupling relies on exploiting it to localize light-induced charge excitation processes to small volumes of material. Applications that would benefit from this localization include thin-film photovoltaics, photodetection, photocatalysis, and others, where the overall performance depends on the ability of a material to amplify light absorption (i.e., the formation of electron-hole pairs) within specific locations in space. This contribution investigates how strong light-matter coupling affects light absorption rates in molecular absorbers coupled to photonic nanostructures. Here, our results show that the molecular light absorption efficiencies are highest in configurations where the strongly coupled molecules interact directly with the incoming photon flux. We also identify a nonlinear dependence in the molecular absorption as a function of concentration, unique to the strongly coupled systems. Based on these results, we propose design principles for engineering nanostructured systems that allow for high efficiencies of charge carrier localization into strongly coupled absorbers.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2014

Dynamics of the longitudinal and transverse modes in presence of equilibrium shear flow in a strongly coupled dusty plasma

In strongly coupled limit the general hydrodynamic (GH) model shows that the dusty plasma, acquiring significant rigidity, is able to support the 'shear' like mode [P. K. Kaw and A. Sen, Phys. Plasmas 5, 3552 (1998)]. In presence of velocity shear, this shear like mode is coupled with the dust acoustic mode which is generated by the compressibility effect of the dust fluid due to the finite temperature of the dust, electron and ion fluids. Local dispersion shows the velocity shear is also responsible for the instabilities of the shear mode, acoustic mode, as well as the shear-acoustic coupled mode. The present work, carried out in GH visco-elastic formalism, also gives the clear insight of the instabilities of the coupled mode in non local regime with a hyperbolic tangent velocity shear profile over a finite width.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Exact propagating nonlinear singular disturbances in strongly coupled dusty plasmas

The dynamical response of the strongly coupled dusty plasma medium has recently been described by utilizing the Generalized Hydrodynamic (GHD) model equations. The GHD equations capture the visco-elastic properties of the medium and have been successful in predicting a host of phenomena (e.g., existence of novel transverse shear waves in the fluid medium, modification of longitudinal wave dispersion by elastic effects, etc.) which have found experimental confirmation. In this paper, the nonlinear longitudinal response of the medium governed by GHD equations in strong coupling limit is discussed analytically. The structure of the equations rules out the balance between dispersion and nonlinearity, thereby, forbidding soliton formation. However, a host of new varieties of nonlinear solutions are found to exist, which have singular spatial profiles and yet have conservative properties. For instance, existence of novel conservative shock structures with zero strength is demonstrated, waves whose breaking produces no dissipation in the medium are observed, propagating solutions which produce cusp like singularities can exist and so on. It is suggested that simulations and experiments should look for these novel nonlinear structures in the large amplitude strong coupling limit of longitudinal disturbances in dusty plasmas.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Multimode Strong Coupling in Cavity Optomechanics

Optomechanical systems show great potential as quantum transducers and information storage devices for use in future hybrid quantum networks. In this context, optomechanical strong coupling can enable efficient, high-bandwidth, and deterministic transfer of quantum states. While optomechanical strong coupling has been realized at optical frequencies, it has proven difficult to identify a robust optomechanical system that features the low loss and high coupling rates required for more sophisticated control of mechanical motion. In this paper, we demonstrate strong coupling in a Brillouin-based bulk cavity optomechanical system in both the single-mode and the multimode strong-coupling regime, which leads to a useful device both for applications in quantum information and for investigating decoherence phenomena in bulk acoustic wave resonators. Using nontrivial mode hybridizations in the strong-coupling regime, we create hybridized photonic-phononic modes with lifetimes that are significantly longer than those of the uncoupled system. This surprising lifetime enhancement, which results from the interference of decay channels, showcases the use of multimode strong coupling as a general strategy to control extrinsic decoherence mechanisms. Moreover, phonons supported by such bulk-acoustic-wave resonators have a collection of properties, including high frequencies, long coherence times, and robustness against thermal decoherence, that make this optomechanical system particularly enticing for applications such as quantum transduction and memories. Hence, this system provides access to phenomena in a previously unexplored regime of optomechanical interactions and could serve as an important building block for future quantum devices.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2019

Selective Kondo strong coupling in magnetic impurity flat-band lattices

The periodic Anderson impurity model on the Lieb lattice is studied by the slave-boson mean-field approximation in the strong interaction limit. The electron structure of conduction electrons on the Lieb lattice features both the band flatness and soft gap at low energy. With these features conduction electrons can form both the soft-gap and the molecular Kondo singlets with the magnetic impurities, and this leads to a competition between the soft-gap and the molecular Kondo effects in the lattice. We find a selective Kondo strong coupling, where at selected sites the magnetic impurities are strongly coupled to conduction electrons, and at the remaining sites they are decoupled from the lattice. The selective Kondo strong coupling occurs between the full local moment and the full strong coupling regimes, and it yields an effective lattice depletion. At low temperature the selection of the Kondo strong coupling is dominant at those lattice sites, where the local density of states of conduction electrons exhibits the flat-band feature, independently of the impurity parameters. Rich phase diagrams for different model parameters are obtained.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Suppression of Rayleigh Taylor instability in strongly coupled plasmas

The Rayleigh Taylor instability in a strongly coupled plasma medium has been investigated using the equations of generalized hydrodynamics. It is demonstrated that the visco-elasticity of the strongly coupled medium due to strong inter particle correlations leads to a suppression of the Rayleigh Taylor instability unless certain threshold conditions are met. The relevance of these results to experiments on laser compression of matter to high densities including those related to inertial confinement fusion using lasers has also been shown.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2010

Synchrotron radiation in strongly coupled conformal field theories

Using gauge/gravity duality, we compute the energy density and angular distribution of the power radiated by a quark undergoing circular motion in strongly coupled N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We compare the strong coupling results to those at weak coupling, finding them to be very similar. In both regimes, the angular distribution of the radiated power is in fact similar to that of synchrotron radiation produced by an electron in circular motion in classical electrodynamics: the quark emits radiation in a narrow beam along its velocity vector with a characteristic opening angle {alpha}{approx}1/{gamma}. To an observer far away from the quark, the emitted radiation appears as a short periodic burst, just like the light from a lighthouse does to a ship at sea. Our strong coupling results are valid for any strongly coupled conformal field theory with a dual classical gravity description.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Weak and strong coupling equilibration in nonabelian gauge theories

In this study, we present a direct comparison studying equilibration through kinetic theory at weak coupling and through holography at strong coupling in the same set-up. The set-up starts with a homogeneous thermal state, which then smoothly transitions through an out-of-equilibrium phase to an expanding system undergoing boost-invariant flow. This first apples-to-apples comparison of equilibration provides a benchmark for similar equilibration processes in heavy-ion collisions, where the equilibration mechanism is still under debate. We find that results at weak and strong coupling can be smoothly connected by simple, empirical power-laws for the viscosity, equilibration time and entropy production of the system.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

New strongly coupled sector at the Tevatron and the LHC

We examine the possibility that a new strong interaction is accessible to the Tevatron and the LHC. In an effective theory approach, we consider a scenario with a new color-octet interaction with strong couplings to the top quark, as well as the presence of a strongly coupled fourth generation which could be responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking. We apply several constraints, including the ones from flavor physics. We study the phenomenology of the resulting parameter space at the Tevatron, focusing on the forward-backward asymmetry in top pair production, as well as in the production of the fourth-generation quarks. We show that if the excess in the top production asymmetry is indeed the result of this new interaction, the Tevatron could see the first hints of the strongly coupled fourth-generation quarks. Finally, we show that the LHC with {radical}(s)=7 TeV and 1 fb{sup -1} integrated luminosity should observe the production of fourth-generation quarks at a level at least 1 order of magnitude above the QCD prediction for the production of these states.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Adiabatic effects on nonlinear dust-acoustic solitary and shock waves in a strongly coupled dusty plasma

A theoretical investigation has been performed on a strongly coupled dusty plasma containing strongly correlated negatively charged dust grains and weakly correlated adiabatic electrons and ions. The adiabatic effects on the dust-acoustic (DA) solitary and shock waves propagating in such a strongly coupled dusty plasma are taken into account. The DA solitary and shock waves are found to exist with negative potential only. It has been shown that the strong correlation among the charged dust grains is a source of dissipation and is responsible for the formation of the DA shock waves. It has also been found that the effects of adiabaticity significantly modify the basic features (e.g., amplitude, width, speed, etc.) of the DA solitary and shock waves. It has been suggested that a laboratory experiment be performed to test the theory presented in this work.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2012

Longitudinal singular response of dusty plasma medium in weak and strong coupling limits

The longitudinal response of a dusty plasma medium in both weak and strong coupling limits has been investigated in detail using analytic as well as numerical techniques. In particular, studies on singular response of the medium have been specifically investigated here. A proper Galilean invariant form of the generalized hydrodynamic fluid model has been adopted for the description of the dusty plasma medium. For weak non-linear response, analytic reductive perturbative approach has been adopted. It is well known that in the weak coupling regime for the dusty plasma medium, such an analysis leads to the Korteweg-de Vries equation (KdV) equation and predicts the existence of localized smooth soliton solutions. We show that the strongly coupled dust fluid with the correct Galilean invariant form does not follow the KdV paradigm. Instead, it reduces to the form of Hunter-Saxton equation, which does not permit soliton solutions. The system in this case displays singular response with both conservative as well as dissipative attributes. At arbitrary high amplitudes, the existence and spontaneous formation of sharply peaked cusp structures in both weak and strong coupling regimes has been demonstrated numerically.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Dynamical transition between weak and strong coupling in Brillouin laser pulse amplification

Short laser pulse amplification via stimulated Brillouin backscattering in plasma is considered. Previous work distinguishes between the weakly and strongly coupled regime and treats them separately. It is shown here that such a separation is not generally applicable because strong and weak coupling interaction regimes are entwined with each other. An initially weakly coupled amplification scenario may dynamically transform into strong coupling. This happens when the local seed amplitude grows and thus triggers the strongly driven plasma response. On the other hand, when in a strong coupling scenario, the pump pulse gets depleted, and its amplitude might drop below the strong coupling threshold. This may cause significant changes in the final seed pulse shape. Furthermore, experimentally used pump pulses are typically Gaussian-shaped. The intensity threshold for strong coupling may only be exceeded around the maximum and not in the wings of the pulse. Also here, a description valid in both strong and weak coupling regimes is required. We propose such a unified treatment which allows us, in particular, to study the dynamic transition between weak and strong coupling. Consequences for the pulse forms of the amplified seed are discussed.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2025

A Meta-Generalized Gradient Approximation for the Cavity-Dependent Exchange-Correlation Interaction in Strongly Coupled Light–Matter Systems

Strong light–matter coupling in optical cavities enables the manipulation of chemical and physical properties without altering molecular composition. Theoretical modeling of such phenomena requires exchange-correlation (XC) functionals that account for both electron–electron and electron–photon (ep) interactions within quantum electrodynamical density functional theory (QEDFT). In this work, we develop a meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) specifically targeting the cavity-dependent XC interaction in strongly coupled light–matter systems. This novel approximation is built upon a new semilocal polarizability approximation, which draws from the jellium-with-a-gap model, and can be extended to a “global hybrid” variant that goes beyond the isotropic model from previous approximations. The polarizability model yields significantly improved dispersion coefficients and benchmark calculations with the cavity-dependent XC functional demonstrate improved agreement with QED Hartree–Fock (QED-HF) reference energies. Application to the regioselectivity of brominated nitrobenzene intermediates reveals the functional’s capacity to capture cavity-induced energetic shifts. In conclusion, our results advance the Jacob’s ladder of functionals for QEDFT and provide a practical tool for modeling polaritonic chemistry.

Approximation↗
DOE OSTI2017

Temperature-tunable Fano resonance induced by strong coupling between Weyl fermions and phonons in TaAs

Strong coupling between discrete phonon and continuous electron–hole pair excitations can induce a pronounced asymmetry in the phonon line shape, known as the Fano resonance. This effect has been observed in various systems. We reveal explicit evidence for strong coupling between an infrared-active phonon and electronic transitions near the Weyl points through the observation of a Fano resonance in the Weyl semimetal TaAs. The resulting asymmetry in the phonon line shape, conspicuous at low temperatures, diminishes continuously with increasing temperature. Furthermore, this behaviour originates from the suppression of electronic transitions near the Weyl points due to the decreasing occupation of electronic states below the Fermi level (EF) with increasing temperature, as well as Pauli blocking caused by thermally excited electrons above EF. These findings not only elucidate the mechanism governing the tunable Fano resonance but also open a route for exploring exotic physical phenomena through phonon properties in Weyl semimetals.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗