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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 883 records · Page 49

An example of anticorrelation of auroral particles and electric fields.

The question of whether correlation or anticorrelation should occur is complex and depends on many factors, e.g., the internal impedance of the source; the Pedersen conductivity, which in turn is dependent on the incident energy of the precipitated particles; whether space charge can build up; and the magnitude of the incoming flux. Data are presented from a case in which an anticorrelation between auroral particles and electric fields is especially striking. The data were obtained from a Nike Tomahawk launched from the Norwegian rocket range at Andoya. The experiments carried are described briefly. The data support the anticorrelation model as one mechanism that can affect the electric field strength in auroral regions.

Maynard, N. C.↗

Remote lift fan study program, volume 4

A study program to select and conduct preliminary design of advanced technology lift fan systems to meet low noise goals of future V/STOL transport aircraft is discussed. This volume contains results of additional studies conducted to support the main preliminary design effort done under the Remote Lift Fan Study Program (Contract NAS3-14406) and a companion effort, the Integral Lift Fan Study (NAS3-14404). These results cover engine emission study, a review of existing engines for research aircraft application and support data for aircraft studies.

Source record↗

Break-up characteristics of the Chena River watershed, central Alaska

The author has identified the following significant results. The snow melt for a small watershed (5130 sq km) in Central Alaska was successfully monitored with ERTS-1 imagery. Aerial photography was used as supporting data for periods without satellite coverage. Comparison both with actual measurements and with a computer model showed good agreement.

Carlson, R. F.↗

Isolated cold plasma regions: Observations and their relation to possible production mechanisms

Regions of enhanced cold plasma, isolated from the main plasmasphere along the Explorer 45 orbit on the equatorial plane, are reported using the sheath induced potentials seen by the electric field experiment. The occurrence of these regions has a strong correlation with negative enhancements of Dst, and their locations are primarily in the noon-dusk quadrant. The data support the concept that changes in large scale convection play a dominant role in the formation of these regions. Plasmatails that are predicted from enhancements of large scale convection electric fields in general define where these regions may be found. More localized processes are necessary to account for the exact configuration and structure seen in these regions and may eventually result in detachment from the main plasmasphere.

Maynard, N. C.↗

A comparison of the geomagnetic ap index with fluctuations in B and V - Mariner 5

Mariner 5 data for the interplanetary magnetic field and the solar wind velocity are compared with terrestrial ap values for the period from June 15, to August 22, 1967. It is concluded that fluctuations in the interplanetary magnetic field are more closely coupled to geomagnetic activity as measured with the ap index than are fluctuations in the solar wind velocity. During periods of high-level activity, the data support the Dessler and Walters (1964) model where the magnetic field is the primary causal agent of geomagnetic activity.

Jones, D. E.↗

Mesozoic thermal events in southeast China

A new set of age data on some granitic batholiths of southeast China is reported. It is shown that these new data support the postulate of Larsen and Putman (1972) that, during the late Mesozoic, the Pacific sea floor was spreading from at least five spreading centers joined at two triple points. Attention is called to the coeval occurrence of paired metamorphism and intrusion on both sides of the Pacific during the Mesozoic.

Jahn, B.↗

Development of the Apollo Control Network

Description of activities associated with photogrammetric reduction of photography and support data gathered by Apollo spacecraft in lunar orbit. The aim of these activities is to combine all data from Apollo 15, 16, and 17 missions for the purpose of forming a unified control system on the moon called the Apollo Control Network. The status of efforts at reduction of data from each of these missions is summarized along with a proposed scheme for combining the three missions in a simultaneous reduction. Plans to expand the network by use of Apollo oblique mapping photography are also discussed, and the results of an oblique triangulation test are evaluated.

Hassell, J. R.↗

Skylab flight plan development

For the Skylab Program, extensive premission flight planning was accomplished in the 3-yr period preceding lift-off. After the activation phase for each mission, however, all flight planning for real-time operations was conducted by ground support personnel on a daily basis, primarily for two reasons: (1) the long duration of the missions precluded the continued use of a premission plan, and (2) the variation in the earth resources experiment package (EREP) requirements and opportunities (primarily due to weather), precluded any premission planning for these experiments. An onboard teleprinter was used each day to transmit the flight plan and necessary supporting data to the crew. The teleprinter enabled the routine transmission of large amounts of data to the crew and therefore was primarily responsible for the daily planning capability in the Skylab Program.

Anderson, W. M.↗

Precision satellite altimetry

This paper is intended to provide a general background on the concept of precision altimetry, including geometry, measurement techniques and calibration. The altimeter project activities associated with the NASA Earth and Ocean Physics Program are presented. The present capabilities of various altimetry techniques will be discussed and supporting data presented.

Mcgoogan, J. T.↗

A free flight investigation of transonic sting interference

Transonic sting interference has been studied in a supersonic wind tunnel to obtain free flight and sting support data on identical models. The two principal configurations, representing fuselage bodies, were cigar shaped with tail fins. The others were a sharp 10-deg cone, a sphere, and a blunt entry body. Comparative data indicated that the sting had an appreciable effect on drag for the fuselage-like configurations; drag rise occurred 0.02 Mach number earlier in free flight, and drag level was 15% greater. The spheres and the blunt bodies were insensitive to the presence of stings regardless of their size. The 10-deg cones were in between, experiencing no drag difference with a minimum diameter sting, but a moderate difference with the largest diameter sting tested. All data tend to confirm the notion that for the more slender bodies the sting not only affects flow but the forebody flow as well.

Jaffe, P.↗

The temperature gradient in the solar nebula

The available compositional data on planets and satellites can be used to place stringent limits on the thermal environment in the solar nebula. The densities of the terrestrial planets, Ceres and Vesta, the Galilean satellites, and Titan; the atmospheric compositions of several of these bodies; and geochemical and geophysical data on the earth combine to define a strong dependence of formation temperature on heliocentric distance. It is impossible to reconcile the available compositional data with any model in which the formation temperatures of these bodies are determined by radiative equilibrium with the sun, regardless of the sun's luminosity. Rather, the data support Cameron's hypothesis of a dense, convective solar nebula, opaque to solar radiation, with an adiabatic temperature-pressure profile.

Lewis, J. S.↗

Crystallization behavior of anorthite

The growth rate of anorthite crystals from the melt is studied as a function of temperature with undercooling in the ranges 52-152 and 402-652 degrees C. The triclinic form is invariably observed as the crystallization product, growth is preferentially in the c direction, and the interface morphology is faceted. Significant growth rate anisotropy is indicated. The maximum growth rate of anorthite from the melt is higher than for anorthite-rich lunar compositions. Recent computer studies are combined with experimental data to estimate the heat of fusion of anorthite as 28000-45000 cal/mol; the corresponding range for entropy of fusion is (7.8-12)R (where R is the gas constant). The observations and kinetic data support Jackson's predictions concerning materials with large entropies of fusion and his suggestion that entropy of fusion is an important parameter for characterizing the crystal-liquid interface and the nature of the crystallization process.

Klein, L.↗

A neon-E-rich phase in the Orgueil carbonaceous chondrite

Attention is given to a procedure for separating a silicate fraction which contains large amounts of neon-E from the carbonaceous chondrite Orgueil. In this fraction a 20Ne/22Ne ratio of 4.56 is measured. The obtained data support the hypothesis that neon-E might be associated with interstellar dust grains of the type not fully homogenized with the solar system and which retain some of their trapped neon. Neon results in a three-isotope diagram are presented.

Eberhardt, P.↗

The peculiar object HD 44179 /'The red rectangle'/

A strong infrared source detected in the AFCRL sky survey is confirmed, and is identified with the binary star HD 44179, embedded in a peculiar nebula. UBVRI and broad-band photometry between 2.2 and 27 microns are combined with blue, red, and near-infrared spectra, polarimetry and spectrophotometry of the star, and a range of direct and image-tube photographs of the nebula, to suggest a composite model of the system. In this model, the infrared radiation derives from thermal emission by dust grains contained in a disklike geometry about the central object, which appears to be of spectral type B9-A0 III and which may be in pre-main-sequence evolution. Two infrared emission features are found, peaking at 8.7 and 11.3 microns, the latter corresponding to the feature seen in the spectrum of the planetary nebula NGC 7027. The complex nebular structure is discussed on the basis of photographs through narrow-band continuum and emission-line filters. The polarization data support the suggestion of a disk containing some large particles. No radio continuum emission is detected.

Cohen, M.↗

Isolated cold plasma regions - Observations and their relation to possible production mechanisms

Regions of enhanced cold plasma, isolated from the main plasmasphere along the Explorer 45 (53-A) orbit in the equatorial plane, have been detected by using the sheath-induced potentials seen by the electric field experiment. The occurrence of these regions has a strong correlation with negative enhancements of Dst, and their locations are primarily in the noon-dusk quadrant. The data support the concept that changes in large-scale convection play a dominant role in the formation of these regions. Plasma tails that are predicted from enhancements of large-scale convection electric fields in general define where these regions may be found. More localized processes are necessary to account for the exact configuration and structure seen in these regions and may eventually result in detachment from the main plasmasphere.

Maynard, N. C.↗

Corona-vacuum failure mechanism test facilities

A nondestructive corona-vacuum test facility for testing high-voltage power system components has been developed using commercially available hardware. The facility simulates operating temperature and vacuum while monitoring coronal discharges with residual gases. Corona threshold voltages obtained from statorette tests with various gas-solid dielectric systems and comparison with calculated data support the following conclusions: (1) air gives the highest corona threshold voltage and helium the lowest, with argon and helium-xenon mixtures intermediate; (2) corona threshold voltage increases with gas pressure; (3) corona threshold voltage for an armature winding can be accurately calculated by using Paschen curves for a uniform field; and (4) Paschen curves for argon can be used to calculate the corona threshold voltage in He-Xe mixtures, for which Paschen curves are unavailable.-

Lalli, V. R.↗

Particle acceleration in solar flares

A review of observational data supports the proposal that there are two distinct phases of particle acceleration in solar flares. 'Phase 1' is associated with the flash phase and is here interpreted as acceleration during field-line reconnection. 'Phase 2' is associated with type II and type IV radio bursts, and is ascribed to stochastic acceleration in the turbulent plasma behind a magnetohydrodynamic shock formed ahead of an ejected plasmoid.

Sturrock, P. A.↗