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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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800 records · Page 45
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Robust Dissimilar Metal Friction Welded Spool for Enhanced Capability for Steam Power Components (Final Program Report)

This project successfully demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of producing durable, friction-welded dissimilar-metal spools, both with and without transition pieces, as well as the use of advanced oxidation-protective coatings for steam power applications. The work encompassed the optimization and full-scale production of NFA tubing, overcoming manufacturing and processing challenges to achieve enhanced strength, creep, and fatigue properties validated by extensive microstructural characterization. Optimized welding techniques were developed and refined for joining dissimilar materials, resulting in defect-free welds optimized for both low- and high-pressure boiler circuits. Systematic evaluation of welding parameters, coupled with heat treatments, ensured reliable performance and minimized weld defects such as banding and cracking. Comprehensive mechanical and non-destructive testing, including tensile, bend, fatigue, and CT scanning, confirmed the superior integrity and durability of the friction-welded joints under representative service conditions. To address oxidation-related degradation, a range of protective alloy coatings—such as IN625, APMT, Duplex 2507, and FeCrAlY—were selected and evaluated for their ability to counteract oxide notch formation at dissimilar metal interfaces. These coatings demonstrated improved oxidation resistance and long-term stability under thermal cycling, thereby extending weld service life. Thermal cyclic testing and long-term studies captured the phase stability and diffusion behavior of coated and uncoated configurations. Validated models for low-cycle fatigue (LCF), creep, and thermal mechanical fatigue (TMF) were developed to predict component life and failure modes. These models confirmed that friction-welded configurations exhibited significantly enhanced performance compared to conventional gas-tungsten arc welding (GTAW), with up to 7× improvement in creep resistance and at least 2× enhancement in fatigue properties. The introduction of a tailored transition piece further reduced thermally induced strains, enhancing fatigue life. The results demonstrate a robust pathway for retrofitting existing steam fleet components and upgrading future equipment to deliver substantially improved cold-start cycling behavior and reduction of unplanned outages due to premature weld failures.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
NASA NTRS2014

Observations on CFD Verification and Validation from the AIAA Drag Prediction Workshops

The authors provide observations from the AIAA Drag Prediction Workshops that have spanned over a decade and from a recent validation experiment at NASA Langley. These workshops provide an assessment of the predictive capability of forces and moments, focused on drag, for transonic transports. It is very difficult to manage the consistency of results in a workshop setting to perform verification and validation at the scientific level, but it may be sufficient to assess it at the level of practice. Observations thus far: 1) due to simplifications in the workshop test cases, wind tunnel data are not necessarily the “correct” results that CFD should match, 2) an average of core CFD data are not necessarily a better estimate of the true solution as it is merely an average of other solutions and has many coupled sources of variation, 3) outlier solutions should be investigated and understood, and 4) the DPW series does not have the systematic build up and definition on both the computational and experimental side that is required for detailed verification and validation. Several observations regarding the importance of the grid, effects of physical modeling, benefits of open forums, and guidance for validation experiments are discussed. The increased variation in results when predicting regions of flow separation and increased variation due to interaction effects, e.g., fuselage and horizontal tail, point out the need for validation data sets for these important flow phenomena. Experiences with a recent validation experiment at NASA Langley are included to provide guidance on validation experiments.

Computational Fluid Dynamics↗
NASA NTRS2018

Uncertainty Analysis of Coaxial Thermocouple Calorimeters Used in Arc Jets

Recent introduction of Coaxial Thermocouple type calorimeters into the NASA Ames arc jet facilities has inspired an analysis of 2D conduction effects internal to this type of calorimeter. Lateral conduction effects violate the 1D finite slab inverse analysis which is typically used to deduce the heat transfer to such calorimeters. The spherical shaped nose associated with most calorimeters (rather than flat) leads to a bias error that over-estimates the stagnation heating. Non-uniform heating on the face of spherically shaped calorimeters leads to conduction losses to the colder rim of the calorimeter which causes an underestimate of the stagnation heating. These two effects come into play at different times of the calorimeter's exposure to the arc jet, so they do not cancel. The spherical body effects come into play in the early stages of exposure, while the non-uniform heating effect becomes most severe at the later stages of exposure. The bias associated with spherical effects can be avoided by rewriting the 1D finite slab inverse analysis code to solve for 1D conduction in spherical coordinates. However, reducing the bias error associated non-uniform heating requires a somewhat ad hoc modification to the 1D finite element inverse analysis.

Isotherms↗
DOE OSTI2011

ITER Central Solenoid support structure analysis

The ITER Central Solenoid (CS) is comprised of six independent coils held together by a pre-compression support structure. This structure must provide enough preload to maintain sufficient coil-to-coil contact and interface load throughout the current pulse. End of burn (EOB) represents one of the most extreme time-points doing the reference scenario when the currents in the CS3 coils oppose those of CS1 & CS2. The CS structure is performance limited by the room temperature static yield requirements needed to support the roughly 180 MN preload to resist coil separation during operation. This preload is applied by inner and external tie plates along the length of the coil stack by mechanical fastening methods utilizing Superbolt technology. The preloading structure satisfies the magnet structural design criteria of ITER and will be verified during mockup studies. The solenoid is supported from the bottom of the toroidal field (TF) coil casing in both the vertical radial directions. The upper support of the CS coil structure maintains radial registration with the TF coil in the event of vertical disruptions (VDE) loads and earthquakes. All of these structure systems are analyzed via a global finite element analysis (FEA). The model includes a complete sector of the TF coil and the CS coil/structure in one self-consistent analysis. The corresponding results and design descriptions are described in this report.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2012

SSL Standards and Guidelines

Solid-state lighting program technology fact sheet that reviews the key performance and safety standards applicable to SSL-based lighting products.

ssl, lighting, LED, standards, UL, IES, NEMA, NFPA↗
DOE OSTI2013

Standards Increase Market Confidence in SSL Performance

Fact sheet that reviews current and future SSL standards developed by DOE and other standards-setting organizations to effectively measure and characterize SSL lighting products.

ssl, solid-state, lighting, standards, market, LED↗