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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1999

Crustal Uplift in the Southcentral Alaska Subduction Zones: A New Analysis and Interpretation of Tide Gauge Observations

We have examined the sea level height tide records at seven tide gauge sites in the region of southcentral Alaska that were affected by the 1964 Prince William Sound earthquake to determine the history of crustal uplift subsequent to the earthquake. There is considerable variation in the behavior depending on the location of the site relative to the 1964 rupture. At Seward, on the eastern side of the Kenai Peninsula we find a slow uplift that is consistent with elastic strain accumulation while at Seldovia and Nikiski on the western side of the Kenai we find a persistent rapid uplift of about 1 cm/yr that most likely represents a long term transient response to the earthquake, but which cannot be sustained over the expected recurrence interval for a great earthquake of several hundred years. Further to the southwest, at Kodiak, we find evidence that the rate of uplift, which is still several mm/yr, has slowed significantly over the past three and a half decades. To the east of the Kenai Peninsula we find subsidence at Cordova and an uncertain behavior at Valdez. At both of these sites there is a mathematically significant time-dependence to the uplift behavior, but the data confirming this time dependence are not as convincing as at Kodiak. At Anchorage, to the north there is little evidence of vertical motion since the earthquake. We compare these long term tide gauge records to recent GPS observations. In general there is reasonable consistency except at Anchorage and Cordova where the GPS measurement indicate somewhat more rapid uplift and subsidence, respectively.

Cohen, Steven C.↗
NASA NTRS1999

Bulk Compositional Trends in Meteorites: A Guide for Analysis and Interpretation of NEAR XGRS Data from Asteroid 433 EROS

The Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft is to orbit the S-class asteroid 433 Eros for about one year beginning on February 14, 2000. The X-ray/gamma-ray O, Mg, Al, Si, Fe, and K; possibly H, Ca, S, Ti, and Th) of Eros with a spatial resolution ranging from a few km for X-rays to approx. 25% of the asteroid's surface for gamma-rays. The major scientific goals for the NEAR XGRS are to relate the composition of Eros to known classes of meteorites, to assess compositional heterogeneity and to identify geological processes that have occurred on the asteroid. Comparing remote-sensing data from asteroids to laboratory data from meteorites requires that the latter be well determined and understood. How well particular classes of meteorites can be identified as analogues of Eros depends not only on the error of the XGRS measurement, but also on the spread in abundances observed among different members of a given meteorite class. To prepare for the return of XGRS data from Eros, we have compiled a large database of bulk elemental compositions of meteorites, using data from a wide variety of published and unpublished sources. Custom software was developed to easily extract statistical information and make plots of data from different meteorite classes. Here, we use the meteorite compositional database to investigate which abundances and abundance ratios, of those measureable by the NEAR XGRS, are most diagnostic for distinguishing meteorite classes and identifying geological processes that have occurred on the samples' parent asteroids.

Nittler, Larry R.↗
NASA NTRS2004

[Calibration, Analysis, and Interpretation of SERTS and EUNIS Observation]

We have made satisfactory and expected progress in the first year of this project. The spectrophotometric data for the S asteroids of interest have been reduced, and lightcurve effects accounted for. We have begun mixing models for spectra of 6 Hebe, and expect to have a publication late in 2004 or early in 2005 on that part of the project. Preliminary models suggest that Hebe requires hydrated minerals to explain its spectrum in the 3-pm region. We will also perform mixing models with additional data which has been recently obtained. We have been able to constrain thermal properties on near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) as a result of thermal modeling done as part of this project. This work provides a means of obtaining albedo data from common visible-near IR data. This portion of the project has been presented at the DPS meeting in Monterey, and is being presented in expanded form at the Yarkovsky workshop at Arecibo Observatory in February. A manuscript is in preparation. In the coming year we expect to finish the thermal corrections for the spectrophotometric data, and complete the mixing models. The results will be prepared for publication, and the data offered to the PDS. It will also be available on the SMASS website (smass.mit.edu), for which the PI is webmaster.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2013

View-angle-dependent AIRS Cloudiness and Radiance Variance: Analysis and Interpretation

Upper tropospheric clouds play an important role in the global energy budget and hydrological cycle. Significant view-angle asymmetry has been observed in upper-level tropical clouds derived from eight years of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) 15 um radiances. Here, we find that the asymmetry also exists in the extra-tropics. It is larger during day than that during night, more prominent near elevated terrain, and closely associated with deep convection and wind shear. The cloud radiance variance, a proxy for cloud inhomogeneity, has consistent characteristics of the asymmetry to those in the AIRS cloudiness. The leading causes of the view-dependent cloudiness asymmetry are the local time difference and small-scale organized cloud structures. The local time difference (1-1.5 hr) of upper-level (UL) clouds between two AIRS outermost views can create parts of the observed asymmetry. On the other hand, small-scale tilted and banded structures of the UL clouds can induce about half of the observed view-angle dependent differences in the AIRS cloud radiances and their variances. This estimate is inferred from analogous study using Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) radiances observed during the period of time when there were simultaneous measurements at two different view-angles from NOAA-18 and -19 satellites. The existence of tilted cloud structures and asymmetric 15 um and 6.7 um cloud radiances implies that cloud statistics would be view-angle dependent, and should be taken into account in radiative transfer calculations, measurement uncertainty evaluations and cloud climatology investigations. In addition, the momentum forcing in the upper troposphere from tilted clouds is also likely asymmetric, which can affect atmospheric circulation anisotropically.

AIRS↗
NASA NTRS2017

Static Analysis Using Abstract Interpretation

Short presentation about static analysis and most particularly abstract interpretation. It starts with a brief explanation on why static analysis is used at NASA. Then, it describes the IKOS (Inference Kernel for Open Static Analyzers) tool chain. Results on NASA projects are shown. Several well known algorithms from the static analysis literature are then explained (such as pointer analyses, memory analyses, weak relational abstract domains, function summarization, etc.). It ends with interesting problems we encountered (such as C++ analysis with exception handling, or the detection of integer overflow).

Static Analysis↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Examining Artifacts from GLOBE Program Research Symposia & Using Network Analysis Techniques to Characterize Students’ Authentic STEM Investigations

For the past several years, the GLOBE Program's International Virtual Science Symposia (IVSS) and Student Research Symposia (SRS) have provided opportunities for U.S. and international students to present their Earth science research investigations to the GLOBE community through online or in-person events. This presentation will share the techniques and findings of an evaluation study that used student posters and written reports to characterize their research investigations through multiple lenses and frameworks. The study began with a list of characteristics drawn from a literature review, an analysis of sample projects, and several reviews by expert stakeholders and scientists, which comprehensively covered diverse relevant frameworks including citizen science, student STEM learning through authentic experiences, and The GLOBE Program model. Once applied to 207 student projects, this list of codes revealed the frequency and prevalence of various qualities and experiences represented by GLOBE student research investigations. An innovative application of social network analysis techniques to the coded dataset revealed frequently cooccurring characteristics. This networking approach identified and conceptually mapped several "clusters" of characteristics that typified student projects, empirically based on the submitted projects themselves. The basic quantitative investigation of frequencies indicates the extent to which various characteristics are present in - or absent from - GLOBE SRS and IVSS projects, while the network analysis provides a descriptive framework for typifying projects. Ultimately, the descriptive framework fostered a suite of assessment tools to help The GLOBE Program's staff, scientists, and research project judges understand the diversity of student research projects. GLOBE can use these tools to identify and respond to areas of need; for instance, the descriptive framework illustrates the potential for further education and training resources related to data analysis, interpretation of data, and credibility of scientific claims. This presentation will share the novel utilization of network analysis techniques to holistically assess and react to student research contributions.

Ann Martin↗
NASA NTRS2004

Tropospheric Methane Over the Pacific Basin During TRACE-P

We received funding for the acquisition, statistical analysis, interpretation, and publication of atmospheric methane data collected during the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) mission, flown February through April of 2001. These high precision measurements were made aboard the NASA DC-8 and P-3B aircraft using a fast response, tunable diode laser system, the DACOM instrument. Our analysis focused on the vertical and geographical distribution of this key trace gas, particularly in the context of other data available from the region such as those from the Pacific NOAA CMDL surface sites, and earlier NASA aircraft missions (such as PEM-West A and B). The paper reporting these results, "Large-Scale Distribution of CH4 in the Western Pacific: Sources and Transport from the Asian Continent" by authors K.B. Bartlett, G.W. Sachse, T. Slate, C. Harward, and D.R. Blake, is attached. The dataset of roughly 13,800 CH4 measurements ranged between 1602 ppb in stratospherically impacted air and 2149 ppb in highly polluted air. Overall, we found that CH4 concentrations were highly correlated with trace gases characteristic of a mix of anthropogenic industrial and combustion sources. They were strikingly correlated with ethane (C2H6) in particular, whose major sources are natural gas leakage and biomass burning. Correlation between the two hydrocarbons indicated that these sources may dominate for CH4 as well at this time.

Bartlett, Karen B.↗
NASA NTRS2006

Real Time On-line Space Research Laboratory Environment Monitoring with Off-line Trend and Prediction Analysis

One of the responsibilities of the NASA Glenn Principal Investigator Microgravity Services is to support NASA sponsored investigators in the area of reduced-gravity acceleration data analysis, interpretation and the monitoring of the reduced-gravity environment on-board various carriers. With the International Space Station currently operational, a significant amount of acceleration data is being down-linked and processed on ground for both the space station onboard environment characterization (and verification) and scientific experiments. Therefore, to help principal investigator teams monitor the acceleration level on-board the International Space Station to avoid undesirable impact on their experiment, when possible, the NASA Glenn Principal Investigator Microgravity Services developed an artificial intelligence monitoring system, which detects in near real time any change in the environment susceptible to affect onboard experiments. The main objective of the monitoring system is to help research teams identify the vibratory disturbances that are active at any instant of time onboard the International Space Station that might impact the environment in which their experiment is being conducted. The monitoring system allows any space research scientist, at any location and at any time, to see the current acceleration level on-board the Space Station via the World Wide Web. From the NASA Glenn s Exploration Systems Division web site, research scientists can see in near real time the active disturbances, such as pumps, fans, compressor, crew exercise, re-boost, extra-vehicular activity, etc., and decide whether or not to continue operating or stopping (or making note of such activity for later correlation with science results) their experiments based on the g-level associated with that specific event. A dynamic graphical display accessible via the World Wide Web shows the status of all the vibratory disturbance activities with their degree of confidence as well as their g-level contribution to the environment. The system can detect both known and unknown vibratory disturbance activities. It can also perform trend analysis and prediction by analyzing past data over many Increments of the space station for selected disturbance activities. This feature can be used to monitor the health of onboard mechanical systems to detect and prevent potential system failure as well as for use by research scientists during their science results analysis. Examples of both real time on-line vibratory disturbance detection and off-line trend analysis are presented in this paper. Several soft computing techniques such as Kohonen s Self-Organizing Feature Map, Learning Vector Quantization, Back-Propagation Neural Networks, and Fuzzy Logic were used to design the system.

Jules, Kenol↗
NASA NTRS1967

STAIR program

Structural Analysis Interpretative Routine /STAIR/ 7094 program for advanced antenna system reflector assembly

REFLECTOR↗
NASA NTRS1972

Correlation signatures of wet soils and snows

Interpretation, analysis, and development of algorithms have provided the necessary computational programming tools for soil data processing, data handling and analysis. Algorithms that have been developed thus far, are adequate and have been proven successful for several preliminary and fundamental applications such as software interfacing capabilities, probability distributions, grey level print plotting, contour plotting, isometric data displays, joint probability distributions, boundary mapping, channel registration and ground scene classification. A description of an Earth Resources Flight Data Processor, (ERFDP), which handles and processes earth resources data under a users control is provided.

Phillips, M. R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Urban environmental health applications of remote sensing

An urban area was studied through the use of the inventory-by-surrogate method rather than by direct interpretation of photographic imagery. Prior uses of remote sensing in urban and public research are examined. The effects of crowding, poor housing conditions, air pollution, and street conditions on public health are considered. Color infrared photography was used to categorize land use features and the grid method was used in photo interpretation analysis. The incidence of shigella and salmonella, hepatitis, meningitis, tuberculosis, myocardial infarction and veneral disease were studied, together with mortality and morbidity rates. Sample census data were randomly collected and validated. The hypothesis that land use and residential quality are associated with and act as an influence upon health and physical well-being was studied and confirmed.

Rush, M.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Interactive digital image manipulation system

The system is designed for manipulation, analysis, interpretation, and processing of a wide variety of image data. LANDSAT (ERTS) and other data in digital form can be input directly into the system. Photographic prints and transparencies are first converted to digital form with an on-line high-resolution microdensitometer. The system is implemented on a Hewlett-Packard 3000 computer with 128 K bytes of core memory and a 47.5 megabyte disk. It includes a true color display monitor, with processing memories, graphics overlays, and a movable cursor. Image data formats are flexible so that there is no restriction to a given set of remote sensors. Conversion between data types is available to provide a basis for comparison of the various data. Multispectral data is fully supported, and there is no restriction on the number of dimensions. In this way multispectral data collected at more than one point in time may simply be treated as a data collected with twice (three times, etc.) the number of sensors. There are various libraries of functions available to the user: processing functions, display functions, system functions, and earth resources applications functions.

Henze, J.↗