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Results for “Fermionic condensates”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 883 records · Page 49
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Low temperature magnetic structure of CeRhIn 5 by neutron diffraction on absorption-optimized samples

Here, two aspects of the ambient pressure magnetic structure of heavy fermion material CeRhIn 5 have remained under some debate since its discovery: whether the structure is indeed an incommensurate helix or a spin density wave, and what is the precise magnitude of the ordered magnetic moment. By using a single crystal sample optimized for hot neutrons to minimize neutron absorption by Rh and In, here we report an ordered moment of $m=0.54(2)\,{{\mu}_{\text{B}}}$. In addition, by using spherical neutron polarimetry measurements on a similar single crystal sample, we have confirmed the helical nature of the magnetic structure, and identified a single chiral domain.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2011

Baryon Properties from Continuum-QCD

We provide an inkling of recent progress in hadron physics made using QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations, reviewing: the notion of in-hadron condensates and a putative solution of a gross problem with the cosmological constant; a symmetry-preserving computation that simultaneously correlates the masses of meson and baryon ground- and excited-states, and contributes to a resolution of the conundrum of the Roper resonance; and a prediction for the Q{sup 2}-dependence of u-and d-quark Dirac and Pauli form factors in the proton, which exposes the critical role played by diquark correlations within the nucleon.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Giant Anisotropic Magnetoresistance due to Purely Orbital Rearrangement in the Quadrupolar Heavy Fermion Superconductor PrV 2 Al 20

In this report, we discuss the discovery of giant and anisotropic magnetoresistance due to the orbital rearrangement in a non magnetic correlated metal. In particular, we measured the magnetoresistance under fields up to 31.4 T in the cubic Pr-based heavy fermion superconductor PrV 2 Al 20 with a non magnetic Γ 3 doublet ground state, exhibiting antiferro quadrupole ordering below 0.7 K. For the [100] direction, we find that the high field phase appears between 12 and 25 T, accompanied by a large jump at 12 T in the magnetoresistance (ΔMR ~ 100%) and in the anisotropic magnetoresistivity ratio by ~20%. These observations suggest that the strong hybridization between the conduction electrons and anisotropic quadrupole moments leads to the Fermi surface reconstruction upon crossing the field-induced antiferroquadrupole (orbital) rearrangement.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

Polar Kerr Effect from Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking in the Heavy-Fermion Superconductor PrOs 4 Sb 12

Here, we present polar Kerr effect measurements of the filled skutterudite superconductor PrOs 4 Sb 12 . Simultaneous ac susceptibility measurements allow us to observe the superconducting transition under the influence of heating from the optical beam. A nonzero Kerr angle θ K develops below the superconducting transition, saturating at ~300 nrad at low temperatures. This result is repeated across several measurements of multiple samples. By extrapolating the measured θ K (T) to zero optical power, we are able to show that the Kerr angle onset temperature in one set of measurements is consistent with the transition to the B phase at T C2 . We discuss the possible explanations for this result and its impact on the understanding of multiphase and inhomogeneous superconductivity in PrOs 4 Sb 12 .

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

The running coupling of the minimal sextet composite Higgs model

We compute the renormalized running coupling of SU(3) gauge theory coupled to N f = 2 flavors of massless Dirac fermions in the 2-index-symmetric (sextet) representation. This model is of particular interest as a minimal realization of the strongly interacting composite Higgs scenario. A recently proposed finite volume gradient flow scheme is used. The calculations are performed at several lattice spacings with two different implementations of the gradient flow allowing for a controlled continuum extrapolation and particular attention is paid to estimating the systematic uncertainties. For small values of the renormalized coupling our results for the β-function agree with perturbation theory. For moderate couplings we observe a downward deviation relative to the 2-loop β-function but in the coupling range where the continuum extrapolation is fully under control we do not observe an infrared fixed point. The explored range includes the locations of the zero of the 3-loop and the 4-loop β-functions in the $\overline{MS}$ scheme. The absence of a non-trivial zero in the β-function in the explored range of the coupling is consistent with our earlier findings based on hadronic observables, the chiral condensate and the GMOR relation. The present work is the first to report continuum non-perturbative results for the sextet model.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Thermal stitching: Combining the advantages of different quantum fermion solvers

For quantum fermion problems, many accurate solvers are limited by the temperature regime in which they can be usefully applied. The Mermin theorem implies the uniqueness of an effective potential from which both the exact density and free energy at a target temperature can be found, via a calculation at a different, reference temperature. We derive exact expressions for both the potential and the free energy in such a calculation and introduce three controllable approximations that reduce the cost of such calculations. In conclusion, we illustrate the effective potential and its free energy, and test the approximations, on the asymmetric two-site Hubbard model at finite temperature.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2022

Topological Hall Effect Anisotropy in Kagome Bilayer Metal Fe 3 Sn 2

Kagome lattice materials attract growing interest for their topological properties and flat-bands in electronic structure. We present comprehensive study on the anisotropy and out-of-plane electric transport in Fe 3 Sn 2 , a metal with bilayer of Fe kagome planes and with massive Dirac fermions that features high-temperature non-collinear magnetic structure and magnetic skyrmions. For the electrical current path along the c-axis, in micron-size crystals, we found a large topological Hall effect (THE) over a wide temperature range down to spin-glass state. Twofold and fourfold angular magnetoresistance are observed for different magnetic phases, reflecting the competition of magnetic interactions and magnetic anisotropy in kagome lattice that preserve robust topological Hall effect for inter kagomebilayer currents. This information provides new insight into the anisotropy in Fe 3 Sn 2 , of interest in skyrmionicbubble application-related micron-size devices.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2020

Effect of Berry phase on nonlinear response of two-dimensional fermions

We develop a theory of nonlinear response to an electric field of two-dimensional (2D) fermions with topologically nontrivial wave functions characterized by the Berry phase Φ n = n π , n = 1 , 2 , ... . In particular, we find that owing to the suppression of backscattering at odd n , Hall field-induced resistance oscillations, which stem from elastic electron transitions between Hall field-tilted Landau levels, are qualitatively distinct from those at even n : Their amplitude decays with the electric field and their extrema are phase shifted by a quarter cycle. The theory unifies the cases of graphene ( n = 1 ) and graphite bilayer ( n = 2 ) with the case of conventional 2D electron gas ( n = 0 ) and suggests another method to probe backscattering in topological 2D systems.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Magnetic properties of nearly stoichiometric CeAuBi{sub 2} heavy fermion compound

Motivated by the interesting magnetic anisotropy found in the heavy fermion family CeTX{sub 2} (T = transition metal and X = pnictogen), here, we study the novel parent compound CeAu{sub 1−x}Bi{sub 2−y} by combining magnetization, pressure dependent electrical resistivity, and heat-capacity measurements. The magnetic properties of our nearly stoichiometric single crystal sample of CeAu{sub 1−x}Bi{sub 2−y} (x = 0.92 and y = 1.6) revealed an antiferromagnetic ordering at T{sub N} = 12 K with an easy axis along the c-direction. The field dependent magnetization data at low temperatures reveal the existence of a spin-flop transition when the field is applied along the c-axis (H{sub c} ∼ 7.5 T and T = 5 K). The heat capacity and pressure dependent resistivity data suggest that CeAu{sub 0.92}Bi{sub 1.6} exhibits a weak heavy fermion behavior with strongly localized Ce{sup 3+} 4f electrons. Furthermore, the systematic analysis using a mean field model including anisotropic nearest-neighbors interactions and the tetragonal crystalline electric field (CEF) Hamiltonian allows us to extract a CEF scheme and two different values for the anisotropic J{sub RKKY} exchange parameters between the Ce{sup 3+} ions in this compound. Thus, we discuss a scenario, considering both the anisotropic magnetic interactions and the tetragonal CEF effects, in the CeAu{sub 1−x}Bi{sub 2−y} compounds, and we compare our results with the isostructural compound CeCuBi{sub 2}.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Topological properties of ferromagnetic superconductors

Here, a variety of heavy fermion superconductors, such as UCoGe, UGe 2 , and URhGe exhibit a striking coexistence of bulk ferromagnetism and superconductivity. In the first two materials, the magnetic moment decreases with pressure, and vanishes at a ferromagnetic quantum critical point (qcp). Remarkably, the superconductivity in UCoGe varies smoothly with pressure across the qcp and exists in both the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regimes. We argue that in UCoGe, spin-orbit interactions stabilize a time-reversal invariant odd-parity superconductor in the high pressure paramagnetic regime. Based on a simple phenomenological model, we predict that the transition from the paramagnetic normal state to the phase where superconductivity and ferromagnetism coexist is a first-order transition.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2020

Heat generation due to the Anderson catastrophe in mesoscopic devices

Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe (AOC) theorem establishes that the ground state of the many-body fermion system is asymptotically orthogonal to the ground state of the same system perturbed by a scattering potential so that the overlap between the original and new ground states decays to zero with the system size. We adopt the AOC for a description of heat production in a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor. We find that the heat released in the transistor comprises two distinct components, contribution from the dissipation accompanying electron transmission under the applied voltage and purely quantum-mechanical AOC part due to the change in scattering matrix for electrons upon switching between high and low conductance regimes. We calculate the AOC-induced heat production, which we call switching heat.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Interlaced coarse-graining for the dynamic cluster approximation

The dynamical cluster approximation (DCA) and its DCA + extension use coarse-graining of the momentum space to reduce the complexity of quantum many-body problems, thereby mapping the bulk lattice to a cluster embedded in a dynamical mean-field host. In this work, we introduce a new form of an interlaced coarse-graining and compare it with the traditional coarse-graining. While it gives a more localized self-energy for a given cluster size, we show that it leads to more controlled results with weaker cluster shape and smoother cluster size dependence, which converge to the results obtained from the standard coarse-graining with increasing cluster size. Most importantly, the new coarse-graining reduces the severity of the fermionic sign problem of the underlying quantum Monte Carlo cluster solver and thus allows for calculations on larger clusters. This enables the treatment of correlations longer ranged than those accessible with the standard coarse-graining and thus can allow for the evaluation of the exact infinite cluster size result via finite size scaling. As a demonstration, we study the hole-doped two-dimensional Hubbard model and show that the interlaced coarse-graining in combination with the extended DCA + algorithm permits the determination of the superconducting T c on cluster sizes for which the results can be fit with a Kosterlitz-Thouless scaling law.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

Anisotropic Dirac Fermions in BaMnBi2 and BaZnBi2

Abstract We investigate the electronic structure of BaMnBi 2 and BaZnBi 2 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. Although they share similar structural properties, we show that their electronic structure exhibit dramatic differences. A strong anisotropic Dirac dispersion is revealed in BaMnBi 2 with a decreased asymmetry factor compared with other members of AMnBi 2 (A = alkali earth or rare earth elements) family. In addition to the Dirac cones, multiple bands crossing the Fermi energy give rise to a complex Fermi surface topology for BaZnBi 2 . We further show that the strength of hybridization between Bi- p and Mn- d /Zn- s states is the main driver of the differences in electronic structure for these two related compounds.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

Particle-hole symmetry and composite fermions in fractional quantum Hall states

We study fractional quantum Hall states at filling fractions in the Jain sequences using the framework of composite Dirac fermions. Synthesizing previous work, we write down an effective field theory consistent with all symmetry requirements, including Galilean invariance and particle-hole symmetry. Employing a Fermi liquid description, we demonstrate the appearance of the Girvin-Macdonlald-Platzman algebra and compute the dispersion relation of neutral excitations and various response functions. Our results satisfy requirements of particle-hole symmetry. We show that while the dispersion relation obtained from the HLR theory is particle-hole symmetric, correlation functions obtained from HLR are not. The results of the Dirac theory are shown to be consistent with the Haldane bound on the projected structure factor, while those of the HLR theory violate it.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

A symmetry breaking scenario for QCD 3

We consider the dynamics of 2+1 dimensional SU(N) gauge theory with Chern-Simons level k and N ƒ fundamental fermions. By requiring consistency with previously suggested dualities for N ƒ ≤ 2k as well as the dynamics at k = 0 we propose that the theory with N f > 2k breaks the U(N f ) global symmetry spontaneously to U(N ƒ /2 + k) × U(N ƒ /2 - k). In contrast to the 3+1 dimensional case, the symmetry breaking takes place in a range of quark masses and not just at one point. The target space never becomes parametrically large and the Nambu-Goldstone bosons are therefore not visible semi-classically. Such symmetry breaking is argued to take place in some intermediate range of the number of flavors, 2k < N ƒ < N * (N, k), with the upper limit N * obeying various constraints. The Lagrangian for the Nambu-Goldstone bosons has to be supplemented by nontrivial Wess-Zumino terms that are necessary for the consistency of the picture, even at k = 0. Furthermore, we suggest two scalar dual theories in this range of N ƒ . A similar picture is developed for SO(N) and Sp(N) gauge theories. It sheds new light on monopole condensation and confinement in the SO(N) & Spin(N) theories.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Giant supercurrent states in a superconductor-InAs/GaSb-superconductor junction

Superconductivity in topological materials has attracted a great deal of interest in both electron physics and material sciences since the theoretical predictions that Majorana fermions can be realized in topological superconductors. Topological superconductivity could be realized in a type II, band-inverted, InAs/GaSb quantum well if it is in proximity to a conventional superconductor. Here, we report observations of the proximity effect induced giant supercurrent states in an InAs/GaSb bilayer system that is sandwiched between two superconducting tantalum electrodes to form a superconductor-InAs/GaSb-superconductor junction. Electron transport results show that the supercurrent states can be preserved in a surprisingly large temperature-magnetic field (T – H) parameter space. In addition, the evolution of differential resistance in T and H reveals an interesting superconducting gap structure.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

A new kind of topological quantum order: A dimensional hierarchy of quasiparticles built from stationary excitations

Here, we introduce exactly solvable models of interacting (Majorana) fermions in d ≥ 3 spatial dimensions that realize a new kind of fermion topological quantum order, building on a model presented by S. Vijay, T. H. Hsieh, and L. Fu [Phys. Rev. X 5, 041038 (2015)]. These models have extensive topological ground-state degeneracy and a hierarchy of pointlike, topological excitations that are only free to move within submanifolds of the lattice. In particular, one of our models has fundamental excitations that are completely stationary. To demonstrate these results, we introduce a powerful polynomial representation of commuting Majorana Hamiltonians. Remarkably, the physical properties of the topologically ordered state are encoded in an algebraic variety, defined by the common zeros of a set of polynomials over a finite field. This provides a “geometric” framework for the emergence of topological order.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2019

Strong Spin–Charge Coupling and Its Manifestation in the Quasiparticle Structure, Cooper Instability, and Electromagnetic Properties of Cuprates

The Fermi excitation spectrum, the problem of Cooper instability, and the Londons magnetic field penetration depth in cuprate superconductors are considered using the unified conception based on accounting for the strong coupling between the spin of copper ions and holes at oxygen ions. This coupling leads to strong renormalization of the primary spectrum of oxygen holes with the formation of spin-polaron quasiparticles. Analysis of Cooper instability performed using the spin-polaron concept for different channels has shown that only the superconducting d-wave pairing occurs in the ensemble of spin-polaron quasiparticles, and there are no solutions corresponding to the s-wave pairing. It has been demonstrated that the superconducting d-wave pairing is not suppressed by the Coulomb repulsion of holes located at neighboring oxygen ions. This effect is due to peculiarities in the crystallographic structure of the CuO{sub 2} plane and the aforementioned strong spin–fermion coupling. As a result, such interaction of holes is omitted in the kernel of the integral equation for the superconducting order parameter with the d-wave symmetry. It has been shown the Hubbard repulsion of holes and their interaction for the second coordination sphere of the oxygen sublattice for actual intensities of the interaction do not suppress the d-wave type of superconductivity. For the spin-polaron ensemble, we have analyzed the dependence of the Londons magnetic field penetration depth on the temperature and hole concentration. It has been established that the peculiarities of this dependence are closely related to specific features of the spin-polaron spectrum.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗