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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 91 records · Page 5
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1993

A Team Approach to the Development of Gamma Ray and x Ray Remote Sensing and in Situ Spectroscopy for Planetary Exploration Missions

An important part of the investigation of planetary origin and evolution is the determination of the surface composition of planets, comets, and asteroids. Measurements of discrete line X-ray and gamma ray emissions from condensed bodies in space can be used to obtain both qualitative and quantitative elemental composition information. The Planetary Instrumentation Definition and Development Program (PIDDP) X-Ray/Gamma Ray Team has been established to develop remote sensing and in situ technologies for future planetary exploration missions.

Trombka, J. I.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Thermal Environments and Margin Guidelines for NASA’s X-57 “Maxwell” Flight Demonstrator

NASA’s X-57 project includes development and flight demonstration of new electrified propulsion systems and equipment. The system components are designed to operate without active thermal management, which places increased emphasis on the ambient conditions as well as environmental stress screening for the newly designed equipment. Since the X-57 will not be operated outside of the Dryden Aeronautical Test Range at NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center, the X-57 team developed a series of reference atmospheres, described in this paper, based on the 2019 Edwards Range Reference Atmosphere to guide system development and testing. These four reference atmospheres include a standard day reference atmosphere that is identical to the 1976 U. S. Standard Atmosphere, a mean operational day atmosphere based on the mean 2019 Edwards Range Reference Atmosphere, and hot and cold day atmospheres based on the ±2σ yearly temperature variations in the Edwards Range Reference Atmosphere. As described herein, these reference atmospheres were then used to develop anticipated operational extremes for thermal cycle testing for the X-57 systems, which were developed from an amalgamation of two standards:SMC-S-016 and DO-160G. The project also adopted thermal margin guidance from SMC-S-016 to set requirements for the development of new electrified propulsion system components.

Thermal environments↗
NASA NTRS2000

Mixing, Noise and Thrust Benefits Using Corrugated Designs

These projects are directed toward the analysis of several concepts for nozzle and inlet performance improvement and noise reduction from jet exhausts. Currently. The FM&AL also initiates new joint research between the HU/FM&AL, the Hyper-X Program Team at the LaRC, and the Central Institute of Aviation Motors (CIAM), Moscow, Russia in the field of optimization of fuel injection and mixing in air-breathing propulsion systems. The main results of theoretical, numerical simulation and experimental tests obtained in the previous research are in the papers and patents. The goals of the 14U/FM&AL programs are twofold: 1) to improve the working efficiency of the HU/FM&AL team in generating new innovative ideas and in conducting research in the field of fluid dynamics and acoustics, basically for improvement of supersonic and subsonic aircraft engines, and 2) to attract promising minority students to this research and training and, in cooperation with other HU departments, to teach them basic knowledge in Aerodynamics, Gas Dynamics, and Theoretical and Experimental Methods in Aeroacoustics and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The research at the HU/FM&AL supports reduction schemes associated with the emission of en 'ne pollutants for commercial aircraft and concepts for reduction of 91 observables for military aircraft. These research endeavors relate to the goals of the NASA Strategic Enterprise in Aeronautics concerning the development of environmentally acceptable aircraft. It is in this precise area, where the US aircraft industry, academia, and Government are in great need of trained professionals and which is a high priority goal of the Minority University Research and Education (MLTREP) Program, that the HU/FM&AL can make its most important contribution.

Morgan, Morris H., III↗
NASA NTRS2014

Deployable Greenhouse for Food Production

The X-HAB team in the CU Graduate Projects course was tasked with developing a Distributed Robotic Plant Production System (DRoPPS) that provided remote food production capability for long-duration space missions. The system consists of a Remotely Operated Gardening Robot (ROGR) and a Smart Pot (SPOT). SPOT was designed to grow a plant in a hydroponic system, while also providing multiple sensor data feedback to a remote user. ROGR was designed to give a remote user a method of moving SPOT and caring for the plant. A User Interface (UI) was created to provide a means by which a remote user could interact with the system. At the conclusion of the semester, ROGR was 95% complete, and only required minor mechanical fixes. SPOT was 85% complete, and required additional machining of mechanical parts. The UI was 75% complete, and required additional functionality and user testing. The project was not fully completed due to the scope of the project. Regardless, multiple team members have agreed to continue working on the project to finish by the June 1st presentation day at NASA.

Nikolaus Correll↗
NASA NTRS2007

Noninvasive Test Detects Cardiovascular Disease

At NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-developed Video Imaging Communication and Retrieval (VICAR) software laid the groundwork for analyzing images of all kinds. A project seeking to use imaging technology for health care diagnosis began when the imaging team considered using the VICAR software to analyze X-ray images of soft tissue. With marginal success using X-rays, the team applied the same methodology to ultrasound imagery, which was already digitally formatted. The new approach proved successful for assessing amounts of plaque build-up and arterial wall thickness, direct predictors of heart disease, and the result was a noninvasive diagnostic system with the ability to accurately predict heart health. Medical Technologies International Inc. (MTI) further developed and then submitted the technology to a vigorous review process at the FDA, which cleared the software for public use. The software, patented under the name Prowin, is being used in MTI's patented ArterioVision, a carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) test that uses ultrasound image-capturing and analysis software to noninvasively identify the risk for the major cause of heart attack and strokes: atherosclerosis. ArterioVision provides a direct measurement of atherosclerosis by safely and painlessly measuring the thickness of the first two layers of the carotid artery wall using an ultrasound procedure and advanced image-analysis software. The technology is now in use in all 50 states and in many countries throughout the world.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1989

The 1989 outburst of V404 Cygni: A very unusual x ray nova

On May 22, 1989, the Japanese Ginga Team discovered a new x ray source that was cataloged as GS 2023+338. This source was subsequently identified as coincident in position with a previously known nova cataloged as V404 Cygni. Its last recorded outburst was in 1938 when it rose to about 12th mag. Spectroscopic data were obtained and confirmed the nature of the outburst. Additional ground based data were obtained by us at CTIO and the VLA. The x ray behavior of this object was reported to be very unusual and it reached a peak of about 17 crab about one week after discovery. Since then it has varied widely in magnitude at all wavelengths at which it has been studied. A brief summary of the observations that were obtained up to the time of the meeting and shortly thereafter is presented.

Wagner, R. M.↗
NASA NTRS2015

Low-Energy Microfocus X-Ray Source for Enhanced Testing Capability in the Stray Light Facility

Research toward high-resolution, soft x-ray optics (mirrors and gratings) necessary for the next generation large x-ray observatories requires x-ray testing using a low-energy x-ray source with fine angular size (<1 arcsecond). To accommodate this somewhat demanding requirement, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) has procured a custom, windowless low-energy microfocus (approximately 0.1 mm spot) x-ray source from TruFocus Corporation that mates directly to the Stray Light Facility (SLF). MSFC X-ray Astronomy team members are internationally recognized for their expertise in the development, fabrication, and testing of grazing-incidence optics for x-ray telescopes. One of the key MSFC facilities for testing novel x-ray instrumentation is the SLF. This facility is an approximately 100-m-long beam line equipped with multiple x-ray sources and detectors. This new source adds to the already robust compliment of instrumentation, allowing MSFC to support additional internal and community x-ray testing needs.

Gaskin, Jessica↗
NASA NTRS1998

Joint Institute for Advancement of Flight Sciences

The program objectives were defined in the original proposal entitled "Program of Research in Flight Dynamics in the JIAFS at NASA Langley Research Center" which was originated March 20, 1975, and in yearly renewals of the research program dated December 1, 1979 to December 1, 1998. The program included three major topics: 1) Improvement of existing methods and development of new methods for flight and wind tunnel data analysis based on system identification methodology. 2) Application of these methods to flight and wind tunnel data obtained from advanced aircraft. 3) Modeling and control of aircraft, space structures and spacecraft. The principal investigator of the program was Dr. Vladislav Klein, Professor at The George Washington University, Washington, D.C.. Thirty-seven Graduate Research Scholar Assistants, two of them doctoral students, also participated in the program. The results of the research conducted during nineteen years of the total co-operative period were published in 23 NASA technical reports, 2 D.Sc. Dissertations, 14 M.S. Theses and 33 papers. The list of these publications is included. The results were also reported in more than 30 seminar lectures presented at various research establishments world-wide. For contributions to the research supported by the co-operative agreement, three NASA Awards were received: 1) NASA LARC Group Achievement Award, May 30, 1990, to Dr. V. Klein as a member of the X-29 Drop Model Team. 2) NASA Medal for Exceptional Engineering Achievement, March 27, 1992, to Dr. V. Klein for innovative contributions in the development of advanced techniques and computer programs in the field of system identification. 3) NASA LaRC Team Excellence Award, May 7, 1994, to Dr. V. Klein as a member of the X-31 Drop Model Team.

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NASA NTRS2004

Hot Structure Control Surface Progress for X-37 Technology Development Program

The NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) has been leading the development of technologies that will enable the development, fabrication, and flight of the automated X-37 Orbital Vehicle (OV). With the Administration s recent announcement of the Vision for Space Exploration, NASA placed the X-37 OV design on hold while developing detailed requirements for a Crew Exploration Vehicle, but has continued funding the development of high-risk, critical technologies for potential future space exploration vehicle applications. Hot Structure Control Surfaces (HSCS) technology development is one of the high-priority areas being funded at this time. The goal of HSCS research is to mitigate risk by qualifying the lightest possible components that meet the stringent X-37 OV weight and performance requirements, including Shuttle-type reen- try environments with peak temperatures of 2800 OF. The small size of the X-37 OV (25.7-feet long and 14.9-foot wingspan) drives the need for advanced HSCS because the vehicle's two primary aerodynamic surfaces, the flaperons and ruddervators, have thicknesses ranging from approximately 5 in. down to 1 in. Traditional metallic or polymer-matrix composites covered with tile or blanket thermal protection system (TPS) materials cannot be used as there is insufficient volume to fabricate such multi-component structures. Therefore, carbon-carbon (C-C) and carbodsilicon-carbide (C-SiC) composite HSCS structures are being developed in parallel by two teams supporting the X-37 prime contractor (The Boeing Company). The Science Applications International Coy. (SAIC) and Carbon-Carbon Advanced Technologies, Inc. (C-CAT) team is developing the C-C HSCS, while the General Electric Energy Power Systems Composites (GE-PSC) and Materials Research and Design (MRD) team is developing the C-SiC HSCS. These two teams were selected to reduce the high level of risk associated with developing advanced control surface components. They have continued HSCS development work as part of the X-37 critical technology development contract. The SAIC/C-CAT team is using Advanced Carbon-Carbon (ACC) because its fabrication is very similar to the process used for Space Shuttle Reinforced Carbon-Carbon fabrication, including the Sic-based pack cementation conversion coating systems using with both materials. ACC was selected over RCC because it has much higher tension and compressions strengths, and because T-300 fiber is readily available, whereas RCC rayon fiber is no longer manufactured. The GE-PSC/MRD team is using a T-300 fiber-reinforced Sic matrix composite material densified by chemical vapor infiltration. The C-Sic material has an Sic-based environmental barrier coating. Major accomplishments have been made over the past year by both HSCS teams. C-C and C- SiC flaperon subcomponents, which are truncated full-scale versions of flight hardware, have been fabricated and are undergoing testing at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, NASA Langley Research Center, and U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. By the end of 2004, ruddervator subcomponents also will be delivered and tested. As NASA moves forward in realizing the Vision for Space Exploration, it will continue to invest in advanced research and development aimed at making new generations of spacecraft safer, more reliable, and more affordable. The X-37 HSCS effort ultimately will benefit the Agency's vision and mission.

Valentine, P. G.↗