Space tool kit - Survey, development and evaluation program Final report
Space tool kit orbital and planetary repair, maintenance, and assembly tasks
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Health Analysis and Research for Public Events (HARPE) Tool (Final CRADA Report)
Based on its experience in building assessment tools, Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne) has demonstrated expertise in developing comparative methodologies and question sets that provide both a physical and cyber-based risk assessment for the commercial facilities sector. A high-level risk assessment tool can be beneficial for venues and organizations that fall under a wide array of facility characterizations, ultimately accommodating the evolving landscape of threats specific to these facilities. The Health Analysis and Research for Public Events (HARPE) Tool is an assessment that seeks to help facility managers assess and mitigate aspects of safety, security, and emergency management within their venues. With the pandemic featuring prominently in today’s landscape, we have adapted and extended the scope of the HARPE tool so that it offers users the ability to integrate assessments of their preparation for, response to, and recovery from threats faced at the venue arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. Traditional threats and hazards remain prevalent in today’s landscape, and the best defense is a proactive approach to preventing and mitigating these threats. At the very core of prevention and mitigation is the first step of conducting a risk assessment—this is the gap that HARPE fills. While it is obvious that the response to COVID-19 is health and sanitation driven, leaders within the commercial facilities sector must also know where to best extend their efforts in mitigating future threats arising from the pandemic. Public events and mass gatherings are directly impacted by COVID-19; however, with the help of HARPE, leaders can focus their attention on core impact areas related to the safety and security of returning to a new normal, as they assess their risks using the Argonne-developed tool. HARPE provides an important solution to the COVID-19 situation by assisting venue managers and health officials in identifying their risks.
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
Quantitative Measures for Software Independent Verification and Validation
As software is maintained or reused, it undergoes an evolution which tends to increase the overall complexity of the code. To understand the effects of this, we brought in statistics experts and leading researchers in software complexity, reliability, and their interrelationships. These experts' project has resulted in our ability to statistically correlate specific code complexity attributes, in orthogonal domains, to errors found over time in the HAL/S flight software which flies in the Space Shuttle. Although only a prototype-tools experiment, the result of this research appears to be extendable to all other NASA software, given appropriate data similar to that logged for the Shuttle onboard software. Our research has demonstrated that a more complete domain coverage can be mathematically demonstrated with the approach we have applied, thereby ensuring full insight into the cause-and-effects relationship between the complexity of a software system and the fault density of that system. By applying the operational profile we can characterize the dynamic effects of software path complexity under this same approach We now have the ability to measure specific attributes which have been statistically demonstrated to correlate to increased error probability, and to know which actions to take, for each complexity domain. Shuttle software verifiers can now monitor the changes in the software complexity, assess the added or decreased risk of software faults in modified code, and determine necessary corrections. The reports, tool documentation, user's guides, and new approach that have resulted from this research effort represent advances in the state of the art of software quality and reliability assurance. Details describing how to apply this technique to other NASA code are contained in this document.
Lee, Alice↗
NASA Tech Briefs, August 2012
Topics covered include: Mars Science Laboratory Drill; Ultra-Compact Motor Controller; A Reversible Thermally Driven Pump for Use in a Sub-Kelvin Magnetic Refrigerator; Shape Memory Composite Hybrid Hinge; Binding Causes of Printed Wiring Assemblies with Card-Loks; Coring Sample Acquisition Tool; Joining and Assembly of Bulk Metallic Glass Composites Through Capacitive Discharge; 670-GHz Schottky Diode-Based Subharmonic Mixer with CPW Circuits and 70-GHz IF; Self-Nulling Lock-in Detection Electronics for Capacitance Probe Electrometer; Discontinuous Mode Power Supply; Optimal Dynamic Sub-Threshold Technique for Extreme Low Power Consumption for VLSI; Hardware for Accelerating N-Modular Redundant Systems for High-Reliability Computing; Blocking Filters with Enhanced Throughput for X-Ray Microcalorimetry; High-Thermal-Conductivity Fabrics; Imidazolium-Based Polymeric Materials as Alkaline Anion-Exchange Fuel Cell Membranes; Electrospun Nanofiber Coating of Fiber Materials: A Composite Toughening Approach; Experimental Modeling of Sterilization Effects for Atmospheric Entry Heating on Microorganisms; Saliva Preservative for Diagnostic Purposes; Hands-Free Transcranial Color Doppler Probe; Aerosol and Surface Parameter Retrievals for a Multi-Angle, Multiband Spectrometer LogScope; TraceContract; AIRS Maps from Space Processing Software; POSTMAN: Point of Sail Tacking for Maritime Autonomous Navigation; Space Operations Learning Center; OVERSMART Reporting Tool for Flow Computations Over Large Grid Systems; Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of Particle-Laden Temporal Mixing Layers; Projection of Stabilized Aerial Imagery Onto Digital Elevation Maps for Geo-Rectified and Jitter-Free Viewing; Iterative Transform Phase Diversity: An Image-Based Object and Wavefront Recovery; 3D Drop Size Distribution Extrapolation Algorithm Using a Single Disdrometer; Social Networking Adapted for Distributed Scientific Collaboration; General Methodology for Designing Spacecraft Trajectories; Hemispherical Field-of-View Above-Water Surface Imager for Submarines; and Quantum-Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP) Focal Plane Assembly.
Source record↗
Demonstrating SolarPILOT’s Python API Through Heliostat Optimal Aimpoint Strategy Use Case
SolarPILOT is a software package that generates solar field layouts and characterizes the optical performance of concentrating solar power (CSP) tower systems. SolarPILOT was developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) as a stand-alone desktop application but has also been incorporated into NREL’s1 System Advisor Model (SAM) in a simplified format. Prior means for user interaction with SolarPILOT have included the application’s graphical interface, the SAM routines with limited configurability, and through a built-in scripting language called “LK.” This paper presents a new, full-featured, Python-based application programmable interface (API) for SolarPILOT, which we hereafter refer to as CoPylot. CoPylot provides access to all SolarPILOT’s capabilities to generate and characterize power tower CSP systems seamlessly through Python. Supported capabilities include (i) creating and destroying a model instance with message reporting tools; (ii) accessing and setting any SolarPILOT variable including custom land boundaries for field layouts; (iii) programmatically managing receiver and heliostat objects with varied attributes for systems with multiple receiver or heliostat types; (iv) generating, assigning, and modifying solar field layouts including the ability to set individual heliostat locations, aimpoints, soiling rates, and reflectivity levels; (v) simulating solar field performance; (vi) returning detailed results describing performance of individual heliostats, the aggregate field, and receiver flux distribution; and, (vii) exporting Python-based model instances to multiple file formats. CoPylot enables Python users to perform detailed CSP tower analysis utilizing either the Hermite expansion technique (analytical) or the SolTrace ray-tracing engine. In addition to CoPylot’s functionality, Python users have access to the over 100,000 open-source libraries to develop, analyze, optimize, and visualize power tower CSP research. This enables CSP researchers to perform analysis that was previously not possible through SolarPILOT’s existing interfaces. This paper discusses the capabilities of CoPylot and presents a use case wherein we demonstrate optimal solar field aiming strategies.
41 EE - Solar Energy Technologies Office (EE-4S)↗
CA Air Resource Board's On-Road Diesel Regulation: TRUCRS Reporting for CY2017.
Diesel on-road vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) greater than 14,000 pounds that operate in California are subject to the On-Road Diesel-Vehicle Regulation. SNL/CA operates eight diesel vehicles that are subject to this regulation; four of the vehicles are classified as low-use vehicles and four of the vehicles have Particulate Matter Filters installed as original equipment. This regulation requires that all fleets using flexibility options, such as the low-use exemption, report annually by January 31 in order to extend the exemption for that year. CA ARB encourages facilities to complete the reporting requirements using the TRUCRS on-line reporting tool.
99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
Final Review of FY23 ASC ATDM L2 Milestone, MRT #8541, ATDM Multiphysics Scaling on EAS-3
As displayed in the FY23 ASC Implementation Plan (IP) and the Milestone Reporting Tool (MRT), the milestone description and completion criteria state: Demonstrate the capability to execute mission-relevant calculations with a multiphysics code from the Ristra project at scale on the pre-El Capitan Early Access System 3 (EAS-3). These calculations must use the GPU hardware available on EAS-3, the AMD MI-250s, to achieve any reasonable performance.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
Pavilion 2 Feature Additions [Slides]
Pavilion 2 is a critical component of system testing for LANL HPC systems. Pavilion 2 is system independent, which allows for the creation of a large suite of generalized tests than can be applied to multiple systems. These additions to Pavilion 2 improve our ability to test systems and diagnose issues. With such a large suite, running the proper tests when diagnosing and fixing a system can be difficult, as well as locating old tests for reference. Test configurations may contain several permutations of a test, not all of which may apply to a given system. The ability to run sets of test permutations lets the tester focus on specific parts of the test without having to edit the test configurations or run extraneous tests. The addition of the filter argument improves the ability to find test results based on test attributes, including past tests. Pavilion 2's system independence is largely based on various layers of configuration files. Configuration files for the host, test, and modes exist to allow generalized testing. The operating system configuration layer can provide helpful OS defaults to a test. Survey, a collection and reporting tool, can help us gauge the performance of a system as well as diagnose issues. The addition of a Survey mode in Pavilion 2 makes running tests with Survey very straightforward. The Survey results are combined with Pavilion 2's test results to make it easy to access.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
Pavilion 2 Feature Additions [Slides]
Pavilion 2 is a critical component of system testing for LANL HPC systems. Pavilion 2 is system independent, which allows for the creation of a large suite of generalized tests than can be applied to multiple systems. These additions to Pavilion 2 improve our ability to test systems and diagnose issues. With such a large suite, running the proper tests when diagnosing and fixing a system can be difficult, as well as locating old tests for reference. Test configurations may contain several permutations of a test, not all of which may apply to a given system. The ability to run sets of test permutations lets the tester focus on specific parts of the test without having to edit the test configurations or run extraneous tests. The addition of the filter argument improves the ability to find test results based on test attributes, including past tests. Pavilion 2's system independence is largely based on various layers of configuration files. Configuration files for the host, test, and modes exist to allow generalized testing. The operating system configuration layer can provide helpful OS defaults to a test. Survey, a collection and reporting tool, can help us gauge the performance of a system as well as diagnose issues. The addition of a Survey mode in Pavilion 2 makes running tests with Survey very straightforward. The Survey results are combined with Pavilion 2's test results to make it easy to access.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
JUSTIFI: Open-Source Software for Identifying and Quantifying Non-Energy Benefits
The integration of Non-Energy Benefits (NEBs) into energy efficiency initiatives is essential for operational excellence in manufacturing. This presentation and software demonstration explore how quantifying NEBs such as improved safety, increased quality, and enhanced productivity, can strengthen business cases for energy investments, leading to better payback periods and alignment with organizational goals. We introduce JUSTIFI, a free, open-source software by the U.S. Department of Energy that aids in the measurement of NEBs and enhances understanding of their impact on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and return on investment (ROI). JUSTIFI features an intuitive interface for identifying NEBs, customizable reporting tools, and comprehensive system cataloging, empowering companies to effectively communicate the value of energy efficiency projects. By leveraging this innovative tool, organizations can better navigate energy efficiency assessments and drive support for their energy management initiatives.
29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
A framework for SFC/DC system data analysis
The Shop Floor Control/Data Collection (SFC/DC) system is one of four major modules of the Integrated Work Control System being implemented at the NASA Kennedy Space Center. The SFC/DC system, which has been in operation approximately one and a half years, collects detailed information regarding the duration of tasks as well as work stoppages duration. This information needs to be effectively analyzed, so as be able to manage the shuttle processing activities under the continuous improvement philosophy. We have studied the contents and form of the SFC/DC database, and based on the results of such study, we have designed a Shop floor Modeling, Analysis, and Reporting Tool (SMART). SMART is a collection of compatible tools (off-the-shelf as well as customized C-based tools) that work cohesively to prepare inputs for the analysis models and process the various models. The feasibility of SMART has been demonstrated through an initial prototype.
Centeno, Martha A.↗
Evaluation and Analysis of F-16XL Wind Tunnel Data From Static and Dynamic Tests
A series of wind tunnel tests were conducted in the NASA Langley Research Center as part of an ongoing effort to develop and test mathematical models for aircraft rigid-body aerodynamics in nonlinear unsteady flight regimes. Analysis of measurement accuracy, especially for nonlinear dynamic systems that may exhibit complicated behaviors, is an essential component of this ongoing effort. In this report, tools for harmonic analysis of dynamic data and assessing measurement accuracy are presented. A linear aerodynamic model is assumed that is appropriate for conventional forced-oscillation experiments, although more general models can be used with these tools. Application of the tools to experimental data is demonstrated and results indicate the levels of uncertainty in output measurements that can arise from experimental setup, calibration procedures, mechanical limitations, and input errors.
Kim, Sungwan↗
Comparison of MPEG digital video with super VHS tape for diagnostic echocardiographic readings
BACKGROUND: Digital recording of echocardiographic studies is on the clinical horizon. However, full digital capture of complete echocardiographic studies in traditional video format is impractical, given current storage capacity and network bandwidth. To overcome these constraints, we evaluated the diagnostic image quality of digital video by using MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) compression. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty-eight complete, consecutive studies were recorded simultaneously with the use of MPEG-1 and sVHS videotape. Each matched MPEG and sVHS study pair was reviewed by two from a total of six readers, and findings were recorded with the use of a detailed, computerized reporting tool. Intrareader and interreader discrepancies were characterized as major or minor and analyzed in total and for specific subgroups of findings (left and right ventricular parameters, valvular insufficiency, and left ventricular regional wall motion). Intrareader discrepancies were reviewed by a consensus panel for agreement with either MPEG or sVHS findings. There was an exact concordance between MPEG and sVHS readings in 83% of findings. The majority of discrepancies were minor, with major discrepancies in only 2.7% of findings. There was no difference in the rate of consensus panel agreement with MPEG or sVHS for instances of intrareader discrepancy, either in total or for any subgroup of findings. Interreader discrepancy rates were nearly identical for both MPEG and sVHS. CONCLUSIONS: MPEG-1 digital video is equivalent to sVHS videotape for diagnostic echocardiography. MPEG increases the range of practical options for digital echocardiography and offers, for the first time, the advantages of digital recording in a familiar video format.
Non-NASA Center↗
Advanced Weather Awareness and Reporting Enhancements
AWARE (Aviation Weather Awareness and Reporting Enhancements) was a NASA Cooperative Research and Development program conducted jointly by Rockwell Scientific, Rockwell Collins, and NASA. The effort culminated in an enhanced weather briefing and reporting tool prototype designed to integrate graphical and text-based aviation weather data to provide clear situational awareness in the context of a specific pilot, flight and equipment profile. The initial implementation of AWARE was as a web-based preflight planning tool, specifically for general aviation pilots, who do not have access to support such as the dispatchers available for commercial airlines. Initial usability tests showed that for VFR (Visual Flight Rules) pilots, AWARE provided faster and more effective weather evaluation. In a subsequent formal usability test for IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) pilots, all users finished the AWARE tests faster than the parallel DUAT tests, and all subjects graded AWARE higher for effectiveness, efficiency, and usability. The decision analysis basis of AWARE differentiates it from other aviation safety programs, providing analysis of context-sensitive data in a personalized graphical format to aid pilots/dispatchers in their complex flight requirements.
Busquets, Anthony M.↗
Habitability and Human Factors Assessment (iSHORT, SHAQ, and SHU)
BACKGROUND As long-duration off-planet habitats become a reality, a consideration of habitability and human factors (HF) is crucial. The habitat is more than just a place to live and work. It is also the crew’s perception of the space, and the psychological impacts of size, layout, and usage over time; all of which can support or strain behavioral health and performance (BHP). A previous International Space Station (ISS) habitability study used the iSHORT (Space Habitability Observation Reporting Tool) to collect detailed data about habitability and human factors and inform NASA Standards. Of the previous iSHORT study, only one of the six ISS subjects had a duration of one year; all other ISS and ground analog subjects had shorter mission durations from one week to six months. It is necessary to collect new data with a focus on long-duration exploration missions of > 6 months and on planetary surface habitat design. New data is also needed to compare the iSHORT to other habitability measures. One measure, the SHAQ (Subjective Habitability and Acceptability Questionnaire), assesses the intersection of psychology and habitability. Another complementary measure, the Scale for Habitat Usability (SHU), is a brief subjective scale that captures how habitat design impacts perceived usability of the built environment in relation to task performance. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to (1) understand how individual well-being and team dynamics may relate to HF concerns over time, (2) capture how habitability and HF change over time, (3) compare the three habitability measures (iSHORT, SHAQ, SHU), (4) assess habitats to capture HF design concerns and related BHP impacts of a planetary habitat, and (5) inform future standards for HF design. METHOD Data are being collected on crews living and working in long-duration spaceflight analogs. Individual-level data collections are repeated at regular intervals throughout the missions on several habitat areas, activities, and key equipment (i.e., points of interest). These points of interest (POIs) include the kitchen/galley, crew quarters, and other work and living areas. Assessments include evaluations of privacy, comfort, convenience, control, efficiency, and social density through the lens of subsequent outcomes like sleep, individual performance, group activities performance, stress, mood, and social interactions. Pre- and post-mission evaluations will also allow comparison with homes, pre- and post-mission hotels, and a retrospective reflection of living and working in a long-duration analog. INITIAL DATA COLLECTIONS In this poster, we will describe the measures and data yield. Since the research protocol was designed, the study team has collected iSHORT Standalone four times, nine collections of SHAQ, and three collections of iSHORT with SHAQ. Data collection is ongoing. SUMMARY A novel assessment suite has been developed to further aid the comparison and complementary understanding of the habitability and human factors measures, which will allow for efficient deployment of these measures in analogs and/or spaceflight in near-term research as well as support well-being and performance through design.
J C W Miller↗
Demonstrating SolarPILOT's Python API Through Heliostat Optimal Aimpoint Strategy Use Case: Preprint
SolarPILOT is a software package that generates heliostat field layouts and characterizes the optical performance of concentrating solar power (CSP) tower systems. SolarPILOT was developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) as a stand-alone desktop application but has also been incorporated into NREL's System Advisor Model (SAM) in a simplified format. Prior means for user interaction with SolarPILOT have included the application's graphical interface, the SAM routines with limited configurability, and through a built-in scripting language called "LK." This paper presents a new, full-featured Python-based application programmable interface (API) for SolarPILOT, which we hereafter refer to as CoPylot. CoPylot provides access to all SolarPILOT's capabilities to generate and characterize power tower CSP systems seamlessly through Python. Supported capabilities include (i) creating and destroying a model instances with message reporting tools; (ii) accessing and setting any SolarPILOT variable including custom land boundaries for field layout; (iii) programmatically managing receiver and heliostat objects with varied attributes for systems with multiple receiver or heliostat types; (iv) generating, assigning, and modifying heliostat field layouts including the ability to set individual heliostat locations, aimpoints, soiling rates, and reflectivity levels; (v) simulating heliostat field performance; (vi) returning detailed results describing performance of individual heliostats, the aggregate field, and receiver flux; and, (vii) exporting Python-based model instances to multiple file formats. CoPylot enables Python users to perform detailed tower CSP analysis utilizing either the Hermite expansion technique (analytical) or the SolTrace ray-tracing engine. In addition to CoPylot's functionality, Python users have access to the over 100,000 open-source libraries to develop, analyze, optimize, and visualize CSP tower research.
41 EE - Solar Energy Technologies Office (EE-4S)↗
Experimental research studies on tools for extravehicular maintenance in space, phase 2 Final report
Space tool configurations for extravehicular maintenance
Havener, P. W.↗
Experimental Validation of UO 2 Microstructural Evolutions for NEAMS Tool MARMOT (Final Report)
The project was aimed at experimentally validating the NEAMS tool MARMOT for predicting the GB migration and pore and GB interaction in UO 2 oxide fuel under the driving forces of high temperatures and large temperature gradient anticipated in a LWR fuels. By performing the well-aligned experiments and simulations simultaneously using precisely defined initial conditions, the high-quality experiment data will provide a direct benchmarking of the MARMOT code by evaluating the fidelity of physics, materials science principles and models, and the coupling of multi-physics solutions. A bottom up approach will be used by studying each specific behavior while the code will be statistically validated again the overall structural evolution. The GB energy, specific GB mobility, grain growth kinetic, GB interaction with pores, and effects of large temperature gradients will be specifically studied using experiments. The isothermal grain growth, grain growth under large temperature gradient, and pore and GB interactions will be modeled using 2-D or 3-D simulations. Four questions will be answered at the conclusion of this project: Is the anisotropic grain boundary energy model able to better represent a real view the grain property and would it have a significant impact on the grain growth behavior? Is the classical Zener pinning model in MARMOT sufficient for representing the retarding effect on grain gain boundary migration from pores? Does the temperature gradient have a minimum impact on the average grain growth behavior at varied average temperatures and temperature gradients? Does the pore migrate towards the high temperature domain at the velocities predicted by MARMOT code?
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗