Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “minorities”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Wave and Offshore Wind Resource in the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands

Coastal environments such as islands have unique opportunities for renewable energy resources. This work explores the wave and offshore wind energy potential for the U.S. Pacific Ocean Minor Outlying Islands, including Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island. A numerical wave model based on WAVEWATCH III and SWAN (both are NWS / NOAA models) was developed, validated, and executed to generate a 32-year hindcast dataset suitable for resource characterization for each island. A complementary offshore wind resource characterization is provided for the same time period based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis v5 (ERA5). Each island has five netcdf files: 1. wave_[island]_annual_J_map.nc: the data used to generate the map of annual averaged omnidirectional wave power (J [kW/m]) 2. wave_[island]_100m_IEC: six IEC parameters at 100m isobath from 1979/01/01 to 2020/12/31, output hourly 3. wave_[island]_5km_IEC: six IEC parameters at 5km from the shoreline 1979/01/01 to 2020/12/31, output hourly 4. wind_island_100mASL_windspeed_timeseries.nc: wind speed timeseries from ERA5 at 100 m above sea level within a 60 km radius of the island (m/s) 1979/01/01 to 2010/12/31, output hourly 5. wind_island_100mASL_winddirection_timeseries.nc: wind direction timeseries from ERA5 at 100 m above sea level within a 60 km radius of the island (degrees) 1979/01/01 to 2010/12/31, output hourly

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
DOE OSTI2022

NNSA Minority Serving Institute Partnership Program (MSIPP)— Advanced Synergistic Program for Indigenous Research in Engineering (ASPIRE) (FY22 Q1 Progress Report)

In 2016, the National Nuclear Security Agency (NNSA) initiated the Minority Serving Institution Partnership Plan (MSIPP) targeting Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCUs) to offer programs that will prepare students for technical careers in NNSA’s laboratories and production plants. The MSIPP consortium’s approach is as follows: 1) align investments at the college and university level to develop a curriculum and workforce needed to support NNSA’s nuclear weapon enterprise mission, and 2) to enhance research and education at under-represented colleges and universities. The first TCU consortium that MSIPP launched was known as the Advanced Manufacturing Network Initiative (AMNI) whose purpose was to develop additive manufacturing (AM) learning opportunities. The AMNI consortium consisted of Bay Mills Community College, Cankdeska Cikana Community College, Navajo Tech University, Salish Kootenai Community College, Turtle Mountain Community College, and United Tribes Technical College. In 2016, the American Indian Higher Education Consortium (AIHEC), the AMNI consortium and the Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute (SIPI), in collaboration with Sandia National Labs, using a grant by NNSA hosted the first TCU Advanced Manufacturing Technology Summer Institute (TCU AMTSI). The AMNI consortium will officially end Sept. 2022. However, building on the successes of AMNI, in FY22 NNSA’s MSIPP launched three additional consortiums: (1) the Indigenous Mutual Partnership to Advanced Cybersecurity Technology (IMPACT), which focuses on STEM and cybersecurity, (2) the Advanced Synergistic Program for Indigenous Research in Engineering (ASPIRE), which focuses on STEM and the electrical and mechanical engineering skills set needed for renewable and distributed energy systems, and (3) the Partnership for Advanced Manufacturing Education and Research (PAMER), which focuses on developing and maintaining a sustainable pathway for a highly trained, next-generation additive manufacturing workforce and a corresponding community of subject matter experts for NNSA enterprises. The following report summarizes the status update during this quarter for the ASPIRE program.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2022

NNSA Minority Serving Institute Partnership Program (MSIPP)--Indigenous Mutual Partnership to Advanced Cybersecurity Technology (ASPIRE, IMPACT and PAMER); FY22 Q2 Progress Report

The following report summarizes the status update during this quarter for the National Nuclear Security Agency (NNSA) initiated Minority Serving Institution Partnership Plan's (MSIPP) projects titled, Indigenous Mutual Partnership to Advanced Cybersecurity Technology (ASPIRE), Indigenous Mutual Partnership to Advanced Cybersecurity Technology (IMPACT) and Partnership for Advanced Manufacturing Education and Research (PAMER).

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2022

2022 Annual Emissions Report and Annual Certification of Compliance Required by the Synthetic Minor Operating Permit, Permit Condition Number 19876, Plant 255, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

In accordance with the conditions of the Synthetic Minor Operating Permit (SMOP) issued to Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) on August 29, 2002, and revised on February 4, 2009 and February 17, 2015, please find enclosed the 2022 Annual Emissions Report and the Annual Certification of Compliance for LLNL for the period of July 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022. The 2022 Annual Emissions Report identifies the consecutive 12-month rolling totals by month for individual Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs), combined HAPs, combined Precursor Organic Compounds (POCs), and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) emitted from the LLNL site during the months of July 2021 through June 2022.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Consistent $\overline{ν}$ evaluation for minor Pu isotopes with CGMF

This report follows up on the evaluation work done in 2023 where we developed a procedure and performed the first consistent evaluation of the average prompt neutron multiplicity for minor Pu isotopes, including 238,240-242 Pu, using CGMF. Details on the necessary updates to the release version of CGMF, the experimental data and experimental uncertainty quantification that went into the evaluation, and this first evaluation effort are documented in and will not be repeated in this report. Instead, we discuss here the further investigations into the CGMF model space to improve the evaluation results from FY23. Additionally, we note that these evaluation results have been transformed into the ENDF format for mean values and covariances, and validation with critical assemblies has been performed; that work is documented elsewhere. In this short report, we discuss the updated evaluation efforts performed during FY24 in Sec. 2, show results from CGMF for other prompt fission observables in Sec. 3, and then briefly conclude in Sec. 4.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Research Traineeships for Students from Minority Serving Institutions in Nuclear Physics at the University of Texas at Arlington (Final Technical Report)

This project supported research traineeships for students of minority serving institutions in Texas to perform nuclear physics research at the University of Texas at Arlington, an R1 research university in the Dallas Fort Worth metroplex. UTA is the leading US institution on the NEXT neutrinoless double beta decay collaboration, and students were paired with junior and senior mentors and undertook research projects in our Nuclear Physics (NP) research laboratories.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

The Binary Fraction of Stars in the Dwarf Galaxy Ursa Minor via Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

We utilize multi-epoch line-of-sight velocity measurements from the Milky Way Survey of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument to estimate the binary fraction for member stars in the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Ursa Minor. Our dataset comprises 670 distinct member stars, with a total of more than 2,000 observations collected over approximately one year. We constrain the binary fraction for UMi to be $0.61^{+0.16}_{-0.20}$ and $0.69^{+0.19}_{-0.17}$, with the binary orbital parameter distributions based on solar neighborhood observation from Duquennoy & Mayor (1991) and Moe & Di Stefano (2017), respectively. Furthermore, by dividing our data into two subsamples at the median metallicity, we identify that the binary fraction for the metal-rich ([Fe/H]>-2.14) population is slightly higher than that of the metal-poor ([Fe/H]<-2.14) population. Based on the Moe & Di Stefano model, the best-constrained binary fractions for metal-rich and metal-poor populations in UMi are $0.86^{+0.14}_{-0.24}$ and $0.48^{+0.26}_{-0.19}$, respectively. After a thorough examination, we find that this offset cannot be attributed to sample selection effects. We also divide our data into two subsamples according to their projected radius to the center of UMi, and find that the more centrally concentrated population in a denser environment has a lower binary fraction of $0.33^{+0.30}_{-0.20}$, compared with $1.00^{+0.00}_{-0.32}$ for the subsample in more outskirts.

Qiu, Tian [Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China); DESI ↗
DOE OSTI2021

Data from: Nitrification is a minor source of nitrous oxide (N2O) in an agricultural landscape and declines with increasing management intensity

The long-term contribution of nitrification to nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from terrestrial ecosystems is poorly known and thus poorly constrained in biogeochemical models. Here, using Bayesian inference to couple 25 years of in situ N2O flux measurements with site-specific Michaelis-Menten kinetics of nitrification-derived N2O, we test the relative importance of nitrification-derived N2O across six cropped and unmanaged ecosystems along a management intensity gradient in the U.S. Midwest. We found that the maximum potential contribution from nitrification to in situ N2O fluxes was 13-17% in a conventionally fertilized annual cropping system, 27-42% in a low-input cover-cropped annual cropping system, and 52-63% in perennial systems including a late successional deciduous forest. Actual values are likely to be less than 10% of these values because of low N2O yields in cultured nitrifiers (typically 0.04 to 8% of NH3 oxidized) and competing sinks for available NH4+ in situ. Most nitrification-derived N2O was produced by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) rather than archaea (AOA), who appeared responsible for no more than 30% of nitrification-derived N2O production in all but one ecosystem. Although the proportion of nitrification-derived N2O production was lowest in annual cropping systems, these ecosystems nevertheless produced more nitrification-derived N2O (higher Vmax) than perennial and successional ecosystems. We conclude that nitrification is minor relative to other sources of N2O in all ecosystems examined.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Innovating the next generation of commercial smart building software

Nearly 30% of commercial building energy use is wasted due to equipment faults and HVAC controls problems. The result is increased emissions, compromised comfort and productivity, and less reliable coordination of building power needs with a clean grid. The energy impact alone represents $17 billion in potential savings. Today’s smart building software provides a robust solution to address these operational deficiencies. Energy management and information systems (EMIS) are saving up to 9% on average, with two-year paybacks. They are being incorporated into energy management processes, commissioning services, and utility programs. As effective as they are, two barriers prevent even deeper benefits; limited personnel to fix problems once they are identified, and the expense and time to manually implement changes in control systems. In partnership with the research community, the EMIS industry is developing new capabilities to overcome these barriers. Moving beyond siloed products for either fault detection and diagnostics, or optimal control, these new capabilities empower users to not only automatically identify faults, but also to push corrective action, and control improvements to their buildings. In this paper, several areas for enhancements are documented: ‘one-time’ correction of faults such as setpoints, schedules, and economizer lockouts; short-term active testing for automated proportional integral derivative (PID) loop tuning and functional testing; and continuous supervisory control for demand flexibility and year-round efficiency. Results are presented from a pair of partner implementations out of a dozen providers integrating these enhancements into their products, including field tests from across the country, and insights into operator acceptance and integration into operations and maintenance practices.

Casillas, Armando↗
DOE OSTI2021

Equity for women and underrepresented minorities in STEM: Graduate experiences and career plans in chemistry

Significance On June 10, 2020, as part of the Black Lives Matter movement, scientists in the United States and throughout the world paused to consider how systematic racism affects the scientific enterprise. As a result, many academic departments are now assessing policies and practices that may contribute to this situation. This paper provides evidence of the nature of inequities related to race–ethnicity and gender in graduate school experiences and career plans of PhD students in one science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) discipline, chemistry. The results can help promote understanding of the problems and guide efforts toward equity within STEM and, potentially, other academic areas. In turn, these changes can strengthen the scientific enterprise and the well-being of society.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2022

Nevada National Security Site support for Minority Serving Institutions

Poster to be presented to academics and STEM students from local universities during the American Association of Colleges and Universities (AAC&U) Transforming STEM Higher Education Conference: Back to Broken?, November 3–5, 2022, Arlington, VA (https://secure.aacu.org/iMIS/AACUR/Events/Event_Display.aspx?EventKey=STEM22).

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Nevada National Security Site support for Minority Serving Institutions

Poster to be presented to academics and STEM students from local universities during the American Association of Colleges and Universities (AAC&U) Transforming STEM Higher Education Conference: Back to Broken?, November 3–5, 2022, Arlington, VA (https://secure.aacu.org/iMIS/AACUR/Events/Event_Display.aspx?EventKey=STEM22).

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Oxidation Behavior of Candidate NiCr Alloys for Engine Exhaust Valves: Part I—Effect of Minor Alloying Elements

Oxidation-induced degradation of structural materials employed as exhaust valves within internal combustion engines (ICEs) will be a relevant life-limiting mechanism, in addition to creep and mechanical fatigue, due to ever-increasing severity of operating temperatures and pressures. Ni–Cr-based alloys, which form external chromia-based scales at the relevant operating temperatures are being considered as suitable candidate materials. Thermal cycling of these alloys in water vapor-containing atmospheres, such as those present during hydrocarbon fuel combustion within ICEs, can considerably influence their oxidation behavior. Here, the role of typical alloying additions such as Mn, Si, Al and Ti on the cyclic oxidation behavior of model NiCr–X (X = Mn,Si,Al,Ti) alloys exposed in dry air and air + 10% H 2 O at 800°C and 950°C was investigated. Combined additions of Mn and Si reduced scaling rates compared to binary Ni–22Cr alloys. The presence of water vapor possibly suppressed formation of NiMnCr spinel and thereby the Cr depletion in the alloy. Combined Al and Ti additions mainly resulted in accelerated oxidation kinetics due to the Ti doping of chromia scales. More porous external scales were observed in water vapor leading to a much deeper depth of nitridation in the Ni–22Cr–Al–Ti alloys.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Minor Elements and Solidification Cracking During Laser Powder-Bed Fusion of a High $\gamma ^{\prime }$ CoNi-Base Superalloy

Here, the cracking behavior of a high γ' volume fraction CoNi-base superalloy fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is studied in relation to the content of carbon and boron. Severe cracking occurred with the increase in boron content from 0.08 to 0.16 at. pct (0.015 to 0.029 wt pct), while compositions with 0.1 to 0.36 at. pct C (0.02 to 0.076 wt pct) and 0.08 at. pct B exhibited minimal cracking. Assessment of cracks in the high-boron composition shows a variation in crack density with printing parameters, and alignment of the cracks with the build direction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the crack surfaces shows evidence of a solidification cracking mode. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) reveals a decreased incipient melting temperature for the high-boron composition, and atom probe tomography (APT) is used to measure the enrichment at grain boundaries, revealing distinct boron segregation. Scheil-Gulliver solidification simulations for the different C and B levels are consistent with the incipient melting behavior observed with DTA. Evaluation of the solidification cracking susceptibility from the simulations allow for comparison of the CoNi alloy behavior to Ni-base superalloys studied for LPBF fabrication and displays how such metrics may aid in the design of new precipitation-strengthened superalloys for additive manufacturing (AM).

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗