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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 883 records · Page 49
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DOE OSTI2011

Masses of vector bosons in two-color dense QCD based on the generalized hidden local symmetry

We study the dependence of 'vector' and 'axial-vector' boson masses (mesons and diquark baryons with J{sup P} = 1{sup {+-}} on the baryon density {mu}{sub B} for two-color QCD. We show that the baryonic axial-vector boson has a finite vacuum expectation value (VEV) at the finite {mu}{sub B} where the U(1){sub B} symmetry is spontaneously broken. We also find that the VEV causes the mixing between 'vector' and 'axial-vector' bosons. As a result of the mixing, our model can reproduce the {mu}{sub B} dependence of '(axial-) vector' boson masses shown by the lattice data.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Charmonium-nucleon interaction from lattice QCD with 2+1 flavors of dynamical quarks

We report results for charmonium-nucleon potential V{sub cc}-bar{sub N}(r) from lattice QCD, which is calculated from the equal-time Bethe-Salpeter amplitude through the effective Schroedinger equation. Detailed information of the low-energy interaction between the charmonia ({eta}{sub c} and J/{psi}) and the nucleon is indispensable for exploring the formation of charmonium bound to nuclei. Our simulations are carried out at a lattice cutoff of 1/a{approx_equal}2 GeV in a spatial volume of (3fm){sup 3} with the non-perturbatively O(a)-improved Wilson fermions for the light quarks and a relativistic heavy quark action for the charm quark. Although our main results are calculated in quenched lattice calculations, we also present preliminary full QCD results by using 2+1 flavor QCD configurations generated by the PACS-CS Collaboration. We have found that the charmonium-nucleon potential is weakly attractive at short distances and exponentially screened at large distances.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Dust-ion Acoustic Solitary Waves In A Multi-component Plasma With Negative Ions

We have investigated the dynamics of propagation of electrostatic solitary waves in a plasma consisting of charged dust particles, negative and positive ions and superthermal (kappa) electrons. Using Sagdeev potential method, the energy-balance like equation is derived to study the role of dust concentration, negative ion concentration, as well as of superthermality on solitary structures.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2011

Improvements to MINOS CCQE Analysis

The MINOS experiment has the world's largest data set of neutrino interactions in the 1-10 GeV energy range. In addition, the data are neutrino interactions on iron, allowing us to explore the nuclear effects on neutrino scattering. We present two improvements to the MINOS charged current quasi-elastic analysis presented at NuInt 2009: a background correction function extracted from two resonance enhanced selections, and an improved fit procedure that includes event samples selected by looking for the recoil proton.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Neutrino nucleus reactions at high energies within the GiBUU model

The GiBUU model, which implements all reaction channels relevant at medium neutrino energy, is used to investigate the neutrino and antineutrino scattering on iron. Results for integrated cross sections are compared with NOMAD and MINOS data. It is shown, that final state interaction can noticeably change the spectra of the outgoing hadrons. Predictions for the Miner{nu}a experiment are made for pion spectra, averaged over NuMI neutrino and antineutrino fluxes.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Different Contributions of the {phi}{yields}K{sup 0}K-bar{sup 0}{gamma} Decay

The scalar mesons and vector mesons contribution to the radiative decay {phi}{yields}K{sup 0}K-bar{sup 0}{gamma} are studied within the framework of the phenomenological approach. The branching ratio of this decay is calculated to be 10{sup -8}-10{sup -12}. Furthermore, obtained values are compared with the experimental and theoretical results existing in the literature.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Radiative {phi}{yields}{sigma}{gamma} Vertex in QCD Sum Rules and Phenomenological Approach

We estimate the coupling constant g{sub {phi}{sigma}{gamma}} by using the three-point correlation function and we also investigate this coupling constant by studying the effective lagrangians. Here we consider the effect the {phi}-{omega} mixing effect to the calculation. Besides, a comparison of our predictions with the theoretical results existing in literature is presented.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Optimum value of original events on the PEPT technique

Do Positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) has been used to track the motion of a single radioactively labeled tracer particle within a bed of similar particles. In this paper, the effect of the original event fraction on the results precise in two experiments has been reviewed. Results showed that the algorithm can no longer distinguish some corrupt trajectories, in addition to; further iteration reduces the statistical significance of the sample without improving its quality. Results show that the optimum value of trajectories depends on the type of experiment.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2015

Successful N{sub 2} leptogenesis with flavour coupling effects in realistic unified models

In realistic unified models involving so-called SO(10)-inspired patterns of Dirac and heavy right-handed (RH) neutrino masses, the lightest right-handed neutrino N{sub 1} is too light to yield successful thermal leptogenesis, barring highly fine tuned solutions, while the second heaviest right-handed neutrino N{sub 2} is typically in the correct mass range. We show that flavour coupling effects in the Boltzmann equations may be crucial to the success of such N{sub 2} dominated leptogenesis, by helping to ensure that the flavour asymmetries produced at the N{sub 2} scale survive N{sub 1} washout. To illustrate these effects we focus on N{sub 2} dominated leptogenesis in an existing model, the A to Z of flavour with Pati-Salam, where the neutrino Dirac mass matrix may be equal to an up-type quark mass matrix and has a particular constrained structure. The numerical results, supported by analytical insight, show that in order to achieve successful N{sub 2} leptogenesis, consistent with neutrino phenomenology, requires a “flavour swap scenario” together with a less hierarchical pattern of RH neutrino masses than naively expected, at the expense of some mild fine-tuning. In the considered A to Z model neutrino masses are predicted to be normal ordered, with an atmospheric neutrino mixing angle well into the second octant and the Dirac phase δ≃20{sup ∘}, a set of predictions that will be tested in the next years in neutrino oscillation experiments. Flavour coupling effects may be relevant for other SO(10)-inspired unified models where N{sub 2} leptogenesis is necessary.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

geant4 hadronic cascade models analysis of proton and charged pion transverse momentum spectra from p + Cu and Pb collisions at 3, 8, and 15 GeV/c

We describe how various hadronic cascade models, which are implemented in the geant4 toolkit, describe proton and charged pion transverse momentum spectra from p + Cu and Pb collisions at 3, 8, and 15 GeV/c, recently measured in the hadron production (HARP) experiment at CERN. The Binary, ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) and modified FRITIOF (FTF) hadronic cascade models are chosen for investigation. The first two models are based on limited (Binary) and branched (UrQMD) binary scattering between cascade particles which can be either a baryon or meson, in the three-dimensional space of the nucleus, while the latter (FTF) considers collective interactions between nucleons only, on the plane of impact parameter. It is found that the slow (p{sub T}{<=}0.3 GeV/c) proton spectra are quite sensitive to the different treatments of cascade pictures, while the fast (p{sub T}>0.3 GeV/c) proton spectra are not strongly affected by the differences between the FTF and UrQMD models. It is also shown that the UrQMD and FTF combined with Binary (FTFB) models could reproduce both proton and charged pion spectra from p + Cu and Pb collisions at 3, 8, and 15 GeV/c with the same accuracy.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Correspondence between Hanbury-Brown-Twiss radii and the emission zone in noncentral heavy ion collisions

In noncentral collisions between ultrarelativistic heavy ions, the freeze-out distribution is anisotropic, and its major longitudinal axis may be tilted away from the beam direction. The shape and orientation of this distribution are particularly interesting, as they provide a snapshot of the evolving source and reflect the space-time aspect of anisotropic flow. Experimentally, this information is extracted by measuring pion Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) radii as a function of angle with respect to the reaction plane. The connection between measured radius oscillations and the underlying geometry is necessarily model-dependent; many existing formulas are strictly valid only for Gaussian sources with no collective flow. With a realistic transport model of the collision, which generates flow and non-Gaussian sources, we find that these formulas approximately reflect the anisotropy of the freeze-out distribution.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Be-{alpha} correlations in the linear-chain structure of C isotopes

We investigate the linear-chain structures in highly excited states of {sup 14}C using a generalized molecular-orbital model, by which we incorporate an asymmetric configuration of three {alpha} clusters in the linear-chain states. By applying this model to the {sup 14}C system, we study the {sup 10}Be+{alpha} correlation in the linear-chain state of {sup 14}C. To clarify the origin of the {sup 10}Be+{alpha} correlation in the {sup 14}C linear-chain state, we analyze linear 3 {alpha} and 3{alpha} + n systems in a similar way. We find that a linear 3{alpha} system prefers the asymmetric 2{alpha} + {alpha} configuration, whose origin is the many-body correlation incorporated by the parity projection. This configuration causes an asymmetric mean field for two valence neutrons, which induces the concentration of valence neutron wave functions around the correlating 2{alpha}. A linear-chain structure of {sup 16}C is also discussed.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Breakdown of partial conservation of axial current in diffractive neutrino interactions

We test the hypothesis of partially conserved axial current in high-energy diffractive neutrino production of pions. Since the pion pole contribution to the Adler relation (AR) is forbidden by conservation of the lepton current, the heavier states, like the a{sub 1} pole, {rho}-{pi} cut, etc., control the lifetime of the hadronic fluctuations of the neutrino. We evaluate the deviation from the AR in diffractive neutrino production of pions on proton and nuclear targets. At high energies, when all the relevant time scales considerably exceed the size of the target, the AR explicitly breaks down on an absorptive target, such as a heavy nucleus. In this regime, close to the black disk limit, the off-diagonal diffractive amplitudes vanish, while the diagonal one, {pi}{yields}{pi}, which enters the AR, maximizes and saturates the unitarity bound. At lower energies, in the regime of short lifetime of heavy hadronic fluctuations the AR is restored, i.e., it is not altered by the nuclear effects.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Extracting the photoproduction cross sections off the neutron, via the {gamma}n{yields}{pi}{sup -}p reaction, from deuteron data with final-state interaction effects

The incoherent pion photoproduction reaction {gamma}d {yields} {pi}{sup -}pp is considered theoretically in a wide energy region E{sub th}{<=}E{sub {gamma}}{<=}2700 MeV. The model applied contains the impulse approximation as well as the NN and {pi}N final-state-interaction (FSI) amplitudes. The aim of the paper is to study a reliable way for getting the information on elementary {gamma}n {yields} {pi}{sup -}p reaction cross sections beyond the impulse approximation for {gamma}d {yields} {pi}{sup -}pp. For the elementary {gamma}N {yields} {pi}N, N N {yields} N N, and {pi}N {yields} {pi}N amplitudes, the results of The George Washington University (GW) Data Analysis Center (DAC) are used. There are no additional theoretical constraints. The calculated cross sections d{sigma} /d{Omega}({gamma}d {yields} {pi}{sup -}pp) are compared with existing data. The procedure used to extract information on the differential cross section d{sigma} /d{Omega}({gamma}n {yields} {pi}{sup -}p) on the neutron from the deuteron data using the FSI correction factor R is discussed. The calculations for R versus {pi}{sup -}p center-of-mass (CM) angle {theta}{sub 1} of the outgoing pion are performed at different photon-beam energies with kinematic cuts for a ''quasifree'' process {gamma}n {yields} {pi}{sup -}p. The results show a sizable FSI effect R{ne}1 from the S-wave part of pp-FSI at small angles close to {theta}{sub 1}{approx}0: this region narrows as the photon energy increases. At larger angles, the effect is small (|R - 1|<<1) and agrees with estimations of FSI in the Glauber approach.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Top-pair forward-backward asymmetry beyond next-to-leading order

We make use of recent results in effective theory and higher-order perturbative calculations to improve the theoretical predictions of the QCD contribution to the top-quark pair production forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron. In particular, we supplement the fixed-order next-to-leading order calculation with higher-order corrections from soft-gluon resummation at next-to next-to-leading order accuracy performed in two different kinematic schemes, which allows us to make improved predictions for the asymmetry in the pp and tt rest frames as a function of the rapidity and invariant mass of the tt pair. Furthermore, we provide binned results which can be compared with the recent measurements of the forward-backward asymmetry in events with a large pair invariant mass or rapidity difference. Finally, we calculate at NLO+NNLL order the top-quark charge asymmetry at the LHC as a function of a lower rapidity cutoff for the top and antitop quarks.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Dipion invariant mass distribution of the anomalous {Upsilon}(1S){pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} and {Upsilon}(2S){pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} production near the peak of {Upsilon}(10860)

Considering the defects of the previous work for estimating the anomalous production rates of e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{Upsilon}(1S){pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, {Upsilon}(2S){pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} near the peak of the {Upsilon}(5S) resonance at {radical}(s)=10.87 GeV [K. F. Chen et al. (Belle Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 112001 (2008)], we suggest a new scenario where the contributions from the direct dipion transition and the final-state interactions interfere to result in not only the anomalously large production rates, but also line shapes of the differential widths consistent with experimental measurement when assuming the reactions are due to the dipion emission of {Upsilon}(5S). At the end, we raise a new puzzle that the predicted differential width d{Gamma}({Upsilon}(5S){yields}{Upsilon}(2S){pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -})/dcos{theta} has a discrepant trend from the data while other predictions are well in accord with the data. It should be further clarified by more accurate measurements carried by future experiments.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Dressed Polyakov loop and flavor dependent phase transitions

The chiral condensate and dressed Polyakov loop at finite temperature and density have been investigated in the framework of the N{sub f}=2+1 Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model with two degenerate u, d quarks and one strange quark. In the case of explicit chiral symmetry breaking with physical quark masses, it is found that the phase transitions for light u, d, and s quark are sequentially happened, and the separation between the transition lines for different flavors becomes wider and wider with the increase of baryon density. For each flavor, the pseudocritical temperatures for chiral condensate and dressed Polyakov loop differ in a narrow transition range in the lower baryon density region, and the two transitions coincide in the higher baryon density region.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗