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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1998

Transport Between the Tropical and Midlatitude Lower Statosphere: Implications for Ozone Response to High-Speed Civil Transport Emissions

Several recent studies have quantified the air exchange rate between the tropics and midlatitudes in the lower stratosphere using airborne and satellite measurements of chemical species. It is found that the midlatitude air is mixed into the tropical lower stratosphere with a replacement timescale of 13.5 months (with 20% uncertainty) for the region from the tropopause to 21 km and at least 18 months for the region of 20-28 km. These estimates are used to adjust the horizontal eddy diffusion coefficients, K(sub yy), in a two-dimensional chemistry transport model. The value of K(sub yy) previously used to simulate the subtropical barrier, 0.03 x 10(exp 6) sq m/s, generates an exchange time of about 4 years, and the model without subtropical barrier (K(sub yy) = 0.3 x 10(exp 6) sq m/s) has an exchange time of 5 months. Adjusting the K(sub yy) to 0.13 x 10(exp 6) sq m/s from the tropopause to 21 km and 0.07 x 10(exp 6) sq m/s above 21 km produces the exchange timescales which match the estimates deduced from the measurements. The subtropical barrier prevents the engine emissions of the high-speed civil transport (HSCT) aircraft from being transported into the tropics and subsequently lifted into the upper atmosphere or mixed into the southern hemisphere. The model results show that the calculated ozone response to HSCT aircraft emissions using the K(sob yy) adjusted to observed mixing rates is substantially smaller than that simulated without the subtropical barrier.

Shia, R.-L.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Atmospheric Transport During the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific TRACE-P Experiment

Atmospheric transport over the Pacific Basin is described during NASA's Transport and Chemical Evolution Over the Pacific Experiment (TRACE-P) that was conducted between February - April 2001. The mission included extensive chemical sampling from two aircraft based primarily in Hong Kong and Yokota Air Base, Japan. Meteorological conditions during TRACE-P changed rapidly due to the seasonal winter/spring transition and the decay of prolonged ENSO cold phase (La Nina) conditions. To document these changes, TRACE-P was divided into two halves, and mean flow patterns during each half are presented and discussed. Important circulation features are the semi-permanent Siberian anticyclone and transient middle latitude cyclones that form near eastern Asia and then move eastward over the northern Pacific. Five-day backward trajectories from the various flight tracks show that air sampled by the aircraft had been transported from a variety of locations. Some parcels remained over the tropical western North Pacific during the entire period, while other important origins were Southeast Asia, Africa, and central Asia. Patterns of satellite-derived precipitation and lightning are described. TRACE-P occurs during a neutral to weak La Nina period of relatively cold sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific. Compared to climatology, the TRACE-P period exhibits deep convection located west of its typical position; however, tropospheric flow patterns do not exhibit a strong La Nina signal. Circulation patterns during TRACE-P are found to be generally similar to those during NASA's PEM WEST-B mission that occurred in the same region during February - March 1994.

Fuelberg, Henry E.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Optimizing Traffic Signal Control to Enhance Transportation Efficiency and Maximize Pedestrian Benefits in the Road Network

Increasing urban mobility requirements demand efficient transportation system strategies for both vehicular and pedestrian movement. This study enhances the Decentralized Graph-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (DGMARL) approach, originally tailored for vehicular traffic signal timing, to incorporate pedestrian traffic dynamics. The improved algorithm considers crucial metrics such as Eco_PI, assesses vehicle fuel consumption by factoring in stops and delays, and addresses pedestrian waiting time, crucial for system efficiency while acknowledging driver waiting time impact. Utilizing Digital Twin simulation along the MLK Smart Corridor in Chattanooga, Tennessee, the algorithm's performance is compared for various pedestrian control scenarios. To evaluate the effectiveness of DGMARL, this study compared DGMARL-enabled signal management with automated pedestrian traffic detection and an actuated signal management system (real-word baseline) with pedestrian recall, which predetermingly enforces a pedestrian phase every cycle. Findings indicate substantial improvements with DGMARL, showing a 28.29% enhancement in vehicle Eco_PI, a 60.55 % reduction in pedestrian waiting time, and a 55.74% decrease in driver stop delay, on average, compared to the baseline actuated signal timing plan.

Kumarasamy, Vijayalakshmi K [The University of Ten↗
DOE OSTI2025

Pyrolyzer Assisted Vapor Transport Deposition of Antimony-Doped Cadmium Telluride

In this study, we developed a new method for in situ Sb doping of CdTe thin films combining vapor transport deposition with a Group V pyrolyzer to address Sb doping concentration and doping efficiency. The Sb doped CdSeTe (CdSeTe:Sb) films were deposited in solar cell structures under variations of Sb dopant source heater, vapor pyrolyzer temperature, and Cd vapor excess. Results indicate that although these parameters do not affect the CdTe morphology or crystal structure, they critically influence doping efficiency and trap concentration. Capacitance-voltage measurements show that a higher dopant heater (TD) or pyrolyzer (TP) temperature leads to higher net carrier concentration, achieving a net carrier concentration of 1016 cm-3 and 20% doping efficiency with a TD/TP combination of 600 degrees C/1100 degrees C. By tuning the Cd/Sb flux ratio during CdSeTe:Sb deposition, the lowest defect concentration is achieved at Cd/Sb of 1.4:1, which produced the best VOC CdSeTe:Sb cell. This demonstrates a path to produce high net carrier concentration polycrystalline CdTe thin film with a low concentration of dopant-induced defects.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2026

Beam Performance of the Positron Transport Line for CEBAF Positron Upgrade

The Low Energy Recirculator Facility (LERF) at Jefferson Lab, formerly operated for the Free-Electron Laser program, has been proposed as the injector complex for the planned 12 GeV CEBAF positron upgrade (Ce+BAF), with an additional pathway to support a potential 22 GeV CEBAF electron upgrade. In this configuration, LERF would generate and pre-accelerate positrons to 123 MeV, matching the present injection energy into the North Linac. Due to the relatively large emittance expected from the positron source, a comprehensive acceptance study has been performed from LERF through the CEBAF recirculating linacs and beam transport lines to the experimental halls. The objective is to establish the positron phase-space acceptance and provide design feedback to the positron production and capture systems. Furthermore, given CEBAF’s capability to deliver highly polarized beams, spin-tracking simulations have been carried out including magnet imperfections, alignment errors, and synchrotron-radiation–induced energy spread. Particular attention is given to the evolution of the spin tune and the corresponding depolarization mechanisms along the beam delivery path, especially for providing longitudinal polarization at the experimental halls. These results inform injector design choices and assess the overall feasibility of delivering high-polarization positron beams in CEBAF.

Ogur, S. [Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Fa↗
DOE OSTI2024

Smart CO2 Transport-Route Planning Tool: Providing Data and Insights for Accelerating Carbon Transport & Storage Deployment

Overview presentation given at the 2024 FECM / NETL Carbon Management Research Project Review Meeting on NETL's Bipartisan Infrastructure Law-funded Smart CO2 Transport-Route Planning Tool and associated geodatabase. This machine learning informed, data-driven public resource was designed to inform regulators, industry, and researchers plan and develop safe and efficient transport routes across the country.

Romeo, Lucy↗
NASA NTRS1975

Fluid transport on earth and aeolian transport on Mars

Experimental data on cohesion-free particle transport in fluid beds are applied, via a universal scaling relation, to atmospheric transport of fine grains on Mars. It may be that cohesion due to impact vitrification, vacuum sintering, and adsorbed thin films of water are absent on Mars - in which case the curve of threshold velocity versus grain size may show no turnup to small particle size, and one micron diameter grains may be injected directly by saltation into the Martian atmosphere more readily than 100 micron diameter grains. Curves for threshold and terminal velocities are presented for the full range of Martian pressures and temperatures. Suspension of fine grains is significantly easier at low temperatures and high pressures; late afternoon brightenings of many areas of Mars, and the generation of dust storms in such deep basins as Hellas, may be due to this effect.

Sagan, C.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Small transport aircraft technology. A report for the committee on commerce, science, and transportation, United States Senate

A preliminary assessment of the research and technology that NASA could undertake to improve small transport aircraft is presented. The advanced technologies currently under study for potential application to the small transport aircraft of the future are outlined. Background information on the commuter and shorthaul local service air carriers, the regulations pertaining to their aircraft and operations, and the overall airline system interface is included.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1989

California air transportation study: A transportation system for the California Corridor of the year 2010

To define and solve the problems of transportation in the California Corrider in the year 2010, the 1989 California Polytechnic State University Aeronautical Engineering Senior Design class determined future corridor transportation needs and developed a system to meet the requirements. A market study, which included interpreting travel demand and gauging the future of regional and national air travel in and out of the corridor, allowed the goals of the project to be accurately refined. Comprehensive trade-off studies of several proposed transporation systems were conducted to determine which components would form the final proposed system. Preliminary design and further analysis were performed for each resulting component. The proposed system consists of three vehicles and a special hub or mode mixer, the Corridor Access Port (CAP). The vehicles are: (1) an electric powered aircraft to serve secondary airports and the CAP; (2) a high speed magnetic levitation train running through the CAP and the high population density areas of the corridor; and (3) a vertical takeoff and landing tilt rotor aircraft to serve both intercity and intrametropolitan travelers from the CAP and city vertiports. The CAP is a combination and an extension of the hub, mode mixer, and Wayport concepts. The CAP is an integrated part of the system which meets the travel demands in the corridor, and interfaces with interstate and international travel.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1990

Procedure for generating global atmospheric engine emissions data from future supersonic transport aircraft. The 1990 high speed civil transport studies

The input for global atmospheric chemistry models was generated for baseline High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) configurations at Mach 1.6, 2.2, and 3.2. The input is supplied in the form of number of molecules of specific exhaust constituents injected into the atmosphere per year by latitude and by altitude (for 2-D codes). Seven exhaust constituents are currently supplied: NO, NO2, CO, CO2, H2O, SO2, and THC (Trace Hydrocarbons). An eighth input is also supplied, NO(x), the sum of NO and NO2. The number of molecules of a given constituent emitted per year is a function of the total fuel burned by a supersonic fleet and the emission index (EI) of the aircraft engine for the constituent in question. The EIs for an engine are supplied directly by the engine manufacturers. The annual fuel burn of a supersonic fleet is calculated from aircraft performance and economic criteria, both of which are strongly dependent on basic design parameters such as speed and range. The altitude and latitude distribution of the emission is determined based on 10 Intern. Air Transport Assoc. (IATA) regions chosen to define the worldwide route structure for future HSCT operations and the mission flight profiles.

Sohn, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Manned transportation system study - Evaluation of candidate transportation architectures

The overall evaluation process, the tool developed to perform the evaluation, and the evaluation results in determining the right approach to meet the nation's mannned transportation needs are presented. To address the various considerations, architecture sets consisting of the candidate transportation systems are constructed. As this methodology results in multiple architectures to examine, an architecture evaluation tool was developed to facilitate the evaluation of the architecture attribute values from the system values of the attributes.

Lance, Nicholas↗
NASA NTRS1992

Proposal and preliminary design for a high speed civil transport aircraft. Swift: A high speed civil transport for the year 2000

To meet the needs of the growing passenger traffic market in light of an aging subsonic fleet, a new breed of aircraft must be developed. The Swift is an aircraft that will economically meet these needs by the year 2000. Swift is a 246 passenger, Mach 2.5, luxury airliner. It has been designed to provide the benefit of comfortable, high speed transportation in a safe manner with minimal environmental impact. This report will discuss the features of the Swift aircraft and establish a solid, foundation for this supersonic transport of tomorrow.

Banuelos, Aerobel↗
NASA NTRS1993

Advanced transportation system study: Manned launch vehicle concepts for two way transportation system payloads to LEO. Program cost estimates document

This report describes Rockwell International's cost analysis results of manned launch vehicle concepts for two way transportation system payloads to low earth orbit during the basic and option 1 period of performance for contract NAS8-39207, advanced transportation system studies. Vehicles analyzed include the space shuttle, personnel launch system (PLS) with advanced launch system (ALS) and national launch system (NLS) boosters, foreign launch vehicles, NLS-2 derived launch vehicles, liquid rocket booster (LRB) derived launch vehicle, and cargo transfer and return vehicle (CTRV).

Duffy, James B.↗
NASA NTRS1995

Experimental Studies on Mass Transport of Cadmium-Zinc Telluride by Physical Vapor Transport

Experimental studies on mass transport of ternary compound, Cd(1-x)Zn(x)Te by physical vapor transport (PVT) for source compositions up to X = 0.21 are presented. The effect of thermochemical (temperatures, vapor composition) and other factors (preparation of the source, crystal growth rate, temperature gradient) on composition and composition profiles of the grown crystals were investigated. A steep decrease in the mass flux with an increase in X(crystal) for X less than 0.1, and a difference in composition between the source and the deposited material have been observed. The composition profiles of the crystals were found to depend on the density and pretreatment of the source, and on the temperature gradient in the source zone. The homogeneity of the crystals improves at low undercoolings and/or when an appropriate excess of metal constituents is present in the vapor phase. The experimental results are in good agreement with our thermochemical model of this system.

Palosz, W.↗