Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “Coupled simulation”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 757 records · Page 42

ANS MultiApps tutorial

The Multiphysics Object-Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE) [1] is an open-source, parallel finite element framework which provides the foundation formany advanced modeling and simulation tools developed under the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program [2] for the analysis of advanced reactors. The MOOSE framework provides the common foundational capability on which many NEAMS codes for reactor analysis are built. The MOOSE framework also includes several systems to assemble unique workflows and coupling amongMOOSE-based applications. In particular, the MultiApp and Transfer systems are widely used to assemble different MOOSE-based or MOOSE- wrapped physics applications together to perform loosely or tightly coupled multiphysics simulations. The National Reactor Innovation Center’s (NRIC’s) Virtual Test Bed (VTB) [3] hosts publicly available nuclear reactor multiphysics simulation examples which leverage MOOSE’s MultiApp system to meet the modeling needs of different reactor types. The flexibility and robustness of coupling provided by MOOSE permits rapid development of coupled physics models for a wide range of reactor types and events.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗

Simulation Study of Near-Surface Coupling of Nuclear Devices vs. Equivalent High-Explosive Charges

A computational study was performed to examine the differences in near-surface ground-waves and air-blast waves generated by high-explosive energy sources and those generated by much higher energy - density low - yield nuclear sources. The study examined the effect of explosive-source emplacement (i.e., height-of-burst, HOB, or depth-of-burial, DOB) over a range from depths of -35m to heights of 20m, for explosions with an explosive yield of 1-kt . The chemical explosive was modeled by a JWL equation-of-state model for a ~14m diameter sphere of ANFO (~1,200,000kg – 1 k t equivalent yield ), and the high-energy-density source was modeled as a one tonne (1000 kg) plasma of ‘Iron-gas’ (utilizing LLNL’s tabular equation-of-state database, LEOS) in a 2m diameter sphere, with a total internal-energy content equivalent to 1 k t . A consistent equivalent-yield coupling-factor approach was developed to compare the behavior of the two sources. The results indicate that the equivalent-yield coupling-factor for air-blasts from 1 k t ANFO explosions varies monotonically and continuously from a nearly perfec t reflected wave off of the ground surface for a HOB ≈ 20m, to a coupling factor of nearly zero at DOB ≈ -25m. The nuclear air - blast coupling curve, on the other hand, remained nearly equal to a perfectly reflected wave all the way down to HOB’s very near zero, and then quickly dropped to a value near zero for explosions with a DOB ≈ -10m. The near - surface ground - wave traveling horizontally out from the explosive source region to distances of 100’s of meters exhibited equivalent - yield coupling - factors t hat varied nearly linearly with HOB/DOB for the simulated ANFO explosive source, going from a value near zero at HOB ≈ 5m to nearly one at DOB ≈ -25m. The nuclear-source generated near-surface ground wave coupling-factor remained near zero for almost all HOB’s greater than zero, and then appeared to vary nearly - linearly with depth-of-burial until it reached a value of one at a DOB between 15m and 20m. These simulations confirm the expected result that the variation of coupling to the ground, or the air, change s much more rapidly with emplacement location for a high-energy-density (i.e., nuclear-like) explosive source than it does for relatively low - energy - density chemical explosive sources. The Energy Partitioning, Energy Coupling (EPEC) platform at LLNL utilizes laser energy from one quad (i.e. 4-laser beams) of the 192 - beam NIF Laser bank to deliver ~10kJ of energy to 1mg of silver in a hohlraum creating an effective small-explosive ‘source’ with an energy density comparable to those in low-yield nuclear devices. Such experiments have the potential to provide direct experimental confirmation of the simulation results obtained in this study, at a physical scale (and time-scale) which is a factor of 1000 smaller than the spatial- or temporal-scales typically encountered when dealing with nuclear explosions.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗

Exploring poly-crystallization in semiconductors through assumption-less growth simulations: CdTe/CdS case study

Crystal growth is a complex process with far-reaching implications for high-performance materials across various fields. Recent advancements in structural analysis methods such as polyhedral template matching, which allows semiconductor-specific analysis, coupled with simulation technology, have enabled the comprehensive study of crystallization dynamics in semiconductors. However, the exploration of polycrystalline semiconductors created with minimal external intervention of the crystallization processes is relatively uncharted in comparison with metals. In this study, we employ molecular dynamics to simulate the growth of polycrystalline CdTe/CdS with the assumptions of classical mechanics, a Stillinger–Weber potential, an amorphous substrate, and common vapor growth conditions to allow the polycrystalline structures to evolve naturally. Post-simulation, we identify and analyze impactful structures and events, comparing them to theory and experiment to gain insight into various modes of crystallization dynamics. Two research questions guided the study: (1) How realistic are assumption-less simulated polycrystalline semiconductor structures? (2) To what extent can the approach provide insight into crystallization? The simulations, performed with minimal external control, yield polycrystalline structures mirroring experimental findings. The analysis reveals key crystallization insights, such as the role of amorphous atoms in the transition from nucleation to grain growth and the transformative impact of single events, such as dislocations, on crystallization dynamics. The method paves the way for reproducing and analyzing realistic polycrystalline semiconductor structures with minimal simulation assumptions across various growth modes.

Abdullah, Sharmin↗

Interface Tracking Investigation of Geometric Effects on the Bubbly Flow in PWR Subchannels

We report that absorbing heat from the fuel rod surface, water as coolant can undergo subcooled boiling within a pressurized water reactor (PWR) fuel rod bundle. Because of the buoyancy effect, the vapor bubbles generated will then rise along and interact with the subchannel geometries. Reliable prediction of bubble behavior is of immense importance to ensure safe and stable reactor operation. However, given a complex engineering system like a nuclear reactor, it is very challenging (if not impossible) to conduct high-resolution measurements to study bubbly flows under reactor operation conditions. The lack of a fundamental two-phase-flow database is hindering the development of accurate two-phase-flow models required in more advanced reactor designs. In response to this challenge, first-principles–based numerical simulations are emerging as an attractive alternative to produce a complementary data source along with experiments. Leveraged by the unprecedented computing power offered by state-of-the-art supercomputers, direct numerical simulation (DNS), coupled with interface tracking methods, is becoming a practical tool to investigate some of the most challenging engineering flow problems. In the presented research, turbulent bubbly flow is simulated via DNS in single PWR subchannel geometries with auxiliary structures (e.g., supporting spacer grid and mixing vanes). The geometric effects these structures exert on the bubbly flow are studied with both a conventional time-averaging approach and a novel dynamic bubble tracking method. Lastly, the new insights obtained will help inform better two-phase models that can contribute to safer and more efficient nuclear reactor systems.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

Assessing CESM2 Clouds and Their Response to Climate Change Using Cloud Regimes

Abstract The Community Earth System Model, version 2 (CESM2), has a very high climate sensitivity driven by strong positive cloud feedbacks. To evaluate the simulated clouds in the present climate and characterize their response with climate warming, a clustering approach is applied to three independent satellite cloud products and a set of coupled climate simulations. Using k -means clustering with a Wasserstein distance cost function, a set of typical cloud configurations is derived for the satellite cloud products. Using satellite simulator output, the model clouds are classified into the observed cloud regimes in both current and future climates. The model qualitatively reproduces the observed cloud configurations in the historical simulation using the same time period as the satellite observations, but it struggles to capture the observed heterogeneity of clouds which leads to an overestimation of the frequency of a few preferred cloud regimes. This problem is especially apparent for boundary layer clouds. Those low-level cloud regimes also account for much of the climate response in the late twenty-first century in four shared socioeconomic pathway simulations. The model reduces the frequency of occurrence of these low-cloud regimes, especially in tropical regions under large-scale subsidence, in favor of regimes that have weaker cloud radiative effects.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗

TOUGH3-FLAC3D: a modeling approach for parallel computing of fluid flow and geomechanics

The recent development of the TOUGH3 code allows for a faster and more reliable fluid flow simulator. At the same time, new versions of FLAC3D are released periodically, allowing for new features and faster execution. In this paper, we present the first implementation of the coupling between TOUGH3 and FLAC3Dv6/7, maintaining parallel computing capabilities for the coupled fluid flow and geomechanical codes. We compare the newly developed version with analytical solutions and with the previous approach, and provide some performance analysis on different meshes and varying the number of running processors. Finally, we present two case studies related to fault reactivation during CO 2 sequestration and nuclear waste disposal. The use of parallel computing allows for meshes with a larger number of elements, and hence more detailed understanding of thermo-hydro-mechanical processes occurring at depth.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗

Electronic Delocalization, Vibrational Dynamics and Energy Transfer in Organic Chromophores

The efficiency of materials developed for solar energy and technological applications depends on the interplay between molecular architecture and light-induced electronic energy redistribution. The spatial localization of electronic excitations is very sensitive to molecular distortions. Vibrational nuclear motions can couple to electronic dynamics driving changes in localization. The electronic energy transfer among multiple chromophores arises from several distinct mechanisms that can give rise to experimentally measured signals. Atomistic simulations of coupled electron-vibrational dynamics can help uncover the nuclear motions directing energy flow. Through careful analysis of excited state wave function evolution and a useful fragmenting of multichromophore systems, through-bond transport and exciton hopping (through-space) mechanisms can be distinguished. Such insights are crucial in the interpretation of fluorescence anisotropy measurements and can aid materials design. Finally, this Perspective highlights the interconnected vibrational and electronic motions at the foundation of nonadiabatic dynamics where nuclear motions, including torsional rotations and bond vibrations, drive electronic transitions.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DYNAMICS OF CORONAL RAIN AND DESCENDING PLASMA BLOBS IN SOLAR PROMINENCES. II. PARTIALLY IONIZED CASE

Coronal rain clumps and prominence knots are dense condensations with chromospheric to transition region temperatures that fall down in the much hotter corona. Their typical speeds are in the range 30–150 km s{sup −1} and of the order of 10–30 km s{sup −1}, respectively, i.e., they are considerably smaller than free-fall velocities. These cold blobs contain a mixture of ionized and neutral material that must be dynamically coupled in order to fall together, as observed. We investigate this coupling by means of hydrodynamic simulations in which the coupling arises from the friction between ions and neutrals. The numerical simulations presented here are an extension of those of Oliver et al. to the partially ionized case. We find that, although the relative drift speed between the two species is smaller than 1 m s{sup −1} at the blob center, it is sufficient to produce the forces required to strongly couple charged particles and neutrals. The ionization degree has no discernible effect on the main results of our previous work for a fully ionized plasma: the condensation has an initial acceleration phase followed by a period with roughly constant velocity, and, in addition, the maximum descending speed is clearly correlated with the ratio of initial blob to environment density.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

Review of Wind–Wave Coupling Models for Large-Eddy Simulation of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Abstract We present a review of existing wind–wave coupling models and parameterizations used for large-eddy simulation of the marine atmospheric boundary layer. The models are classified into two main categories: (i) the wave-phase-averaged, sea surface–roughness models and (ii) the wave-phase-resolved models. Both categories are discussed from their implementation, validity, and computational efficiency viewpoints, with emphasis given on their applicability in offshore wind energy problems. In addition to the various models discussed, a review of laboratory-scale and field-measurement databases is presented thereafter. The majority of the presented data have been gathered over many decades of studying air–sea interaction phenomena, with the most recent ones compiled to reflect an offshore wind energy perspective. Both provide valuable data for model validation. We also discuss the modeling knowledge gaps and computational challenges ahead.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Combining simulations and data with deep learning and uncertainty quantification for advanced energy modeling

A novel and modern framework for energy modeling is developed in this paper with a focus on nuclear energy modeling and simulation. The framework combines multiphysics simulations and real data, with validation by uncertainty quantification tasks and facilitation by machine and deep learning methods. The hybrid framework is built on the basis of a wide range of physical models, real data, mathematical and statistical methods, and artificial intelligence techniques. The framework is demonstrated in different applications, including quantifying uncertainties in computer simulations, multiphysics coupling, analysis of variance using machine learning surrogate models, deep learning of time series phenomena, and propagating parametric uncertainties of nuclear data. The applications demonstrated are oriented to nuclear engineering simulations, even though majority of the methods are applicable to other energy sources (eg, renewable). Efficient utilization of this framework is expected to yield a much better understanding of the physical phenomena analyzed as well as an improvement in the performance of the energy design/model under construction.

42 ENGINEERING↗

Machine-learning-based dynamic-importance sampling for adaptive multiscale simulations

Multiscale simulations are a well-accepted way to bridge the length and time scales required for scientific studies with the solution accuracy achievable through available computational resources. Traditional approaches either solve a coarse model with selective refinement or coerce a detailed model into faster sampling, both of which have limitations. Here, we present a paradigm of adaptive, multiscale simulations that couple different scales using a dynamic-importance sampling approach. Our method uses machine learning to dynamically and exhaustively sample the phase space explored by a macro model using microscale simulations and enables an automatic feedback from the micro to the macro scale, leading to a self-healing multiscale simulation. As a result, our approach delivers macro length and time scales, but with the effective precision of the micro scale. Our approach is arbitrarily scalable as well as transferable to many different types of simulations. Overall, our method made possible a multiscale scientific campaign of unprecedented scale to understand the interactions of RAS proteins with a plasma membrane in the context of cancer research running over several days on Sierra, which is currently the second-most-powerful supercomputer in the world.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

Magnetic and Magnetodielectric Properties of Ho{sub 0.5}Nd{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 3}(BO{sub 3}){sub 4}

The magnetic and magnetodielectric properties of Ho{sub 0.5}Nd{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 3}(BO{sub 3}){sub 4} ferroborate with the competing Ho–Fe and Nd–Fe exchange couplings have been experimentally and theoretically investigated. Step anomalies in the magnetization curves at the spin-reorientation transition induced by the magnetic field B ║ c have been found. The spontaneous spin-reorientation transition temperature T{sub SR} ≈ 8 K has been refined. The measured magnetic properties and observed features are interpreted using a single theoretical approach based on the molecular field approximation and calculations within the crystal field model of the rare-earth ion. Interpretation of the experimental data includes determination of the crystal field parameters for Ho{sup 3+} and Nd{sup 3+} ions in Ho{sub 0.5}Nd{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 3}(BO{sub 3}){sub 4} and parameters of the Ho–Fe and Nd–Fe exchange couplings.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

Multiscale Modeling of Intergranular Fracture in Aluminum: Constitutive Relation For Interface Debonding

Intergranular fracture is a dominant mode of failure in ultrafine grained materials. In the present study, the atomistic mechanisms of grain-boundary debonding during intergranular fracture in aluminum are modeled using a coupled molecular dynamics finite element simulation. Using a statistical mechanics approach, a cohesive-zone law in the form of a traction-displacement constitutive relationship, characterizing the load transfer across the plane of a growing edge crack, is extracted from atomistic simulations and then recast in a form suitable for inclusion within a continuum finite element model. The cohesive-zone law derived by the presented technique is free of finite size effects and is statistically representative for describing the interfacial debonding of a grain boundary (GB) interface examined at atomic length scales. By incorporating the cohesive-zone law in cohesive-zone finite elements, the debonding of a GB interface can be simulated in a coupled continuum-atomistic model, in which a crack starts in the continuum environment, smoothly penetrates the continuum-atomistic interface, and continues its propagation in the atomistic environment. This study is a step towards relating atomistically derived decohesion laws to macroscopic predictions of fracture and constructing multiscale models for nanocrystalline and ultrafine grained materials.

Yamakov, V.↗

Effects of Variable Eccentricity on the Climate of an Earth-Like World

The Kepler era of exoplanetary discovery has presented the Astronomical community with a cornucopia of planetary systems very different from the one which we inhabit. It has long been known that Jupiter plays a major role in the orbital parameters of Mars and its climate, but there is also a long-standing belief that Jupiter would play a similar role for Earth if not for its large moon. Using a three dimensional general circulation model (3-D GCM) with a fully-coupled ocean we simulate what would happen to the climate of an Earth-like world if Mars did not exist, but a Jupiter-like planet was much closer to Earths orbit. We investigate two scenarios that involve evolution of the Earth-like planets orbital eccentricity from 0 to 0.066 on a time scale of 4500 years, and from 0 to 0.283 over 6500 years. We discover that during most of the 6500 year scenario the planet would experience a moist greenhouse effect when near periastron. This could have implications for the ability of such a world to retain an ocean on time scales of 109 years. More Earth-like planets in multi-planet systems will be discovered as we continue to survey the skies and the results herein show that the proximity of large gas giant planets may play an important role in the habitabilty of these worlds. These are the first such 3-D GCM simulations using a fully-coupled ocean with a planetary orbit that evolves over time due to the presence of a giant planet.

Stability↗

Comparisons of Bispectral and Polarimetric Retrievals of Marine Boundary Layer Cloud Microphysics: Case Studies Using a LES-Satellite Retrieval Simulator

Many passive remote-sensing techniques have been developed to retrieve cloud microphysical properties from satellite-based sensors, with the most common approaches being the bispectral and polarimetric techniques. These two vastly different retrieval techniques have been implemented for a variety of polar-orbiting and geostationary satellite platforms, providing global climatological data sets. Prior instrument comparison studies have shown that there are systematic differences between the droplet size retrieval products (effective radius) of bispectral (e.g., MODIS, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and polarimetric (e.g., POLDER, Polarization and Directionality of Earth's Reflectances) instruments. However, intercomparisons of airborne bispectral and polarimetric instruments have yielded results that do not appear to be systematically biased relative to one another. Diagnosing this discrepancy is complicated, because it is often difficult for instrument intercomparison studies to isolate differences between retrieval technique sensitivities and specific instrumental differences such as calibration and atmospheric correction. In addition to these technical differences the polarimetric retrieval is also sensitive to the dispersion of the droplet size distribution (effective variance), which could influence the interpretation of the droplet size retrieval. To avoid these instrument-dependent complications, this study makes use of a cloud remote-sensing retrieval simulator. Created by coupling a large-eddy simulation (LES) cloud model with a 1-D radiative transfer model, the simulator serves as a test bed for understanding differences between bispectral and polarimetric retrievals. With the help of this simulator we can not only compare the two techniques to one another (retrieval intercomparison) but also validate retrievals directly against the LES cloud properties. Using the satellite retrieval simulator, we are able to verify that at high spatial resolution (50 m) the bispectral and polarimetric retrievals are highly correlated with one another within expected observational uncertainties. The relatively small systematic biases at high spatial resolution can be attributed to different sensitivity limitations of the two retrievals. In contrast, a systematic difference between the two retrievals emerges at coarser resolution. This bias largely stems from differences related to sensitivity of the two retrievals to unresolved inhomogeneities in effective variance and optical thickness. The influence of coarse angular resolution is found to increase uncertainty in the polarimetric retrieval but generally maintains a constant mean value.

Miller, Daniel J.↗

Comparisons of Bispectral and Polarimetric Retrievals of Marine Boundary Layer Cloud Microphysics: Case Studies Using a LES- Satellite Retrieval Simulator

Many passive remote-sensing techniques have been developed to retrieve cloud microphysical properties from satellite-based sensors, with the most common approaches being the bispectral and polarimetric techniques. These two vastly different retrieval techniques have been implemented for a variety of polar-orbiting and geostationary satellite platforms, providing global climatological data sets. Prior instrument comparison studies have shown that there are systematic differences between the droplet size retrieval products (effective radius) of bispectral (e.g., MODIS, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and polarimetric (e.g., POLDER, Polarization and Directionality of Earth's Reflectances) instruments. However, intercomparisons of airborne bispectral and polarimetric instruments have yielded results that do not appear to be systematically biased relative to one another. Diagnosing this discrepancy is complicated, because it is often difficult for instrument intercomparison studies to isolate differences between retrieval technique sensitivities and specific instrumental differences such as calibration and atmospheric correction. In addition to these technical differences the polarimetric retrieval is also sensitive to the dispersion of the droplet size distribution (effective variance), which could influence the interpretation of the droplet size retrieval. To avoid these instrument-dependent complications, this study makes use of a cloud remote-sensing retrieval simulator. Created by coupling a large-eddy simulation (LES) cloud model with a 1-D radiative transfer model, the simulator serves as a test bed for understanding differences between bispectral and polarimetric retrievals. With the help of this simulator we can not only compare the two techniques to one another (retrieval intercomparison) but also validate retrievals directly against the LES cloud properties. Using the satellite retrieval simulator, we are able to verify that at high spatial resolution (50m) the bispectral and polarimetric retrievals are highly correlated with one another within expected observational uncertainties. The relatively small systematic biases at high spatial resolution can be attributed to different sensitivity limitations of the two retrievals. In contrast, a systematic difference between the two retrievals emerges at coarser resolution. This bias largely stems from differences related to sensitivity of the two retrievals to unresolved inhomogeneities in effective variance and optical thickness. The influence of coarse angular resolution is found to increase uncertainty in the polarimetric retrieval but generally maintains a constant mean value.

Miller, Daniel J.↗

Unified Material-Environment Interaction Model for Binary UHTC Composites

A new model for the surface chemistry of zirconium and hafnium diborides containing silicon-carbide when exposed to high temperature conditions in air is formulated. Oxidation dynamics are simplified by considering the diffusion-limited equilibrium regime within the material at elevated temperatures. This model is first assessed against experimental mass-gain data taken from UHTC samples heated to high temperature in an oxygen environment. Then, further evaluations of the new model are conducted using hypersonic CFD simulations to analyze conditions experienced by HfB2-SiC in arc jet experiments conducted at NASA Ames Research Center. Measurements of stagnation point heat transfer and pressure are then used to calibrate the simulations. Results of coupled CFD-material response simulations are then compared to the surface temperatures measured during the Ames arc jet test. Results support the use of the proposed model while highlighting the need for improved gas-phase data on the additional constituents considered.

ultra high temperature ceramic↗

Enhancements to the SHARP Build System and NEK5000 Coupling

The SHARP project for the Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program provides a multiphysics framework for coupled simulations of advanced nuclear reactor designs. It provides an overall coupling environment that utilizes custom interfaces to couple existing physics codes through a common spatial decomposition and unique solution transfer component. As of this writing, SHARP couples neutronics, thermal hydraulics, and structural mechanics using PROTEUS, Nek5000, and Diablo respectively. This report details two primary SHARP improvements regarding the Nek5000 and Diablo individual physics codes: (1) an improved Nek5000 coupling interface that lets SHARP achieve a vast increase in overall solution accuracy by manipulating the structure of the internal Nek5000 spatial mesh, and (2) the capability to seamlessly couple structural mechanics calculations into the framework through improvements to the SHARP build system. The Nek5000 coupling interface now uses a barycentric Lagrange interpolation method that takes the vertex-based power and density computed from the PROTEUS neutronics solver and maps it to the user-specified, general-order Nek5000 spectral element mesh. Before this work, SHARP handled this vertex-based solution transfer in an averaging-based manner. SHARP users can now achieve higher levels of accuracy by specifying any arbitrary Nek5000 spectral mesh order. This improvement takes the average percentage error between the PROTEUS power solution and the Nek5000 interpolated result down drastically from over 23 % to just above 2 %, and maintains the correct power profile. We have integrated Diablo into the SHARP build system to facilitate the future coupling of structural mechanics calculations into SHARP. Previously, simulations involving Diablo were done in an iterative manner, requiring a large amount manual work, and left only as a task for advanced users. This report will detail a new Diablo build system that was implemented using GNU Autotools, mirroring much of the current SHARP build system, and easing the use of structural mechanics calculations for end-users of the SHARP multiphysics framework. It lets users easily build and use Diablo as a stand-alone simulation, as well as fully couple with the other SHARP physics modules. The top-level SHARP build system was modified to allow Diablo to hook in directly. New dependency handlers were implemented to let SHARP users easily build the framework with these new simulation capabilities. The remainder of this report will describe this work in full, with a detailed discussion of the overall design philosophy of SHARP, the new solution interpolation method introduced, and the Diablo integration work. We will conclude with a discussion of possible future SHARP improvements that will serve to increase solution accuracy and framework capability.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗