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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 739 records · Page 41
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2021

Crop-CASMA - A Web GIS Tool for Cropland soil moisture Monitoring and Assessment Based on SMAP Data

Timely, frequent, and complete cropland soil moisture information acquired throughout the growing season is critical for agricultural policy, production, food security, and food prices. The NASA Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) mission provides a reliable data source for cropland soil moisture assessment. This paper presents Crop-CASMA - a web GIS application tool for cropland soil moisture monitoring and assessment based on SMAP data. This interactive Web service-based GIS application tool enables CONUS SMAP derived soil moisture data visualization, dissemination, and analytics. In this paper, we describe the Crop-CASMA application system architecture, the application implementation, and the data it serves. In addition, we also present a few snapshots of the Crop-CASMA data for cropland soil moisture monitoring. The release of Crop-CASMA greatly enhances the user experience and facilitates using soil moisture data products for crop condition monitoring and decision support.

Reichle, Rolf H.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Interactive access and management for four-dimensional environmental data sets using McIDAS

Significant accomplishments in the following areas are presented: (1) enhancements to the visualization of 5-D data sets (VIS-5D); (2) development of the visualization of global images (VIS-GI) application; (3) design of the Visualization for Algorithm Development (VIS-AD) System; and (4) numerical modeling applications. The focus of current research and future research plans is presented and the following topics are addressed: (1) further enhancements to VIS-5D; (2) generalization and enhancement of the VIS-GI application; (3) the implementation of the VIS-AD System; and (4) plans for modeling applications.

Hibbard, William L.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Approach to using 3D laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) data to explore the interaction of FLiNaK and FLiBe molten salts with nuclear-grade graphite

Nuclear graphite has historically been a key component of many nuclear reactor designs and has emerged as key to numerous advanced nuclear reactor design concepts. Molten salt reactors (MSRs) are one broad group of advanced reactor designs currently being pursued by industry for commercialization. Several MSR designs under consideration use graphitic materials that directly interface with a molten salt, whether it is a fuel salt, coolant salt, or both. Therefore, the interaction of graphite materials with molten salts must be understood. To gain this required understanding, a range of data is needed including porosity, strength, and composition as a function of different salt exposure parameters. In this study, a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurement and data analysis methodology was developed to obtain spatially resolved elemental composition information for graphite samples exposed to a molten fluoride salt. Traditional univariate emission line analysis of atomic, ionic, and molecular optical emission signals was coupled via correlation analysis with spectral decomposition of the data using principal component analysis. Elemental depth profiling and elemental mapping were also performed to visualize salt–graphite interactions. LIBS was demonstrated to be useful for measuring key analytes such as fluorine and hydrogen, which are troublesome for other analysis techniques. Evidence for complex behavior was found, thereby demonstrating the usefulness of the developed approach for future systematic studies.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
NASA NTRS1997

Visualization in the Design of Modern Aircraft Aerodynamics

Modem aircraft design involves study of airflow through both windtunnel testing and computer simulation. These computer simulations result in often very large and complex sets of numbers, which contain information critical to the aircrafts performance. This talk will describe how visualization is used to understand these simulations, using a variety of techniques including low-level analysis such as simulated particles, high-level feature detection, and virtual-reality-based techniques for exploration. We will focus on the challenges of extremely large data sets, interactive performance, and information extraction. The talk will close with a vision of the future including the integration of simulation and visualization.

Bryson, Steve↗
NASA NTRS1984

Flow-field measurements on an airfoil with an oscillating trailing-edge using holographic interferometry

Holographic interferometry data were acquired on an NACA 64A010 airfoil with an oscillating flap. The airfoil was installed in the Ames 11-Foot Transonic Wind Tunnel between splitter plates. Recordings were made at discrete phase angles of the oscillation. The interferometry results provided detailed flow visualization of the shock boundary-layer interaction and the separated flow. Quantitative results were extracted from the interferograms to produce pressure data. These results were compared to the surface pressures obtained with the surface pressure taps. Excellent agreement was found for low angles of incidence. At larger angles of incidence, the flow had greater three-dimensionality, and the results were not in good agreement in some regions of the flow field. Mach contours were traced for representative flow conditions. Wake profiles were also obtained using the assumption of constant pressure across the wake and the Crocco relationship.

Bachalo, W. D.↗
NASA NTRS2021

PIXLISE-C: Exploring The Data Analysis Needs of NASA Scientists for Mineral Identification

NASA JPL scientists working on the micro x-ray fluorescence (microXRF) spectroscopy data collected from Mars surface perform data analysis to look for signs of past microbial life on Mars. Their data analysis workflow mainly involves identifying mineral com- pounds through the element abundance in spatially distributed data points. Working with the NASA JPL team, we identified pain points and needs to further develop their existing data visualization and analysis tool. Specifically, the team desired improvements for the process of creating and interpreting mineral composition groups. To address this problem, we developed an interactive tool that enables scientists to (1) cluster the data using either manual lasso-tool selection or through various machine learning clustering algorithms, and (2) compare the clusters and individual data points to make informed decisions about mineral compositions. Our preliminary tool supports a hybrid data analysis workflow where the user can manually refine the machine-generated clusters.

Davidoff, Scott↗
DOE OSTI2023

WELLS Database

The Wellbore Exploration and Location Logistic System (WELLS) is a living national wellbore database - created and maintained by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). This resource contains more than seven million public wellbore records from state, federal, and tribal resources. Sourced from over 65 authoritative, yet disparate resources, the WELLS Database combines and synthesizes well data from oil, gas, underground injection, research, geothermal, geotechnical, groundwater and other types of wells in a single, unified system. This resource can be explored and visualized through the WELLS Interactive Application, also on EDX: https://edx.netl.doe.gov/dataset/wells-interactive-application The WELLS Database (formerly titled CO2-Locate) is an integrated national well dataset, representing open-source wellbore data from disparate state, tribal, and federal entities. The database provides publicly available well header data with key attributes such as well age, depth, and status. The database contains a fully integrated CSV file with all values in numerical columns, such as depth, converted into numbers. This version has a NETL derived API (American Petroleum Institute) number column and has been handled for redundancies, resulting in one record for every unique API number. The database also contains a fully integrated CSV file, where all original data are kept as text values. Additionally, the database includes a shapefile containing key attributes and coordinates from the integrated dataset, reformatted public wells CSV files, and a proprietary well density grid shapefile. Notes for consideration: The WELLS Database will be updated periodically with new datasets and information. A field dictionary with field (i.e., attribute) coverage across acquired public well resources, and the resulting integrated public well datasets are available in the spreadsheet, WELLS_Field_Dictionary.xlsx. Summary layers provided in this database are derived from proprietary layers and do not always contain key features (status, type, true vertical depth, or spud year) and therefore might not be shown when data are queried for those features.

AS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Visualization of flow interaction in a channel flow produced by a pair of helically coiled rods

Helically coiled tubes have been considered in the design of steam generators or heat exchangers of next generation nuclear power plants. Its compactness, efficiency, and the capability to absorb thermal expansion are desirable for nuclear reactor designs. However, the complex flow generated by the helically coiled geometry can result in flow induced vibration (FIV). In order to predict the FIV, there have been efforts using Computational Fluid dynamics (CFD)4, 5 to be coupled with multi-mechanics simulations. However, it is required to validate CFD to have confidence in capturing the flow structure characteristics of the transient complex flow behavior and fluctuation. In the present study, a simplified helically coiled steam generator (HCSG) design experiment was built acquiring data for CFD validation purpose. It is not perfect representation of the multiple rods, however, the current test facility produced transient data of the flow interaction between the rods and flow fluctuations near the rods. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was applied to visualize the turbulent flow in a channel with slant rods. The two dimensional turbulent flow fields were analyzed. The velocity components were defined as below. u = U + u' (1) v = V + v' (2) where u is the lateral velocity on x-axis, v is the vertical velocity on y-axis, U and V are the mean velocities, and u' and v' are the fluctuation. Reynolds number, Re, was calculated using the rod diameter, d = 15.9 mm, and the upstream approach velocity, V{sub 0} = 0.5 m/s. Re = V{sub 0} d/η (3) where η is the kinematic viscosity of water. The experiment was conducted at Re ≅ 9,000 considering the currently reasonable computing power. Flow visualization in a flow channel produced by helically coiled rods was performed using PIV. The mean velocity field and streamlines were presented in this paper. The vortical flow structures in the cavity between rods were observed. Because of the asymmetric geometry, the flow profile was skewed. Additional measurements and transient analysis will be conducted to produce benchmark data for FIV study using CFD. Also, a test facility with a 5-rod heat exchanger design is operating to produce more data as a further work.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2018

PySFD: comprehensive molecular insights from significant feature differences detected among many simulated ensembles

Motivation Many modeling analyses of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are based on a definition of states that can be (groups of) clusters of simulation frames in a feature space composed of molecular coordinates. With increasing dimension of this feature space (due to the increasing size or complexity of a simulated molecule), it becomes very difficult to cluster the underlying MD data and estimate a statistically robust model. To mitigate this “curse of dimensionality”, one can reduce the feature space, e.g., with principal component or time-lagged independent component analysis transformations, focusing the analysis on the most important modes of transitions. In practice, however, all these reduction strategies may neglect important molecular details that are susceptible to experimental verification. Results To recover such molecular details, I have developed PySFD (Significant Feature Differences analyzer for Python), a multi-processing software package that efficiently selects significantly different features of any user-defined feature type among potentially many different simulated state ensembles, such as meta-stable states of a Markov State Model (MSM). Applying PySFD on MSMs of an aggregate of 300 microseconds MD simulations recently performed on the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) protein, I demonstrate how this toolkit can extract and visualize valuable mechanistic information from big MD simulation data, e.g., in form of networks of dynamic interaction changes connecting functionally relevant sites of a protein complex.

Biochemistry & Molecular Biology↗
DOE OSTI2024

Plant Metabolic Network 16: expansion of underrepresented plant groups and experimentally supported enzyme data

Abstract The Plant Metabolic Network (PMN) is a free online database of plant metabolism available at https://plantcyc.org. The latest release, PMN 16, provides metabolic databases representing >1200 metabolic pathways, 1.3 million enzymes, >8000 metabolites, >10 000 reactions and >15 000 citations for 155 plant and green algal genomes, as well as a pan-plant reference database called PlantCyc. This release contains 29 additional genomes compared with PMN 15, including species listed by the African Orphan Crop Consortium and nonflowering plant species. Furthermore, 52 new enzymes with experimentally supported function information have been included in this release. The single-species databases contain a combination of experimental information from the literature and computationally predicted information obtained through PMN’s database generation pipeline for a single species, while PlantCyc contains only experimental information but for any species within Viridiplantae. PMN is a comprehensive resource for querying, visualizing, analyzing and interpreting omics data with metabolic knowledge. It also serves as a useful and interactive tool for teaching plant metabolism.

Hawkins, Charles (ORCID:0000000312849047)↗
DOE OSTI2021

Blending Machine Learning and Interaction Design in Audio Explorer

The results of machine learning models can often be difficult to interpret, especially for domain experts. Audio Explorer, the winning entry of the 2018 VAST Challenge, is an interactive data exploration tool that effectively communicates machine learning results, using coordinated geospatial, temporal, and auditory visualizations to promote information discovery.

Visual analytics, VAST Challenge↗
DOE OSTI2017

Basin Assessment Spatial Planning Platform

The tool is intended to facilitate hydropower development and water resource planning by improving synthesis and interpretation of disparate spatial datasets that are considered in development actions (e.g., hydrological characteristics, environmentally and culturally sensitive areas, existing or proposed water power resources, climate-informed forecasts). The tool enables this capability by providing a unique framework for assimilating, relating, summarizing, and visualizing disparate spatial data through the use of spatial aggregation techniques, relational geodatabase platforms, and an interactive web-based Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Data are aggregated and related based on shared intersections with a common spatial unit; in this case, industry-standard hydrologic drainage areas for the U.S. (National Hydrography Dataset) are used as the spatial unit to associate planning data. This process is performed using all available scalar delineations of drainage areas (i.e., region, sub-region, basin, sub-basin, watershed, sub-watershed, catchment) to create spatially hierarchical relationships among planning data and drainages. These entity-relationships are stored in a relational geodatabase that provides back-end structure to the web GIS and its widgets. The full technology stack was built using all open-source software in modern programming languages. Interactive widgets that function within the viewport are also compatible with all modern browsers.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1978

Computer display and manipulation of biological molecules

This paper describes a computer model that was designed to investigate the conformation of molecules, macromolecules and subsequent complexes. Utilizing an advanced 3-D dynamic computer display system, the model is sufficiently versatile to accommodate a large variety of molecular input and to generate data for multiple purposes such as visual representation of conformational changes, and calculation of conformation and interaction energy. Molecules can be built on the basis of several levels of information. These include the specification of atomic coordinates and connectivities and the grouping of building blocks and duplicated substructures using symmetry rules found in crystals and polymers such as proteins and nucleic acids. Called AIMS (Ames Interactive Molecular modeling System), the model is now being used to study pre-biotic molecular evolution toward life.

Coeckelenbergh, Y.↗
NASA NTRS1995

Software Aids In Graphical Depiction Of Flow Data

Interactive Data Display System (IDDS) computer program is graphical-display program designed to assist in visualization of three-dimensional flow in turbomachinery. Grid and simulation data files in PLOT3D format required for input. Able to unwrap volumetric data cone associated with centrifugal compressor and display results in easy-to-understand two- or three-dimensional plots. IDDS provides majority of visualization and analysis capability for Integrated Computational Fluid Dynamics and Experiment (ICE) system. IDDS invoked from any subsystem, or used as stand-alone package of display software. Generates contour, vector, shaded, x-y, and carpet plots. Written in C language. Input file format used by IDDS is that of PLOT3D (COSMIC item ARC-12782).

Stegeman, J. D.↗
NASA NTRS1998

How Human Factors Drove the Design and Implementation of the Virtual Windtunnel

This viewgraph presentation describes decisions made at the NASA Ames Research Center during its development of a virtual windtunnel to assist humans in visualizing computational fluid dynamics simulations. User requirements for the system include the simulation of vortical structure, pressure distribution, and overall sense of flow. In addition, the system needs to support a variety of interfaces, excluding head mounts, and needs to use an object oriented approach. Direct manipulation of the system is most user-friendly when limited to only grab and point gestures. 'Visualization control tools' (vtools) improve the realism of the system. The necessary object oriented programming is in C++ and openGL. Users interact with objects called 'tools', which include vtools and tools which control the virtual wind tunnel environment. Other objects include data objects accessed by the visualizations. Visualizations can be added to the system by the user. The presentation includes a discussion of run-time architecture, and issues related to computation and implementation.

Bryson, Steve↗
NASA NTRS2012

Supersonic Retropropulsion Experimental Results from the NASA Ames 9- x 7-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel

Supersonic retropropulsion was experimentally examined in the Ames Research Center 9x7-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel at Mach 1.8 and 2.4. The experimental model, previously designed for and tested in the Langley Research Center Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel at Mach 2.4, 3.5 and 4.6, was a 5-in diameter 70-deg sphere-cone forebody with a 9.55-in long cylindrical aftbody. The forebody was designed to accommodate up to four 4:1 area ratio nozzles, one on the model centerline and the other three on the half radius spaced 120-deg apart. Surface pressure and flow visualization were the primary measurements, including high-speed data to investigate the dynamics of the interactions between the bow and nozzle shocks. Three blowing configurations were tested with thrust coefficients up to 10 and angles of attack up to 20-deg. Preliminary results and observations from the test are provided

Berry, Scott A.↗
NASA NTRS2017

Mars Trek: An Interactive Web Portal for Current and Future Missions to Mars

NASA's Mars Trek (https://marstrek.jpl.nasa.gov) provides a web-based Portal and a suite of interactive visualization and analysis tools to enable mission planners, lunar scientists, and engineers to access mapped data products from past and current missions to Mars. During the past year, the capabilities and data served by Mars Trek have been significantly expanded beyond its original design as a public outreach tool. At the request of NASA's Science Mission Directorate and Human Exploration Operations Mission Directorate, Mars Trek's technology and capabilities are now being extended to support site selection and analysis activities for the first human missions to Mars.

Mars Trek↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Radiation Data Portal: Connection of Radiation Measurements on Airplane Flights with Observations of Solar-Terrestrial Environment

The impact of solar radiation dramatically increases at high altitudes in the Earth’s atmosphere and in space. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the radiation environment is critical for the safety of aircraft and spacecraft crews and passengers. Addressing the problem requires a complex approach of integration of different data sources and enhancement of the visualization and search capabilities. The Radiation Portal Database represents an interactive web-based application for convenient search and visualization of in-flight radiation measurements and exploration of various properties related to the radiation environment. The primary element of the Radiation Portal back-end is a MySQL relational database that currently contains the radiation measurements obtained from the Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS)device, and soft X-ray and proton fluxes from Geostationary Orbiting Environmental Satellite (GOES). The developed Application Programming Interface (API) and related Python routines allow a user to retrieve the database records directly and efficiently, without interaction with the web interface. As a use case of the Radiation Portal, we examine the properties of the ARMAS flights taken during the enhanced Solar Proton (SP) fluxes and compare them to the flights of similar time and location taken during SP-quiet periods.

SMD↗