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NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Model-Specific Metadata for Enhancing Space Science Models

The Space Weather and Heliophysics modeling community, supported by the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC, https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov), provides a collaborative platform for space weather models and data. Flexible metadata is vital for advancing scientific research and fostering collaboration. Our work in expressing complex simulations of the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF), particularly Global Magnetosphere (GM) grid components, in terms of simple metadata records shows great promise in creating searchable and reusable units of knowledge. Such records can be readily utilized to support the process of scientific discovery, closely aligning with the goals outlined in the Open Science initiative. Our primary goal is to show the scalability and benefits of metadata-focused methodologies. This presentation highlights the potential for applying metadata methodologies to other complex models, improving usability, supplying efficient documentation and fostering interdisciplinary research.

space weather↗

DOE OSTI2026

ESnet Watershed Field Science Data Backhaul Campaign Report

ESnet’s Watershed Field Science Data Backhaul Campaign is intended to improve the ability to gather data from sensors deployed across the East River and Trail Creek watersheds, with a special focus on the Snodgrass distributed sensor area, the Pumphouse instruments with co-located U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL) tethered balloon setup, and the former ARM SAIL campaign’s second ARM Mobile Facility (AMF2) site by the Watershed Function Science Focus Area (WFSFA) program. This program is not funded by ARM, but collaborates with ARM as part of the SAIL campaign, collocated with the WFSFA field sites in Colorado’s East River Watershed.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Artemis Internal Science Team Update: Data and Software Development

M. J. Miller↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Artemis Internal Science Team Update: Deployed Payloads

Artemis will reestablish human presence on the Moon and lead to a new era of scientific discovery and exploration. Led by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Artemis effort includes a collaboration of space agencies and companies from around the world. In support of Artemis, a cross-disciplinary effort of science, engineering, operations, and human factors personnel is currently developing the best methods, facilities, and field locations to test hardware, train astronauts, and evaluate concepts of operations. This poster, as part of the Artemis Internal Science Team (AIST), provides an update to NASA’s plans for the solicitation, development, and operations of deployed surface payloads. In calendar year 2023, NASA’s Science Mission Directorate will solicit proposals for instruments to be deployed by crew on the surface of the Moon (Fig. 1), beginning with Artemis III. The Artemis III mission will land in the south polar region of the Moon, within 6º of latitude from the south pole, in the vicinity of both persistently illuminated and permanently shadowed areas of the Moon, with potential access to surface-accessible volatile deposits. Several of the proposed landing regions are located among some of the oldest parts of the Moon, and together with the permanently shadowed regions, provide the opportunity to learn about the history of the Moon through previously unexplored lunar regions. Deployed payloads will be a critical part of a notional program that captures the highest-priority science for Artemis III and provides the greatest feed-forward to follow-on missions and the build-up to the Artemis Base Camp.

R. C. Weber↗

DOE OSTI2022

ROTOR: Research to Operations and Operations to Research

PNNL’s Research to Operations/Operations to Research (ROTOR) Program fosters a cybersecurity operations to researcher collaboration, identifying hard problems and challenges for cyber defenders and bringing researcher science disciplines to these challenges. ROTOR allows PNNL’s cyber defenders to better protect the laboratory but also fosters innovation and incubation of solutions for our sponsor missions across DOE, DOD, DHS and the intelligence community. Our sponsors and their missions are faced with many of the same cyber defense challenges that PNNL faces. By using our own laboratory security operations environment as an innovation generator and testing ground, allowing research to be tested and tried, our sponsors are directly benefitted. PNNL is in a unique position to combine our world class research organization with enterprise cybersecurity operations. ROTOR is taking advantage of this to bring PNNL cybersecurity research projects into an operational environment within PNNL’s Cyber Security Operations Center. With ROTOR, PNNL researchers gain the advantage of operational experience and expertise and have an avenue for showcasing research in an operational environment. This helps to advance PNNL research, prove operability of PNNL projects to its sponsors, and provide real-world insight to real-world problems for our cybersecurity research agenda. ROTOR is the conduit for PNNL cybersecurity research to find its way to operational use. PNNL researchers and engineers are informed by real-world operations and operations has access to current PNNL research and engineering capabilities. All of this leads to improved reputation for PNNL as a provider of national security solutions that are tried and tested. To date, ROTOR has collaborated with six projects, enabling each to conduct operational work within the CSOC.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Overview of the NASA Earth Action Strategies Wildland Fire Initiative

As part of NASA’s new Earth Action strategy, the Wildland Fire initiative was established, which includes both the NASA Wildland Fire Program (WFP) and the FireSense project. NASA has over 50 years of experience generating data and technology to enhance fire science and operational management. The WFP’s mission is threefold: 1) assemble communities of practice through collaborative efforts with government, academia, and the private sector; 2) co-develop knowledge and applications with relevant partners and stakeholders in the wildfire community; and 3) improve wildland fire management through the transitioning of NASA data, technology, tools, and science to stakeholder organizations. The WFP is focusing on supporting proactive fire management, including situational awareness, preparedness, and risk mitigation. This will be accomplished through selected projects that identify management challenges, relevant to partners and end users, and the NASA data that will be utilized to deliver innovative solutions to enhance the management of wildland fires. Examples include: i) investigation of evaporative stress from OpenET to help predict the risk of wildfire occurrence in watersheds; ii) incorporation of space based LiDAR for the generation of 3-dimensional forest fuel metrics, used to improve wildfire risk and behavior models; iii) integration of global, multi-platform geostationary active-fire data in near-real-time into NASA’s Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS); and iv) identification of post-fire ecohydrological conditions using thermal, multispectral, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and hyperspectral remotely-sensed data to improve flood hazard forecast models. The FireSense project is a US-focused 5-year project that will focus on delivering NASA’s unique Earth science and technological capabilities to operational agencies, striving towards enhancing fire fighting and air quality management. The project will include airborne campaigns and new technology that will likely have global implications. Initial stakeholder engagement led FireSense to focus on four use-cases focused on the characterization and measurement of: (i) pre-fire fuels conditions, (ii) active fire-dynamics; (iii) post-fire impact and threats; and iv) air quality impacts and forecasting, each-developed with identified stakeholders.

Wildland Fire program↗

NASA NTRS2016

AFSPC Innovation and Science and Technology Outreach to Industry and Academia

The U.S. Air Force is taking a strategic approach to ensuring that we are at the cutting edge of science and technology. This includes fostering game-changing approaches and technologies that are balanced with operational needs. The security of the Nation requires a constant pursuit of science, technical agility, and a rapid adoption of innovation. This includes pursuits of game-changing technologies and domains that perhaps we cannot even imagine today. This paper highlights the Air Force Space Command (AFSPC) collaboration and outreach to other government agencies, military and national laboratories, industry, and academia on long term science and technology challenges. In particular we discuss the development of the AFSPC Long Term Science and Technology Challenges that include both space and cyberspace operations within a multi-domain environment and the subsequent Innovation Summits.

Science Technology S&T Forum↗

NASA NTRS2016

Machine Learning Technologies and Their Applications for Science and Engineering Domains Workshop -- Summary Report

The fields of machine learning and big data analytics have made significant advances in recent years, which has created an environment where cross-fertilization of methods and collaborations can achieve previously unattainable outcomes. The Comprehensive Digital Transformation (CDT) Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics team planned a workshop at NASA Langley in August 2016 to unite leading experts the field of machine learning and NASA scientists and engineers. The primary goal for this workshop was to assess the state-of-the-art in this field, introduce these leading experts to the aerospace and science subject matter experts, and develop opportunities for collaboration. The workshop was held over a three day-period with lectures from 15 leading experts followed by significant interactive discussions. This report provides an overview of the 15 invited lectures and a summary of the key discussion topics that arose during both formal and informal discussion sections. Four key workshop themes were identified after the closure of the workshop and are also highlighted in the report. Furthermore, several workshop attendees provided their feedback on how they are already utilizing machine learning algorithms to advance their research, new methods they learned about during the workshop, and collaboration opportunities they identified during the workshop.

Ambur, Manjula↗

NASA NTRS1999

Development of Formation Deployment and Intialization Concepts

NASA's Cross-Cutting Technology Development Program identified formation flying as a key enabler for the next generation Earth and Sciences campaign. It is hoped that this technology will allow a distributed network of autonomous satellites to act collaboratively as a single collective unit paving the way for extensive co-observing campaigns, coordinated multi-point observing programs, improved space-based interferometry, and entirely new approaches to conducting science. APL as a team member with GSFC, funded by the Earth Sciences and Technology Organization (ESTO), investigated formation deployment and initialization concepts which is central to the formation flying concept. This paper presents the analytical approach and preliminary results of the study. The study investigated a simple mission involving the deployment of six micro-satellites, one at a time, from a bus. At the initialization state, the satellites fly in an along-track trajectory separated by nominal spacing. The study entailed the development of a two-body (bus and satellite) relative motion propagator based on Clohessy-Wiltshire (C-W) equations with drag from which the relative motion of the micro-satellites is deduced. This code was used to investigate cluster development characteristics subject to "tip-off' (ejection) conditions. Results indicate that cluster development is very sensitive to the ballistic coefficients of the bus and satellites, and to relative ejection velocity. This information can be used to identify optimum deployment parameters, along with accuracy bounds for a particular mission, and to develop a cluster control strategy minimizing global fuel and cost. A suitable control strategy concept has been identified, however, it needs to be developed further.

Badesha, Surjit S.↗

NASA NTRS2019

Using Science Operations Tools and Methods from NASA for Remote Presence Ocean Exploration on Earth: E/V Nautilus Cruise NA108

NASA Ames' Exploration Ground Data Systems (xGDS) supports rapid scientific decision making by synchronizing information in time and space, including video and still images, scientific instrument data, and science and operations notes in geographic and temporal context. We have deployed xGDS at multiple NASA field analog missions over the past decade.In the last two years, we have participated in SUBSEA, a multi-institution collaborative project. SUBSEA used the research ship E/V Nautilus along with its two remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), Hercules and Argus, to explore deep ocean volcanic vents as an analog for ocean worlds (e.g. Enceladus). This work allowed us to compare the existing oceanographic operations methods and technologies used for ocean exploration with corresponding tools and approaches developed and used at NASA. In the first year of SUBSEA we observed existing remote science operations from the Inner Space Center (ISC). In the second year, we deployed xGDS at ISC to complement existing capabilities with xGDS tools designed to support remote Nautilus science operations from the ISC. During operations, video, ROV position and instrument telemetry were streamed from the ship to the ISC. As the science team watched dive operations, they could annotate the data with observations that were relevant to their work domain. Later, the team members could review the data at their own pace to collaboratively develop a dive plan for the next day, which had to be delivered on a fixed daily schedule.The opportunity to compare operations under different conditions enabled us to make several key observations about conducting remote science and planning operations efficiently: (i) Reviewing data collaboratively and interactively with temporal and spatial context was critical for the remote science team's ability to plan dive operations on the Nautilus. (ii) Science team members were actively engaged with the remote dive operations because they could interact with the collected data and visualize it as they desired. (iii) Being able to replay past events at accelerated speeds, and jump to points in time and spaced based on search results, provided efficient access to critical points of interest in a massive volume of data, so the remote science team could deliver plans on time. SUBSEA (Systematic Underwater Biogeochemical Science and Exploration Analog) is a multi-institution collaboration supported by NASA, NOAA's Office of Exploration Research (OER), the Ocean Exploration Trust (OET) and the University of Rhode Island's Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO). ISC is GSO's telepresence operations facility.

Lees, David S.↗

NASA NTRS1999

New frontiers in design synthesis

The Intelligent Synthesis Environment (ISE), which is one of the major strategic technologies under development at NASA centers and the University of Virginia, is described. One of the major objectives of ISE is to significantly enhance the rapid creation of innovative affordable products and missions. ISE uses a synergistic combination of leading-edge technologies, including high performance computing, high capacity communications and networking, human-centered computing, knowledge-based engineering, computational intelligence, virtual product development, and product information management. The environment will link scientists, design teams, manufacturers, suppliers, and consultants who participate in the mission synthesis as well as in the creation and operation of the aerospace system. It will radically advance the process by which complex science missions are synthesized, and high-tech engineering Systems are designed, manufactured and operated. The five major components critical to ISE are human-centered computing, infrastructure for distributed collaboration, rapid synthesis and simulation tools, life cycle integration and validation, and cultural change in both the engineering and science creative process. The five components and their subelements are described. Related U.S. government programs are outlined and the future impact of ISE on engineering research and education is discussed.

User-Computer Interface↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Advancing Open Science in Atmospheric Research: Integrating Data Usability and Machine Learning

In the dynamic realm of atmospheric sciences, the convergence of data science methodologies and open data marks a transformative era, driving research advancements and nurturing aspiring scientists. This abstract highlights two pivotal projects that epitomize open science principles, aligning seamlessly with the session's objective of interdisciplinary synergy and the cultivation of emerging talent. As a NASA-certified data center, our foremost endeavor focuses on enhancing the visibility and traceability of NASA datasets within atmospheric science research. This initiative not only elevates these datasets' prominence but also establishes a robust framework ensuring their credibility in scholarly discourse. By bridging the gap between data sources and research publications, this project serves as an educational catalyst, nurturing a new generation of scholars in open collaboration and dataset authenticity. Concurrently, our second project pioneers an early warning system for flooding events, utilizing machine learning algorithms to predict flooded fractions. Through multi-source data fusion and predictive modeling, this initiative goes beyond forecasting; it embodies the core of open science by enabling proactive risk mitigation strategies. This project not only advances atmospheric sciences but also fosters an environment where young scholars engage in practical, data-driven solutions. These intertwined projects exemplify the fusion of data science with open data solutions, ensuring both the usability of quality datasets and the cultivation of scientific knowledge among emerging scholars. By spotlighting these impactful use cases, our aim is to foster discussions emphasizing the importance of open collaboration, data integrity, and the nurturing of scientific talent in atmospheric sciences." "In the dynamic realm of atmospheric sciences, the convergence of data science methodologies and open data marks a transformative era, driving research advancements and nurturing aspiring scientists. This abstract highlights two pivotal projects that epitomize open science principles, aligning seamlessly with the session's objective of interdisciplinary synergy and the cultivation of emerging talent. As a NASA-certified data center, our foremost endeavor focuses on enhancing the visibility and traceability of NASA datasets within atmospheric science research. This initiative not only elevates these datasets' prominence but also establishes a robust framework ensuring their credibility in scholarly discourse. By bridging the gap between data sources and research publications, this project serves as an educational catalyst, nurturing a new generation of scholars in open collaboration and dataset authenticity. Concurrently, our second project pioneers an early warning system for flooding events, utilizing machine learning algorithms to predict flooded fractions. Through multi-source data fusion and predictive modeling, this initiative goes beyond forecasting; it embodies the core of open science by enabling proactive risk mitigation strategies. This project not only advances atmospheric sciences but also fosters an environment where young scholars engage in practical, data-driven solutions. These intertwined projects exemplify the fusion of data science with open data solutions, ensuring both the usability of quality datasets and the cultivation of scientific knowledge among emerging scholars. By spotlighting these impactful use cases, our aim is to foster discussions emphasizing the importance of open collaboration, data integrity, and the nurturing of scientific talent in atmospheric sciences.

Jennifer Wei↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Artemis Internal Science Team Update: Deployed Payloads

Artemis will reestablish human presence on the Moon and lead to a new era of scientific discovery and exploration. Led by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Artemis effort includes a collaboration of space agencies and companies from around the world [1]. In support of Artemis, a cross-disciplinary effort of science, engineering, operations, and human factors personnel is currently developing the best methods, facilities, and field locations to test hardware, train astronauts, and evaluate concepts of operations. This abstract, as part of the Artemis Internal Science Team (AIST) [2], provides an update to NASA’s plans for the solicitation, development, and operations of deployed surface payloads. In calendar year 2023, NASA’s Science Mission Directorate will solicit proposals for instruments to be deployed by crew on the surface of the Moon (Fig. 1), beginning with Artemis III [3]. The Artemis III mission will land in the south polar region of the Moon, within 6º of latitude from the south pole, in the vicinity of both persistently illuminated and permanently shadowed areas of the Moon, with potential access to surface-accessible volatile deposits [4]. Several of the proposed landing regions are located among some of the oldest parts of the Moon, and together with the permanently shadowed regions, provide the opportunity to learn about the history of the Moon through previously unexplored lunar regions [5]. Deployed payloads will be a critical part of a notional program that captures the highest-priority science for Artemis III and provides the greatest feedforward to follow-on missions and the build-up to the Artemis Base Camp

R. C. Weber↗

NASA NTRS2023

Novel Observing Strategies for NASA Future Earth Science Missions

NASA's Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST) Program is one of several Technology programs managed by the Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) in the Earth Science Division (ESD). The AIST Program focuses on advanced information systems and novel computer science technologies that will be needed by NASA Earth Science in the next 5 to 10 years. The three main thrusts of the AIST Program deal with Novel Observing Strategies (NOS), Analytic Collaborative Frameworks (ACF) and Earth System Digital Twins (ESDT). This presentation summarizes the NOS thrust, its objectives and its benefits to NASA's Earth Science; it presents the projects funded by AIST under that thrust and its application to future AIST developments such as ESDT. It also includes one slide about the SCaN (Space Communications and Navigation) Program and its capabilities as they relate to NOS.

Jacqueline Le Moigne↗

NASA NTRS2020

Conducting Efficient Remote Science and Planning Operations for Ocean Exploration Using Exploration Ground Data Systems (xGDS)

NASA Ames’ Exploration Ground Data Systems (xGDS) supports rapid scientific decision making by synchronizing information in time and space, including video and still images, scientific instrument data, and science and operations notes in geographic and temporal context. We have deployed xGDS at multiple NASA field analog missions over the past decade. In the last two years, we have participated in SUBSEA, a multi-institution collaborative project*. SUBSEA used the research ship E/V Nautilus along with its two remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), Hercules and Argus, to explore deep ocean volcanic vents as an analog for ocean worlds (e.g. Enceladus). This work allowed us to compare the existing oceanographic operations methods and technologies used for ocean exploration with corresponding tools and approaches developed and used at NASA. In the first year of SUBSEA we observed existing remote science operations from the Inner Space Center (ISC)**. In the second year, we deployed xGDS at ISC to complement existing capabilities with xGDS tools designed to support remote Nautilus science operations from the ISC. During operations, video, ROV position and instrument telemetry were streamed from the ship to the ISC. As the science team watched dive operations, they could annotate the data with observations that were relevant to their work domain. Later, the team members could review the data at their own pace to collaboratively develop a dive plan for the next day, which had to be delivered on a fixed daily schedule. The opportunity to compare operations under different conditions enabled us to make several key observations about conducting remote science and planning operations efficiently: (i) Reviewing data collaboratively and interactively with temporal and spatial context was critical for the remote science team’s ability to plan dive operations on the Nautilus. (ii) Science team members were actively engaged with the remote dive operations because they could interact with the collected data and visualize it as they desired. (iii) Being able to replay past events at accelerated speeds, and jump to points in time and spaced based on search results, provided efficient access to critical points of interest in a massive volume of data, so the remote science team could deliver plans on time. * SUBSEA (Systematic Underwater Biogeochemical Science and Exploration Analog) is a multi-institution collaboration supported by NASA, NOAA’s Office of Exploration Research (OER), the Ocean Exploration Trust (OET) and the University of Rhode Island’s Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO).

Cohen, Tamar E.↗

DOE OSTI2026

Research Development and Partnership Pilot (RDPP): Developing plans and partnerships for incorporating tree reproduction to understand Earth system change

The goals for this Research Development and Partnership Pilot (RDPP) proposal were to i) learn about Department of Energy (DOE) research and use the PI’s expertise on patterns and environmental drivers of tree reproduction as a basis to make connections with individuals and research groups at DOE National Laboratories, and ii) to develop plans and form partnerships that will both enhance the PI’s research. The objectives of the proj ect were for the PI to i) participate in the Department of Energy's Office of Science program in Biological and Environmental Research training and outreach activities, ii) conduct directed fact-finding on Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences Division (EESSD) research projects and new partnerships with individuals and groups at National Laboratories, ii) conduct meetings with potential collaborators at National Laboratories to discuss EESSD-relevant research ideas, and iv) to develop a plan for future research efforts. During the period of the award, the objectives of the proposal were met, as the PI attended Environmental System Sciences meetings, American Geophysical Union meetings, SPRUCE experiment meetings, and visited the Oak Ridge National Lab. These activities led to increased understanding of the research being conducted by DOE scientists and the PI had meetings with potential collaborators to develop future research plans that leverage expertise at DOE and the research interests of the PI to increase understanding of the role of tree reproduction in future carbon allocation and in tree regeneration models in boreal ecosystems.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

NASA’s Radioisotope Power Systems Program Enabling the Power to Explore

Radioisotope power systems (RPS) have been safely providing the power to explore space by the United States for over 60 years. RPS-enabled NASA missions have utilized this space nuclear power to explore planets, moons, and interstellar space, enabling missions to some of the deepest, darkest, and dustiest regions in the solar system and beyond. This extreme exploration has deepened our understanding of the solar system and our role within it. NASA established the RPS Program in 2010 to support these specialized science missions and potential future opportunities more effectively and efficiently. The RPS Program ensures the availability of RPS for the exploration of the solar system in environments where conventional solar or chemical power generation is impractical or impossible. The RPS Program, in partnership with the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy, continues interagency collaboration to provide robust radioisotope power system solutions to spacecraft that conduct extreme missions for science and exploration. This Program invests in systems and technologies to ensure that NASA maintains this capability well into the future and it manages processes that ensure the safe use and launch of these systems. This paper provides a synopsis of current activities of the RPS Program, which demonstrates a record of successful formal interagency partnering with the DOE.

radioisotope power systems↗

DOE OSTI2021

APS: High-Energy X-rays Expediting Applied and Fundamental Research

The Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) was designed and built as one of the first large 3rd generation synchrotrons operated at 7 GeV. The United States Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science funded the construction and continues to fund the operation of this national facility. Furthermore, the beamlines were originally operated by Collaborative Access Teams (CAT), which allowed a strong involvement of research institutes, universities, and industry. Today 43 of 68 beamlines are operated by the X-ray Science Division (XSD) and 35 beamlines are directly funded by the DOE Office of Science. The APS became operational in 1995, and was planned right from the beginning with 4 beamlines dedicated to high-energy x-rays above 40 keV: 1-ID designed to study engineering materials science, 6-ID-D for magnetism and condensed matter research, 11-ID-B dedicated to magnetic Compton scattering using an Elliptical Multipole Wiggler, and 11-ID-C for materials science and condensed matter physics. These stations were later joined by the bending magnet beamlines 6-BM for white beam studies and 17-BM for rapid powder diffraction. CAT operated beamlines such as 15-ID for crystallography or 16-ID for high-pressure studies also use the high-energy x-ray regime frequently. The program in Compton scattering ended in 2004 and the wiggler was replaced by an undulator. 11-ID-B became the first dedicated station for Pair Distribution Function (PDF) Analysis.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗