An analysis of the effect of a particular class of PFM on noise inputs
Statistical analysis of pulse frequency modulation systems with white noise input
Chon, Y. T.↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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On a function space approach to a class of linear stochastic optimal control systems
Function space approach to linear stochastic optimal control systems
Luh, J. Y. S.↗
An application of cluster detection to scene analysis
Certain arrangements of local features in a scene tend to group together and to be seen as units. It is suggested that in some instances, this phenomenon might be interpretable as a process of cluster detection in a graph-structured space derived from the scene. This idea is illustrated using a class of scenes that contain only horizontal and vertical line segments.
Rosenfeld, A. H.↗
Shape‐Evolving Structured Liquids
Migration, division, and reconfiguration - functions essential to living systems - are driven by active processes. Developing synthetic mimics is an outstanding challenge. Lipid bilayers that bound natural systems are locally deformed by active species, e.g., microtubules, but the resulting non-equilibrium shapes relax when active species motion ceases, and the shape changes lack immediate control. A fully synthetic system is described, driven by active particles encapsulated by a reconfigurable nanoparticle-surfactant membrane that undergoes shape fluctuations reminiscent of living cells. These shape changes are preserved after particle activity stops. Surfactant concentration tunes the interfacial tension over three orders of magnitude, making on-demand shape evolution possible. Directional migration, division, and reconfiguration across multiple scales are possible, leading to a new class of biomimetic, reconfigurable, and responsive materials, paving the way for autonomous synthetic machines.
Kim, Paul Y↗
The Berkeley extreme ultraviolet calibration facility
The vacuum calibration facilities of the Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley are designed for the calibration and testing of EUV and FUV spaceborne instrumentation (spectral range 44-2500 A). The facility includes one large cylindrical vacuum chamber (3 x 5 m) containing two EUV collimators, and it is equipped with a 4-axis manipulator of angular-control resolution 1 arcsec for payloads weighing up to 500 kg. In addition, two smaller cylindrical chambers, each 0.9 x 1.2 m, are available for vacuum and thermal testing of UV detectors, filters, and space electronics hardware. All three chambers open into class-10,000 clean rooms, and all calibrations are referred to NBS secondary standards.
Welsh, Barry Y.↗
A cool supergiant with anomalous behavior of the 2800 Mg II doublet
The IUE ultraviolet spectrum for a supergiant of type G Ia, HD 135345, is obtained for the wavelength region 2000-3000 A. In the spectrum, the continuum as well as the feature of the Mg II doublet at 2800 A is found to be anomalous. The observed level of continuum increases toward short wavelengths to 2000 A, verifying that this supergiant is actually a binary system with a hot companion. The anomalies in the magnesium doublet are the complete absence of the chromospheric emission and the very small equivalent width of the doublet absorption: the equivalent width is 4 A, which is 7.5 times smaller than that for a typical G5 star. The main parameters of the binary system are obtained, namely, spectral classes, effective temperatures, ratio of radii, and visible magnitudes.
Gurzadian, G. A.↗
The Oak Ridge Refrigerant Management Program
For many years, chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) have been used by the Department of Energy's (DOE) Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant in air conditioning and process refrigeration systems. However, Title 6 of the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) and Executive Order 12843 (Procurement Requirements and Policies for Federal Agencies for Ozone Depleting Substances) signed by President Clinton require, as policy, that all federal agencies maximize their use of safe, alternate refrigerants and minimize, where economically practical, the use of Class 1 refrigerants. Unfortunately, many government facilities and industrial plants have no plan or strategy in place to make this changeover, even though their air conditioning and process refrigeration equipment may not be sustainable after CFC production ends December 31, 1995. The Y-12 Plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, has taken an aggressive approach to complying with the CAAA and is working with private industry and other government agencies to solve tough manufacturing and application problems associated with CFC and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) alternatives. Y-12 was the first DOE Defense Program (DP) facility to develop a long-range Stratospheric Ozone Protection Plan for refrigerant management for compliance with the CAAA. It was also the first DOE DP facility to complete detailed engineering studies on retrofitting and replacing all air conditioning and process refrigeration equipment to enable operation with alternate refrigerants. The management plan and engineering studies are models for use by other government agencies, manufacturing plants, and private industry. This presentation identifies some of the hidden pitfalls to be encountered in the accelerated phaseout schedule of CFC's and explains how to overcome and prevent these problems. In addition, it outlines the general issues that must be considered when addressing the phase-out of ozone depleting substances and gives some 'lessons learned' by Y-12 from its Refrigerant Management Program. Discussion topics include requirements for developing a refrigerant management plan and establishing priorities for cost-effective compliance with the CAAA, as well as ways in which employees can be empowered to develop a comprehensive refrigerant management plan. The result of this employee empowerment was a cooperative labor-management effort that is beneficial for Y-12, DOE, and the environment.
Kevil, Thomas H.↗
The origin and chemical composition of the earth's core
The process of core formation in the earth is subject to the constraints that it be nearly simultaneous with accretion and yet occur in a manner that the mantle retains radiogenic Xe-129 produced from the extinct radioactivity of I-129 with a half life of 17.6 million y. From these constraints, it appears that the only feasible mechanism is the segregation of an Fe-FeS melt. Trace element abundances in major classes of meteorites and the silicate fractions of the earth show that not only there is a high depletion of sulphur in the crust and the mantle, but that it is even more highly depleted than the rare gases, water and the halogens. From the nature of this depletion pattern and the fact that any model of accretion of the earth will necessarily produce an Fe-FeS melt, it is concluded that the light element in the core is largely sulphur with minor amounts of carbon. A consequence of this mode of core formation is found to be the availability of K-40 radioactive heat production in the liquid core, estimated at about 10 to the 19th power erg/s at the present time.
Murthy, V. R.↗
Potential flow past axisymmetric bodies at angle of attack
The Karamcheti (1966) suggestion concerning the use of higher order singularity techniques has been developed for the calculation of incompressible flow past an axisymmetric body at angle of attack. Attention is given to the results of a convergence study using this axial singularity method, where solution accuracy has been investigated for ellipsoids of slenderness ratio in the 1-10 range for both axial and inclined flow. Effects of singularity type, element number and size distribution, and singularity line inset distance, are noted, and a paneling scheme is developed which yields accurate results for the class of axisymmetric bodies having continuous body slopes with discontinuous curvature jumps.
Kuhlman, J. M.↗
Electroactive Polymers (EAP) Characterization Methods
Electroactive polymers (EAP) are emerging as a new class of actuation materials being considered in a wide range of applications.
Electroactive↗
Existence and uniqueness of solutions to a class of nonlinear-operator-differential equations arising in automated spaceship navigation
A proof is given of the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the automatic control problem with a nonlinear state equation of the form y' = f(t,y,u) and nonlinear operator controls u = U(y) acting onto the state function y which satisfies the initial condition y(t) = x(t) for t or = 0.
Bogdan, V. M.↗
Function space approach to a class of stochastic optimal control problems
Linear time dependent stochastic optimal control with nonquadratic performance indices using function space approach
Luh, J. Y. S.↗
Charge-induced atomic strain as a predictor of structural phase transformation in rare-earth intermetallics
We present a descriptor based on charge-induced atomic strain in crystalline lattices for predicting structural phase transformations in rare-earth intermetallic compounds containing lanthanides and transition metals. The charge-induced local atomic strain was obtained from structural optimization of experimentally known crystalline phases using state of the art density-functional theory methods. The predictive power of the descriptor was evaluated on 𝑅𝐸 2 In (𝑅𝐸 = rare earth) compounds, a class known for diverse phase transformations. We show that incorporating quantum-mechanical effects—such as local charge distribution, bonding, symmetry, and electronic structure—enhances the robustness of the descriptor. To gain further insight, we analyzed phononic and electronic behavior in Y 2 In and demonstrated that experimental phase transformations are captured only when atomic strain effects are included. The descriptor was further used to predict structural phase changes in (Yb 1–𝑥 Er 𝑥 ) 2 In and Gd 2 (In 1–𝑥 Al 𝑥 ), with predictions confirmed by x-ray powder diffraction. Here, while the current study is focused on lanthanide-based intermetallics, the underlying principles of the descriptor suggest potential applicability to other closely related classes of rare-earth intermetallics.
Density functional theory↗
Properties of Heavy Cosmic Nuclei Phosphorus, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, and Calcium: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
We report the unique properties of cosmic phosphorus (P), chlorine (Cl), argon (Ar), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) fluxes in the GV to TV rigidity range collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station. With a total of one million events collected over 13.5 years, we observed that the rigidity dependencies of the five fluxes are well described by the sums of a primary cosmic ray component and a secondary cosmic ray component. The abundance ratios of all five elements to Si at the source are accurately determined independent of cosmic ray propagation. The source abundance of Ar and Ca (even-𝑍 elements) is larger than P, Cl, and K (odd-𝑍 elements). The secondary components of the P and the Cl fluxes are each ∼1/3 of the F flux, and the secondary components of the Ar, K, and Ca fluxes are each ∼1/2 of the F flux. The twenty elements measured by AMS, from He to Ca and Fe, can be categorized into four classes, two primary and two secondary, based on their rigidity dependence.
cosmic ray acceleration↗
1 × 1 km maps of abundances of eight enzyme functional classes for soil C, N, and P cycling across the CONUS
This dataset includes eight 1 × 1 km maps of the abundances of eight enzyme functional classes (EFC) for soil C, N, and P cycling across the CONUS. These mappings are predicted by the machine learning model trained using metagenomics and the corresponding environmental data. This item corresponds to our article: Fan, C., Song, Y., Mishra, U., Gautam, S., & Mayes, M. A. (2025). Harnessing the Power of Machine Learning and Omics to Identify Environmental Regulation on Microbial Functional Composition for Soil C, N, and P Cycling. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 130(10).
1 × 1 km↗
Monodisperse Cu Nanoparticles Supported on a Versatile Metal–Organic Framework for Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO 2
Rare-earth metal–organic frameworks (REMOFs) based on polynuclear metal clusters are an emerging class of materials that have shown promise for CO 2 capture and conversion. Here, in this work, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were successfully installed on a cluster-based Y(III) MOF to yield a composite material, CuNP-Y-TBAP. The abundance of Cu binding sites on the Y(III) clusters allowed a remarkably high Cu loading to be achieved, and electron microscopy demonstrated that the MOF-supported CuNPs are exceptionally small and monodisperse. CuNP-Y-TBAP was found to be an active heterogeneous catalyst for electrochemical reduction of CO 2 , yielding CO and CH 4 as the primary CO 2 reduction products.
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗
Statistical communication theory
Generalization of superposition principle of statistical communication theory & investigation of class of nonlinear systems
STATISTICAL COMMUNICATION THEORY↗
Acetylene terminated matrix resins
The synthesis of resins with terminal acetylene groups has provided a promising technology to yield high performance structural materials. Because these resins cure through an addition reaction, no volatile by-products are produced during the processing. The cured products have high thermal stability and good properties retention after exposure to humidity. Resins with a wide variety of different chemical structures between the terminal acetylene groups are synthesized and their mechanical properties studied. The ability of the acetylene cured polymers to give good mechanical properties is demonstrated by the resins with quinoxaline structures. Processibility of these resins can be manipulated by varying the chain length between the acetylene groups or by blending in different amounts of reactive deluents. Processing conditions similar to the state-of-the-art epoxy can be attained by using backbone structures like ether-sulfone or bis-phenol-A. The wide range of mechanical properties and processing conditions attainable by this class of resins should allow them to be used in a wide variety of applications.
Goldfarb, I. J.↗