Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “time lapse”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1971

Intensity oscillation in H alpha-fine structures

Using a new technique of directly measuring the intensity variation from the 16mm time-lapse filtergram movies taken in the blue wing and in the line center of H-alpha, periodic intensity oscillations were found in the center of H-alpha supergranulation network, in rosette centers, and in plage granules. The oscillatory period of intensity in the network is of the order of 170 + or - 44 seconds while in regions of stronger magnetic field, such as in plages and in rosettes, the period was found to be longer, on the order of 300 + or - 50 seconds. It is suggested that observed intensity oscillation in the rosette center is related to the shooting out of dark mottles from rosettes. Oscillatory intensity fluctuations were also observed in the sunspot umbra.

Bhatnagar, A.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Studies of the inner shelf and coastal sedimentation environment of the Beaufort Sea from ERTS-1

The author has identified the following significant results. Field studies of the initiation of river flow onto the frozen Arctic Ocean were made by a group of scientists from May 15 to June 10, 1972. A time lapse camera mounted on a 40-ft. tower near the mouth of the Kaparuk River, west of Prudhoe Bay, provided a detailed 10-day record (24 hours a day) of flow direction and water level. It is believed that wind build-up, discharge variance of the river, and through-ice drainage rates are the prime factors influencing overflow onto the sea ice. Current meter, transmissometer, temperature, salinity, and thermoprobe data were collected from holes drilled in the shorefast ice from seal holes and from the river water overflow. Depth and a real distribution of the overflow water were monitored from the ice using snowmobiles, and from the air using helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft. Photographic records were made on 35mm KII, KX, Ektachrome IR, Plus X, and IR black and white film. A simple two camera frame permitted simultaneous exposures of two types of film. Preliminary comparisons of the IR and conventional films, both color and black and white, showed no advantage to using the infrared film. However, the low altitude photography taken during this study will be very helpful in the interpretation of ERTS-1 imagery.

Reimnitz, E.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Intensity oscillation in H-alpha fine structure.

Using a new technique of directly measuring the intensity variation from the 16 mm time-lapse filtergram movies taken in the blue wing and in the line center of H-alpha, we found periodic intensity oscillations in the center of H-alpha supergranulation network, in rosette centers and in plage granules. The oscillatory period of intensity in the network is of the order of 170 plus or minus 44 seconds while in regions of stronger magnetic field, such as in plages and in rosettes, the period was found to be longer, on the order of 300 plus or minus 50 seconds. It is suggested that observed intensity oscillation in the rosette center is related to the shooting out of dark mottles from rosettes. Oscillatory intensity fluctuations have been also observed in the sunspot umbra.

Bhatnagar, A.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Plume development in Long Island Sound observed by remote sensing (ERTS-1)

As the Connecticut River flows into Long Island Sound, large plumes are developed during the mixing of ocean and estuarine waters. Plumes were delineated for July 28, October 8, October 27, and December 2, 1972, by analyzing ERTS-1 imagery with the SRI electronic satellite image analysis console (ESIAC). Insertion of MSS band 5 into the ESIAC produced the best result in this analysis. The four plumes that have been delineated provide the first input to a time-lapse analysis of circulation patterns at the eastern end of Long Island Sound.

Ruggles, F. H., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Dynamics of suspended sediment plumes in Lake Ontario

The author has identified the following significant results. Enhancement of ERTS-1 imagery yielded excellent quality 35-mm color slides and prints of several prominent turbidity plumes in Lake Ontario. Selected ERTS-1 frames of the Welland Canal and Genesee River plumes will be used to develop time-lapse sequences showing the impact of wind stress on each plume. Unusually high lake levels during the spring resulted in extensive beach erosion along the entire Lake Ontario shoreline. The resulting high concentrations of suspended matter generated highly turbid (up to 420 JTU) nearshore conditions that appeared milky white in the imagery obtained April 12 and 29th, 1973. During the shipping season, both the Welland Canal and a diversion channel at Port Dalhousie, Ontario, produced readily identifiable turbidity plumes in Lake Ontario. However, in the winter neither plume was visible in the ERTS-1 imagery suggesting sharply lower sediment discharge into Lake Ontario from these sources.

Pluhowski, E. J.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Experimental test of plant canopy reflectance models on cotton

Spectroradiometric data on the bidirectional reflectance function was collected for a cotton canopy as a function of observer zenith angle, observer angle, and solar zenith angle. The area under study was about 40 miles from the Gulf of Mexico and the prevailing winds blew inland such that cloud formation increased during the day. The standard reflectance panel was constructed of plywood that had been spray painted with a flat white latex paint. Physical and optical plant parameters were measured. A time lapse mechanism was constructed to operate a 16 mm movie camera such that single frames could be exposed at intervals of one per second up to one per hour. Data were digitized from a strip chart recorder and reflectance panel measurements.

Lemaster, E. W.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Image reproduction with interactive graphics

Software application or development in optical image digital data processing requires a fast, good quality, yet inexpensive hard copy of processed images. To achieve this, a Cambo camera with an f 2.8/150-mm Xenotar lens in a Copal shutter having a Graflok back for 4 x 5 Polaroid type 57 pack-film has been interfaced to an existing Adage, AGT-30/Electro-Mechanical Research, EMR 6050 graphic computer system. Time-lapse photography in conjunction with a log to linear voltage transformation has resulted in an interactive system capable of producing a hard copy in 54 sec. The interactive aspect of the system lies in a Tektronix 4002 graphic computer terminal and its associated hard copy unit.

Buckner, J. D.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The response of single human cells to zero gravity

The SO15 experiment was designed to extend observations of the effects of zero-gravity to living human cells during and subsequent to a 59-day flight on Skylab 3. A strain of diploid human embryonic lung cells, WI-38, was chosen for this purpose. The studies were concerned with observations designed to detect the effects of zero-gravity on cell growth rates and on cell structure as observed by light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy and histochemistry. Studies of the effects of zero-gravity on the cell function and the cell cycle were performed by time lapse motion picture photography and microspectrophotometry. Subsequent study of the returned living cells included karotyping, G- and C-banding, and analyses of the culture media used. Some of the living cells returned were banked by deep freeze techniques for possible future experiments.

Montgomery, P. O., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Multi-slit spectrograph and H alpha Doppler system

Description of the design and operation of a multiple-entrance-slit spectrograph, built for time-lapse photography of the spectra of flares and other transient solar phenomena. This spectrograph employs narrow-band filters to limit the wavelength range of the spectrograph to a few angstroms centered at H-alpha or other spectral lines. A polarizing beamsplitter, prior to the slits, provides a prefiltered second solar image to a narrow band H-alpha Doppler filter for simultaneous photography in the wings of the H-alpha line. The spectrograph and the H-alpha Doppler system constitute a flexible instrument in which components may be substituted to achieve different passband widths, image scales, dispersions, and corresponding numbers and spacings of adjacent spectra at a selected wavelength.

Martin, S. F.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Digital registration of ERTS-1 imagery

Two requirements for the registration of Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) data are discussed. These requirements are registration of ERTS data acquired on separate passes and registration of ERTS data to a ground reference. Performances of a semi-automatic warp algorithm and an automatic pipeline processing algorithm demonstrate that either procedure is useful, depending upon the user's requirements. In two cases where the time lapse between passes of the satellite were 90 days and 18 days the automatic pipeline processor reduced the mean radial registration error to 0.28 and 0.58 pixel, respectively. It is concluded that this technique is promissing for high-volume production processing.

Bonrud, L. O.↗
NASA NTRS1975

The response of single human cells to zero gravity

Twenty separate cultures of Wistar-38 human embryonic lung cells were exposed to a zero-gravity environment on Skylab for periods of time ranging from one to 59 days. Duplicate cultures were run concurrently as ground controls. Ten cultures were fixed on board the satellite during the first 12 days of flight. Growth curves, DNA microspectrophotometry, phase microscopy, and ultrastructural studies of the fixed cells revealed no effects of a zero-gravity environment on the ten cultures. Two cultures were photographed with phase time lapse cinematography during the first 27 days of flight. No differences were found in mitotic index, cell cycle, and migration between the flight and control cells. Eight cultures were returned to earth in an incubated state. Karyotyping and chromosome banding tests show no differences between the flight and control cells.

Montgomery, P. O., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Image animation for theme enhancement and change detection

Animated displays are useful in enhancing subtle temporally related changes in scenes viewed by satellites capable of providing repetitive coverage. The detectability of fixed features is also improved through the help of the powerful visual integration process. To expedite the process of assembling and displaying well-registered, time-lapse sequences and to provide means for making quantitative measurements of radiances, displacements, and areas, an electronic satellite image analysis console was constructed. During the LANDSAT-1 program, this equipment was applied to the needs of a number of earth resource investigators with interests principally related to dynamic hydrology. The measurement of the areal extent of snow cover within defined drainage basins is discussed as a representative applications example.

Evans, W. E.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Flight 1 technical report for experiment 74-37 contained polycrystalline solidification in low-G

A .005 M solution of fluorescein in cyclohexanol was directionally solidified in a standard 10 x 10 x 45mm UV silica cuvette, using a bottom thermoelectric chilling device. Progress of the experiment was monitored by time lapse photography. During flight (SPAR I) the camera malfunctioned and only one quarter of the expected data were collected. Comparison of flight and ground specimens indicated that: (1) The dark green layer observed ahead of the solid-liquid interface which is most likely the solute-enriched zone, appears to be wider in the flight specimen; (2) Parasitic nucleation ahead of the solid-liquid interface in the flight sample led to an irregularly shaped interface, smaller grain size, equiaxed grain morphology and a larger average macroscopic growth rate; (3) The formation of equiaxed grains ahead of the solid-liquid interface in the flight specimen may be attributed to ordered islands within the liquid, which survived remelting because of the low degree of superheating (approximately equal to 1.5 C), did not settle because of reduced gravity and acted as nuclei during cooling.

Papaziak, J. M.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Application of LANDSAT MSS data to the study of oceanographical environment

The author has identified the following significant results. LANDSAT MSS data of a three year time lapse indicate change of sea surface condition in Seto Inland Sea and coastal region. The red tide which formerly concentrated in the bay or inland sea now extends into an open sea. A small ocean vortex similar to mesoscale atmospheric vortex is revealed by the band 4 image of the satellite data. A manual photographic method applied to a single band image of MSS is effective in detecting sea surface pollution.

Maruyasu, T.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Environmental change pattern in central Japan as revealed by LANDSAT data

The author has identified the following significant results. A patched cirrus reported by weather stations was hardly recognizable by the eye in LANDSAT MSS data of a three year time lapse. The cloud cover affected radiance values significantly in band 4, while its effect was minimal in bands 6 and 7 (near infrared spectra). The cross correlation coefficient analysis between the two images indicated that the highest value obtained in central Japan was 0.963 for the area where little change occurred in land use over the three period. An analysis of land use in Nagoya showed little change in the metropolitan area while a fairly large change occurred in the northern periphery of the city where large scale housing projects are located.

Maruyasu, T.↗
NASA NTRS1977

H-alpha macrospicules - Identification with EUV macrospicules and with flares in X-ray bright points

The paper presents observational evidence that two newly observed transient solar phenomena, EUV macrospicules and X-ray bright-point flares, are closely related. Time-lapse H-alpha filtergram observations of the limb in quiet regions show small surgelike eruptions called H-alpha macrospicules. From the similarity of H-alpha macrospicules and EUV macrospicules, and from comparison of simultaneous H-alpha and He II 304 A observations, we conclude that H-alpha macrospicules are EUV macrospicules viewed in H-alpha, although most EUV macrospicules are too faint in H-alpha to appear on H-alpha filtergrams of normal exposure. From comparison of simultaneous X-ray and H-alpha observations of flares in X-ray bright points situated on the limb, we show that flares in X-ray bright points often produce H-alpha macrospicules.

Moore, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Cinemicrographic specimen housing

Housing used to observe gravitation effects on specimens embedded in support media, such as agar, supports microbial specimens vertically for time-lapsed cinemicrographic studies. Procedure cannot be performed with conventional microscopes which see specimens in horizontal plane only.

Wilkins, J. R.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Impact of Short Interval SMS Digital Data on Wind Vector Determination for a Severe Local Storms Area

The impact of 5 minute interval SMS-2 visible digital image data in analyzing severe local storms is examined using wind vectors derived from cloud tracking on time lapsed sequence of geosynchronous satellite images. The cloud tracking areas are located in the Central Plains, where on 6 May 1975, hail-producing thunderstorms occurred ahead of a well defined dry line. The results demonstrate that satellite-derived wind vectors and their associated divergence fields complement conventional meteorological analyses in describing the conditions preceding severe local storm development.

Peslen, C. A.↗