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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 91 records · Page 5
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DOE OSTI2024

Utah FORGE 2-2446: Closing the Loop Between In-Situ Stress Complexity and EGS Fracture Complexity - 2024 Annual Workshop Presentation

This is a presentation on Closing the Loop Between In-Situ Stress Complexity and EGS Fracture Complexity by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, presented by Matteo Cusini. The video discusses the combination of high-fidelity simulations and true-triaxial block fracturing tests to explore the intricate relationship between in-situ stress and hydraulic fracture patterns. This presentation was featured in the Utah FORGE R&D Annual Workshop on August 14, 2024.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Utah FORGE: Well 16A(78)-32 Hydraulic Fracturing Stage 8 Crosswell Strain FDI and Microseismic Presentations - April 2024

This is a pair of PowerPoint presentations from Neubrex Energy Services (US), LLC. The presentations review work done in April 2024 on crosswell strain fracture driven interactions (FDI) and microseismic event monitoring during hydraulic fracturing in stage 8 of Utah FORGE well 16A(78)-32. Well 16B(78)-32 was the monitoring well and was where the data for these presentations were collected.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

High-Fidelity Modeling of a Type-5 Wind Turbine Gearbox (Intern Technical Presentation) (Poster)

Type-5 wind turbines are unique in their use of a permanent magnet synchronous generator, as well as their use of a hydraulic torque converter. This architecture presents an opportunity to provide steady and grid-ready energy without the need for a power converter. With infrastructure continuity and reliability being an important topic amongst renewable energies, researchers have been prompted to further investigate the benefits of type-5 turbines’ unique electromechanical configuration on stable electricity generation. Researchers involved in the WindSG project, SG standing for synchronous generator, are aiming to model a type-5 turbine using Real Time Digital Simulation (RTDS) to evaluate its efficacy in the grid. RSCAD, the software run on the RTDS, comes pre-loaded with electrical and electromechanical components to help simulate electrical generation and grid conditions. However, within this repertoire there is a lack of a component to represent a gearbox with high-fidelity. Within RSCAD’s case studies, the gearbox is often represented simply by a gear ratio value. This presented the task of developing a high-fidelity gearbox model in RSCAD for use in the larger RTDS type-5 wind turbine model. This presentation describes a method of developing a lumped parameter mathematical model to represent a planetary-parallel-parallel gearbox in RSCAD for use in RTDS.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Presenting a Model to Predict Changing Snow Albedo for Improving Photovoltaic Performance Simulation

As photovoltaic (PV) deployment increases worldwide, PV systems are being installed more frequently in locations that experience snow cover. The higher albedo of snow, relative to the ground, increases the performance of PV systems in northern and high-altitude locations by reflecting more light onto the PV modules. Accurate modeling of the snow’s albedo can improve estimates of PV system production. Typical modeling of snow albedo uses a simple two-value model that sets the albedo high when snow is present, and low when snow is not present. However, snow albedo changes over time as snow settles and melts and a binary model does not account for transitional changes, which can be significant. Here, we present and validate a model for estimating snow albedo as it changes over time. The model is simple enough to only require daily snow depth and hourly average temperature data, but can be improved through the addition of site-specific factors, when available. We validate this model to quantify its ability to more accurately predict snow albedo and compare the model’s performance against satellite imagery-based methods for obtaining historical albedo data. In addition, we perform modeling using the System Advisor Model (SAM) to show the impact of changes in albedo on energy modeling for PV systems. Overall, our albedo model has a significantly improved ability to predict the solar insolation on PV modules in real time, especially on bifacial PV modules where reflected irradiance plays a larger role in energy production.

Pike, Christopher (ORCID:0000000155888033)↗
NASA NTRS1954

NACA Conference on Helicopters a Compilation of the Papers Presented at Langley Aeronautical Laboratory, Langley Field, Va., May 12 and 13, 1954

This document contains reproductions of technical papers presented at the NACA Conference on Helicopters held at the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory May 12 and 13, 1954. The primary purpose of this conference was to convey to the military services, their contractors, and others concerned with the design of helicopters the results of NACA research on helicopters and to provide those attending an opportunity to discuss the results. The papers in this document are in the same form in which they were presented at the conference in order to facilitate their prompt distribution. The original presentation and this record are considered as complementary to, rather than as substitutes for, the Committee's more complete and formal reports . A list of the conferees is included.

Drag↗
NASA NTRS1972

Effect of set size, age, and mode of stimulus presentation on information-processing speed.

First, second, and third grade pupils served as subjects in an experiment designed to show the effect of age, mode of stimulus presentation, and information value on recognition time. Stimuli were presented in picture and printed word form and in groups of 2, 4, and 8. The results of the study indicate that first graders are slower than second and third graders who are nearly equal. There is a gross shift in reaction time as a function of mode of stimulus presentation with increase in age. The first graders take much longer to identify words than pictures, while the reverse is true of the older groups. With regard to set size, a slope appears in the pictures condition in the older groups, while for first graders, a large slope occurs in the words condition and only a much smaller one for pictures.

Norton, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Origin, evolution and present thermal state of the moon.

The relative absence of lunar volcanism in the last 3,000,000,000 years and the Apollo 15 heat flow measurement suggest that present-day temperatures in the moon are approximately steady-state to depths of about 100 km. An exponential distribution of heat sources with depth may then be scaled by equating the surface heat flow to the integrated heat production of this exterior shell. Presumed present-day interior temperatures, as well as the present-day surface heat flow of about 30 erg/sq cm-sec, may be obtained with an initial temperature roughly corresponding to the Apollo 11 basalt solidus and exponential scaling of heat sources. The concentrations of U for an originally homogeneous moon are estimated to be about 0.009 micrograms per gram, close to that measured for eucrites and inferred for primitive inclusions of the Allende meteorite. The estimated homogeneous concentrations of U, the chemistry of the lunar surface material and inferences to modest depth, and the short accretion time of the moon necessary to provide large-scale differentiation at 4.6 AE suggest that the moon had its origin in the rapid accretion of compounds first condensing from the protoplanetary nebula.

Hanks, T. C.↗
NASA NTRS1948

NACA Conference on Turbojet-Engine Thrust Augmentation Research: A Compilation of the Papers Presented by NACA Staff Members

The conference on Turbojet-Engine Thrust-Augmentation Research was organized by the NACA to present in summarized form the results of the latest experimental and analytical investigations conducted at the Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory on methods of augmenting the thrust of turbojet engines. The technical discussions are reproduced herewith in the same form in which they were presented. The original presentation in this record are considered as complementary to, rather than substitutes for, the committee's system of complete and formal reports.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1974

The present development of time service in Brazil, with the application of the TV line-10 method for coordination and synchronization of atomic clocks

Various methods presently used for the dissemination of time at several levels of precision are described along with future projects in the field. Different aspects of time coordination are reviewed and a list of future laboratories participating in a National Time Scale will be presented. A Brazilian Atomic Time Scale will be obtained from as many of these laboratories as possible. The problem of intercomparison between the Brazilian National Time Scale and the International one will be presented and probable solutions will be discussed. Needs related to the TV Line-10 method will be explained and comments will be made on the legal aspects of time dissemination throughout the country.

Silva, P. M.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Evaluation of the present theoretical basis for determination of planetary surface properties by earth-based radar

Spaceflight programs such as the planned Viking landing on Mars require the determination of planetary surface slopes and surface dielectric constants by earth-based methods. Heavy reliance is often placed on radar backscattering data for estimation of these surface properties. An assessment is presented of the basic theory by which the raw radar data are interpreted, and it is shown that serious difficulties and internal inconsistencies are present in the available theoretical formulas. The discussion brings into question the reliability of the presently available results for these surface properties as obtained by earth-based radar methods.

Staton, L. D.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Present and future NASA earth resources related satellite programs

Ongoing and presently contemplated earth resources related space programs are discussed, and the evolution of present programs is presented. Nimbus, ERTS (earth resources technology satellite), Skylab, and GEOS C (geodetic earth-orbiting satellite C) are the ongoing programs described. Future projects explained comprise ERS (earth resources survey operational satellite), Nimbus G, EOS (earth observatory satellite), SEASAT (sea satellite), and shuttle sortie. The objectives and instrument payloads for each of the missions are detailed. A number of high-altitude color satellite photographs supplements the treatment.

Branchflower, G. A.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Apollo Telescope Mount: A Partial Listing of Scientific Publications and Presentations

This report is a compilation of bibliographies from the principal investigator groups of the Apollo Telescope Mount (Skylab solar observatory facility) which gathered data from May 28, 1973, to February 8, 1974. The analysis of these data is presently under way and is expected to continue for several years. The publications listed in this report are divided into thy; following categories: (1) Journal Publications, (2) Journal Publications Submitted, (3) Other Publications, (4) Presentations--National and International Meetings, and (5) Other Presentations. An author index is also included.

John M Reynolds↗
NASA NTRS1977

Apollo Telescope Mount: A Partial Listing of Scientific Publications and Presentations, Supplement 1

This report supplements NASA TM X-73300, April 15, 1976. These reports are compilations of bibliographies from the principal investigator groups of the Apollo Telescope Mount (Skylab solar observatory facility) that gathered data from May 28, 1973, to February 8, 1974. The analysis of these data is presently under way and is expected to continue for several years. The publications listed in this report are divided into the following categories: (1) Journal Publications, (2) Journal Publications Submitted, (3) Other Publications, (4) Presentations -National and International Meetings, and (5) Other Presentations. An author index is included together with errata for the first report.

John M Reynolds↗
NASA NTRS1977

Determination of the D and L isomers of some protein amino acids present in soils

The D and L isomers of some protein amino acids present in soils were measured by using a gas chromatographic technique. The results of two processing procedures were compared to determine the better method. Results of the comparison indicated that the determination of D and L percentages requires amino acid purification if one is to obtain accurate data. It was found that very significant amounts of D-alanine, D-aspartic acid, and D-glutamic acid were present in the contemporary soils studied. Valine, isoleucine, leucine, proline, and phenylalanine generally contained only a trace to very small amounts of the D isomer. It is probable that the D-amino acids from the alanine, aspartic, and glutamic acids are contributed to the soil primarily via microorganisms. The finding of very significant quantities of some D-amino acids (about 5-16%) in present-day soils may alert some investigators of geological sediments to a possible problem in using amino acid racemization as an age-dating technique.

Pollock, G. E.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Energy impact assessment of NASA's past, present, and future space launch vehicles

An approach to analyze the total energy required for overall support of space launch vehicles is outlined along with some of the basic data required for such analyses. Selected results obtained by using this approach are presented for various past (some are already phased out), present, and future NASA launch vehicles, including an estimate of the total annual energy required to support one projected NASA launch vehicle traffic model. The material presented is expected to give a better insight into the details of an energy impact analysis. Major conclusions are that: (1) for expendable launch vehicle systems, the energy required to manufacture hardware and support launch operations is most significant; (2) for totally reusable systems, the energy required to process/manufacture propellants and fluids is by far the most significant contributor; and (3) up to 1991, the projected highest annual energy requirement for the NASA launch vehicles does not constitute a significant energy impact relative to the nation's total energy needs.

Rice, E. E.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Artificial stereo presentation of meteorological data fields

The innate capability to perceive three-dimensional stereo imagery has been exploited to present multidimensional meteorological data fields. Variations on an artificial stereo technique first discussed by Pichel et al. (1973) are used to display single and multispectral images in a vivid and easily assimilated manner. Examples of visible/infrared artificial stereo are given for Hurricane Allen and for severe thunderstorms on 10 April 1979. Three-dimensional output from a mesoscale model also is presented. The images may be viewed through the glasses inserted in the February 1981 issue of the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, with the red lens over the right eye. The images have been produced on the interactive Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information Processing System (AOIPS) at Goddard Space Flight Center. Stereo presentation is an important aid in understanding meteorological phenomena for operational weather forecasting, research case studies, and model simulations.

Hasler, A. F.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Present wind activity on Mars - Relation to large latitudinally zoned sediment deposits

The relation of present Martian winds to large latitudinally zoned sediment deposits has been investigated using global wind streak data and mapping of large sand and dust deposits. Dune sand deposits occur primarily in three latitude belts: north polar (74-85 degrees North), low latitude (5 degrees North-20 degrees South), and south polar (40-80 degrees South). Comparison with wind streak data shows the high-latitude dunes to be in areas of seasonally reversing winds. The present winds can form latitudinal dune belts from a variety of initial dune distributions, including uniform distribution and a polar source. The presence of dune sand within the polar layered deposits, the erosional state of the deposits, and the present surface wind flow away from the poles indicate that both polar dune concentrations have been derived from erosion of the layered deposits. The low-latitude dunes are topographically confined in canyons and craters; they are probably subject to long-term reversal of orientations with climate cycles.

Thomas, P.↗