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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 775 records · Page 43
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2018

Big-Data Multi-Energy Iterative Volumetric Reconstruction Methods for As-Built Validation & Verification Applications

This document archives the results developed by the Lab Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project sponsored by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). In this work, it is shown that SNL has developed the first known high-energy hyperspectral computed tomography system for industrial and security applications. The main results gained from this work include dramatic beam-hardening artifact reduction by using the hyperspectral reconstruction as a bandpass filter without the need for any other computation or pre-processing; additionally, this work demonstrated the ability to use supervised and unsupervised learning methods on the hyperspectral reconstruction data for the application of materials characterization and identification which is not possible using traditional computed tomography systems or approaches.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2023

The large-area hybrid-optics CLAS12 RICH: First years of data-taking

The CLAS12 deep-inelastic scattering experiment at the upgraded 12 GeV continuous electron beam accelerator facility of Jefferson Lab conjugates luminosity and wide acceptance to study the 3D nucleon structure in the yet poorly explored valence region, and to perform precision measurements in hadron spectroscopy. A large area ring-imaging Cherenkov detector has been designed to achieve the required hadron identification in the momentum range from 3 GeV/c to 8 GeV/c, with the kaon rate about one order of magnitude lower than the rate of pions and protons. The adopted solution comprises aerogel radiator and composite mirrors in a novel hybrid optics design, where either direct or reflected light could be imaged in a high-packed and high-segmented photon detector. The first RICH module was assembled during the second half of 2017 and installed at the beginning of January 2018, in time for the start of the experiment. The second RICH module, planned with the goal to be ready for the beginning of the operation with polarized targets, has been timely built despite the complications caused by the pandemic crisis and successfully installed in June 2022. Finally, the detector performance is here discussed with emphasis on the operation and stability during the data-taking, calibration and alignment procedures, reconstruction and pattern recognition algorithms, and particle identification.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2013

Beam-spin Asymmetries from Semi-inclusive Pion Electroproduction

The moment of the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) cross section corresponding to a polarized lepton scattering from an unpolarized target is Asin?LU. It has been extracted from measurements of beam-spin asymmetries (BSAs) from pion electro-production in SIDIS. Data were taken with the continuous electron beam accelerator facility (CEBAF) Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab using a 5.498 GeV longitudinally polarized electron beam and an unpolarized liquid hydrogen target. All three pion channels (?+, ?0 and ??) were measured simultaneously over a large range of kinematics at the intermediate Q2 range (Q2? 1 - 4.5 GeV2). The moment is measured as functions of z, PT, x, and Q2. Asin?LU is a twist-3 structure providing information about quark-gluon-quark correlations. This new high statistical data will provide an important means of studying the transverse degrees of freedom in the nucleon.

Gohn, Wesley↗
DOE OSTI2012

Nucleon structure studies through Timelike Compton Scattering

Hard exclusive processes have emerged as a class of reactions providing novel information on the quark and gluon distributions in hadrons. Factorization theorems allow one to express amplitudes of these processes in terms of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). The measurement of suitable experimental observables and the extraction of GPDs is one of the high priority 12 GeV Jefferson Lab programs. Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) is generally thought of as the cleanest tool for accessing the valence quark GPDs of the nucleon. A new and promising opportunity on the road to constraining GPDs is presented by Timelike Compton scattering (TCS) the inverse process to space-like DVCS. TCS offers straightforward access to the real part of the Compton amplitude. Combining space-like and time-like data thus makes it possible to test the universality of GPDs. The first studies of TCS using real tagged and quasi-real untagged photons were performed at Jefferson Lab 6 GeV. In this talk preliminary results on angular asymmetries and extraction of the real part of Compton form-factors using electroproduction data and a comparison with photoproduction data will be presented. We will also discuss future plans for di-lepton production in the Jefferson Lab 12-GeV era.

Horn, Tanja↗
DOE OSTI2021

LiDAR-Based Point Cloud Data Processing

The presentation includes the procedures of utilizing LiDAR-based point cloud data in WebGL applications, such as capturing data, processing data, importing point cloud into Unity software, and improving application performance. It uses IRC BLD 603 Lab B-12 as an example. It'll be presented at Viz n Learn workshop which is a collaboration series between INL's Applied Visualization Laboratory (AVL) and University of Wyoming (UW)'s Shell 3D Visualization center. Each session will highlight 2 projects from each institution monthly, followed by discussion on areas of collaborative interest and action.

3D↗
DOE OSTI2026

Isospin dependence of the nuclear EMC effect from a global QCD analysis

We perform a new global QCD analysis of unpolarized parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the nucleon from proton, deuteron, and A = 3 data, including recent measurements of He 3 / D and H 3 / D cross section ratios from the MARATHON experiment at Jefferson Lab. Simultaneously inferring the PDFs and nucleon off-shell corrections allows both to be determined consistently, without theoretical assumptions about the isospin dependence of nuclear effects. The analysis provides strong evidence for the need of nucleon off-shell corrections to describe the A = 3 data, with large isoscalar and a suggestion of nonzero isovector contributions in A ≤ 3 nuclei. We find that the extracted EMC ratios of nuclear to nucleon structure functions for A = 2 and 3 differ from those naively extrapolated from heavy nuclei down to low A .

Cocuzza, C. [William & Mary] (ORCID:00000003492292↗
DOE OSTI2014

Overview and highlights of the Spin Asymmetries of the Nucleon Experiment – SANE

The Spin Asymmetries of the Nucleon Experiment – SANE took data on inelastic and elastic inclusive and coincidence beam-target asymmetries in the Hall C facility at Jefferson Lab, detecting the scattered electrons with the large non-magnetic Big Electron Telescope Array – BETA and the High Momentum Spectrometer. The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility – CEBAF delivered polarized electrons that were incident on the U. of Virginia polarized proton target. An overview and selected examples of the wealth of collected data, extending from the elastic to the deep inelastic scattering regions, and spanning the four-momentum range from 0.8 to 6GeV{sup 2}, will be presented.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Analysis and modeling of Nannochloropsis growth in lab, greenhouse, and raceway experiments

Efficient production of algal biofuels could reduce dependence on foreign oil by providing a domestic renewable energy source. Moreover, algae-based biofuels are attractive for their large oil yield potential despite decreased land use and natural resource (e.g., water and nutrients) requirements compared to terrestrial energy crops. Important factors controlling algal lipid productivity include temperature, nutrient availability, salinity, pH, and the light-to-biomass conversion rate. Here, computational approaches allow for inexpensive predictions of algae growth kinetics for various bioreactor sizes and geometries without the need for multiple, expensive measurement systems. Parametric studies of algal species include serial experiments that use off-line monitoring of growth and lipid levels. Such approaches are time consuming and usually incomplete, and studies on the effect of the interaction between various parameters on algal growth are currently lacking. However, these are the necessary precursors for computational models, which currently lack the data necessary to accurately simulate and predict algae growth. In this work, we conduct a lab-scale parametric study of the marine alga Nannochloropsis salina and apply the findings to our physics-based computational algae growth model. We then compare results from the model with experiments conducted in a greenhouse tank and an outdoor, open-channel raceway pond. Results show that the computational model effectively predicts algae growth in systems across varying scale and identifies the causes for reductions in algal productivities. Applying the model facilitates optimization of pond designs and improvements in strain selection.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2015

CoDA 2014 special issue: Exploring data-focused research across the department of energy: Editorial

Here, this collection of papers, written by researchers at the national labs, in academia, and in industry present real problems, massive and complex datasets, and novel statistical approaches motivated by the challenges presented by experimental and computational science. You'll find explorations of the trajectories of aircraft and of the light curves of supernovae, of computer network intrusions and of nuclear forensics, of photovoltaics and overhead imagery.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2016

Updates on the Studies of $${\varvec{N}}^\mathbf{*}$$ N * Structure with CLAS and the Prospects with CLAS12

Here, the recent results on $\gamma_vpN^*$ electrocouplings from analyses of the data on exclusive meson electroproduction off protons measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab are presented. The impact of these results on the exploration of the excited nucleon state structure and non-perturbative strong interaction dynamics behind its formation is outlined. The future extension of these studies in the experiments with the CLAS12 detector in the upgraded Hall-B at JLab will provide for the first time $\gamma_vpN^*$ electrocouplings of all prominent resonances at the still unexplored distance scales that correspond to extremely low (0.05~GeV$^2 < Q^2 <$ 0.5~GeV$^2$) and the highest photon virtualities (5.0~GeV$^2 < Q^2 <$ 12.0~GeV$^2$) ever achieved in the exclusive electroproduction measurements. The expected results will address the most important open problems of the Standard Model: on the nature of more than 98\% of hadron mass, quark-gluon confinement and emergence of the excited nucleon state structure from the QCD Lagrangian, as well as allowing a search for the new states of hadron matter predicted from the first principles of QCD, the so-called hybrid baryons.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Results of an interlaboratory study on the working curve in vat photopolymerization II: Towards a standardized method

The working curve measurement in photopolymer additive manufacturing is a ubiquitous measure of the cure depth of a printing resin as a function of radiant exposure of light. The fit parameters from this measurement (the depth of light penetration D p and the critical exposure E c ) are used to evaluate and report a resin’s printability, optimize processing parameters, and inform print and resin quality control. Despite its widespread use, the working curve lacks a standard measurement method. Here, following up on our paper “Results of an Interlaboratory Study on the Working Curve in Vat Photopolymerization” from last year, an interlaboratory study on the working curve was performed using calibrated, reproducible, bandpass filtered light sources. With these light sources, the variability between labs in measured working curves was dramatically reduced from the initial interlaboratory study. Aggregate data from this experiment produced reliable D p and E c measurements at 385 nm of 39.2 ± 3.7 µm and 12.3 ± 3.0 mJ cm −2 , respectively. At 405 nm the values of D p and E c are 69.3 ± 3.8 µm and 17.9 ± 2.3 mJ cm −2 , respectively. The results are agnostic to the thickness measurement tool utilized by participants, ensuring broad applicability across laboratories. We also tested the generalizability of the proposed method of using a filtered light source by filtering a commercial 405 nm light source and obtaining a working curve in agreement with the aggregate data from the interlaboratory study. This interlaboratory study provides a basis for a documentary standard for the working curve, so that the entire photopolymer additive manufacturing industry can share reproducible and interoperable working curve data.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Phase evolution and amorphous stability upon solid-state reaction in superlattice like Ge–Sb–Te combinatorial thin-film

In this paper, the superlattice-like (SLL) Ge–Sb–Te combinatorial thin films were prepared by using a high-throughput ion beam sputtering system. The phase evolution and amorphous stability of such films undergoing heat treatment as a function of the coating sequence and modulation period were systematically studied. The composition structure diagram was constructed via an automated process of data obtained by high-throughput synchrotron micro-X-ray diffraction and lab-based micro-X-ray fluorescence. Furthermore, the element distribution and microstructure in the depth direction of the SLL thin films were characterized with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. These studies demonstrated that the coating sequence has a significant effect on the element distribution in the as-deposited SLL thin films and the structure of the final product upon solid-state reaction. Reducing the modulation period of the SLL thin film improves the stability of the amorphous Ge–Sb–Te phase. This work lays a solid foundation for the rational design of SLL Ge–Sb–Te thin films to improve their performance.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2011

Measurement of the Proton Elastic Form Factor Ratio at Low Q{sup 2}

A new measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio {mu}{sub p}G{sub E}/G{sub M} in the range of Q{sup 2} = 0.3-0.7 (GeV/c){sup 2} was made at Jefferson lab (JLab) Hall A using recoil polarimetry. With unprecedented ({approx}1%) precision, the new data show that the proton form factor ratio strongly deviates from unity in this low momentum transfer region, indicating a significant difference between the proton charge and magnetic distribution at large length scale. The new result is a few percent lower than previous world polarization data. The updated global fit indicates a 2% decrease in G{sub E} and 1% increase in G{sub M} in this low Q{sup 2} region.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Significance of radiative corrections on measurements of the EMC effect

Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) from nuclear targets probes the parton distribution functions (PDFs) in nuclei. Comparisons of the PDFs from heavy nuclei and the deuteron show deviations that demonstrate a non-trivial nuclear dependence to these distributions, referred to as the EMC effect. A global analysis of the worlds data on the EMC effect reveals tensions between different extractions. Precise measurements at Jefferson Lab, studying the dependence on both the quark momentum fraction, x, and nuclear mass, show systematic discrepancies among experiments, making the extraction of the A dependence of the EMC effect sensitive to the selection of datasets. Further, by comparing various methods and assumptions used to calculate radiative corrections, we have identified differences that, while not large, significantly impact the EMC ratios and show that using a consistent radiative correction procedure resolves this discrepancy, leading to a more coherent global picture, and allowing for a more robust extraction of the EMC effect for infinite nuclear matter.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Direct TPE measurement via $e^+p/e^-p$ scattering at low $\varepsilon$ in Hall A

The proton elastic form factor ratio can be measured either via Rosenbluth separation in an experiment with unpolarized beam and target, or via the use of polarization degrees of freedom. However, data produced by these two approaches show a discrepancy, increasing with $Q^2$. The proposed explanation of this discrepancy - two-photon exchange - has been tested recently by three experiments. The results support the existence of a small two-photon exchange effect but cannot establish that theoretical treatments at the measured momentum transfers are valid. At larger momentum transfers, theory remains untested, and without further data, it is impossible to resolve the discrepancy. Additionally, a positron beam at Jefferson Lab allows us to directly measure two-photon exchange over an extended $Q^2$ and $\epsilon$ range with high precision. With this, we can validate whether the effect reconciles the form factor ratio measurements, and test several theoretical approaches, valid in different parts of the tested $Q^2$ range. In this proposal, we describe a measurement program in Hall A that combines the Super BigBite, BigBite, and High Resolution Spectrometers to directly measure the two-photon effect. Though the limited beam current of the positron beam will restrict the kinematic reach, this measurement will have very small systematic uncertainties, making it a clean probe of two photon exchange.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Studies of N* Structure from the CLAS Meson Electroproduction Data

The transition {gamma}{sub v}pN amplitudes (electrocouplings) for prominent excited nucleon states obtained in a wide area of photon virtualities offer valuable information for the exploration of the N structure at different distances and allow us to access the complex dynamics of non-perturbative strong interaction. The current status in the studies of {gamma}{sub v}pN electrocouplings from the data on exclusive meson electroproduction off protons measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab is presented. The impact of these results on exploration of the N structure is discussed.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Purdue University: Results of B-Value Tests for Rock Saturation

This dataset includes an Excel file with the results of B-value tests to determine the magnitude of the back pressure required for full saturation of Sierra White granite samples. Test were conducted on cylindrical rock specimens of Sierra White granite in a custom water pressurized chamber. Dimensions and properties of Sierra White granite specimens are summarized in the PDF file. The PDF file also includes a description of the B-value tests, experimental procedure, and results.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗