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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS1999

Support for Astronaut's View of Mexican/ Central American Fires and on-Line Earth Observations Training Manual

A small project to compile remote sensing and in-site data to review the processes leading to the May 1998 Mexican/Central American fires was undertaken. A web page based on this project was assembled. The second project initiated involved an interactive and on-line program that will replace the paper version of the Earth Observations Preflight Training Manual. Technical support was provided to Prof. Marvin Glasser as needed.

Kaminski, Charles F., Jr.↗

NASA NTRS2003

Research Center for Optical Physics: Education and Technology for the 21st Century

During the past eleven years since its inception, RCOP has excelled in its two primary goals: 1) training of the scientists and engineers needed for the twenty-first century with special emphasis on underrepresented citizens and 2) research and technological development in areas of relevance to NASA. In the category of research training, as of May 2003, RCOP produced 36 Bachelors degrees, 25 Masters degrees, and 13 Doctoral degrees. Of these, all 36 Bachelors degrees, 16 of the Masters degrees and 9 of the Doctoral degrees were awarded to African Americans. Four of the Doctoral graduates and one of the Masters graduates are working at NASA Field Centers. RCOP has also provided research experiences to 130 undergraduate students and 22 high school students through a number of outreach programs held during the summer and the academic year. RCOP has also been crucial to the development of the Ph.D. program in physics at Hampton University by providing high quality research training and technical electives required for a Doctoral degree in physics. RCOP has also excelled in research and technological development. Since 1992, RCOP researchers have leveraged over 8 million dollars in additional research funding, published 152 papers in refereed journals and proceedings, and given 125 presentations at refereed international conferences in the United States and eight other countries. RCOP also developed numerous collaborations with other research centers, universities and industries. In recognition of this outstanding work, RCOP is the first research center in the United States invited to join the Joint Open Laboratory for Laser Crystals and Precise Laser Systems headed by Dr. Alexander Kaminiskii of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS2011

A Possible Approach for Addressing Neglected Human Factors Issues of Systems Engineering

The increasing complexity of safety-critical applications has led to the introduction of decision support tools in the transportation and process industries. Automation has also been introduced to support operator intervention in safety-critical applications. These innovations help reduce overall operator workload, and filter application data to maximize the finite cognitive and perceptual resources of system operators. However, these benefits do not come without a cost. Increased computational support for the end-users of safety-critical applications leads to increased reliance on engineers to monitor and maintain automated systems and decision support tools. This paper argues that by focussing on the end-users of complex applications, previous research has tended to neglect the demands that are being placed on systems engineers. The argument is illustrated through discussing three recent accidents. The paper concludes by presenting a possible strategy for building and using highly automated systems based on increased attention by management and regulators, improvements in competency and training for technical staff, sustained support for engineering team resource management, and the development of incident reporting systems for infrastructure failures. This paper represents preliminary work, about which we seek comments and suggestions.

Johnson, Christopher W.↗

NASA NTRS2022

Robotics Verification and Validation Strategies for Perseverance Rover Sampling and Caching

The Mars 2020 Sampling and Caching Subsystem(SCS) is the most complex robotic system ever fielded on a MarsRover. It includes a 5 degree-of-freedom Robotic Arm, coringdrill, gas Dust Removal Tool, interfaces for two turret-mountedinstruments, and an Adaptive Caching Assembly (ACA). TheACA is itself a complex robotic system, containing hardware tosupport docking and bit exchange, a 3 degree-of-freedomSample Handling Assembly for manipulating sample tubes,storage for several drill bits and sample tubes, and mechanismsto support observing and sealing samples collected by the drill.To successfully verify and validate the SCS hardware andsoftware and its integration with the Mars 2020 flight systemseveral key strategies were employed.The SCS Verification and Validation (V&V) program utilizedmultiple test venues with tiered levels of fidelity. These includedsimulation and visualization software environments, low fidelitydevelopment testbeds, testbeds with high fidelity SCS hardwareand commercial off-the shelf avionics, integrated systemtestbeds with flight-like avionics, and environmental testbedscapable of simulating Martian surface temperature andpressure. Multiple units of each SCS hardware componentmoved fluidly between test venues to accomplish myriadstandalone and coordinated test objectives. Test preparationand executions were performed by a diverse team of engineerswith training and technical ownership tailored for individualexperience and role. Despite significant differences between testvenues, the SCS V&V team established efficient and consistentprocesses and tools for procedure development, test execution,and data review that enabled personnel, as well as technicalproducts such as sequences and parameter configurations, toflow between venues effectively. A series of benchmark testsprovided evidence of performance consistency as elements weretransferred between venues and as system capability evolved.This paper provides an overview of the SCS V&V program andexplores several overarching strategies that enabled successfuloperation in the face of unprecedented complexity. Keyoutcomes of the SCS validation effort are summarized, alongwith lessons learned and beneficial integrations of validationtool and process innovations into Mars surface operations.

Brooks, Sawyer↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Managing Maintenance Error: Six Lessons From Aviation Maintenance

There are clear parallels between the ground processing of spacecraft and the maintenance of airline aircraft. In both cases, reliable human performance is critical to safe outcomes. Examples of human factors in airline maintenance and spacecraft ground processing illustrate the similarities between these two domains. The worldwide aviation industry began to pay close attention to human factors in maintenance after several maintenance-related disasters in the 1970s and 80s. Rather than simply applying solutions that had been developed for flight crew and air traffic controllers, the aviation industry developed human factors interventions specifically tailored for maintenance personnel. These interventions have led to safety improvements, greater reliability, and significant cost savings. Six human factors approaches from airline maintenance that can be usefully applied to enhance the quality and safety of ground processing are outlined. These are 1) Design for assembly, test, and maintenance, 2) Non technical skills training, 3) Improved design of documentation, 4) Reduction of iatrogenic quality lapses, 5) Barrier and control analysis, and 6) Continuous improvement based on learning from quality lapses.

maintenance human factors↗

DOE OSTI2014

ISO 50001 for Commercial Buildings: Lessons Learned From U.S. DOE Pilot Project: Preprint

In the U.S., the ISO 50001 Standard, which establishes energy management systems (EnMSs) and processes, has shown uptake primarily in the industrial sector. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) undertook a pilot program to explore ISO 50001 implementation in commercial buildings. Eight organizations participated as pilots, with technical assistance provided by DOE, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), and the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). This paper shares important lessons learned from the pilot. Staff time was the most critical resource required to establish effective EnMSs in commercial buildings. The pilot also revealed that technical support and template/example materials were essential inputs. Crucial activities included evaluating performance, identifying goals, making connections, communicating operational controls, and tracking/reviewing progress. Benefits realized included enhanced intra-organizational connections, greater energy awareness, increased process efficiencies, and improved ability to make business cases. Incremental benefits for ISO 50001 certification were greater accountability, assurance of best practices, public relations opportunities, and potential to unlock verified savings credits or incentive money. Incremental certification costs included more staff/consultant time, money for certification, and a tendency to limit EnMS scope in order to ensure favorable audit results. Five best practices were identified - utilizing expert technical assistance, training, and other resources; focusing on implementation over documentation; keeping top management involved; considering organizational structure when selecting EnMS scope; and matching the implementation level to an EnMS's scope and scale. The last two practices are particularly relevant to the commercial buildings sector.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2014

The Official Website of the U.S. Department of Energy's Nuclear Criticality Safety Program

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Nuclear Criticality Safety Program (NCSP) mission is to provide sustainable expert leadership, direction, and the technical infrastructure necessary to develop, maintain, and disseminate the essential technical tools, training, and data to support safe, efficient fissionable material operations within the DOE. The NCSP Website site makes a variety of information available to the criticality safety practitioner, including reference materials, training modules and links to related sites. It assists criticality safety personnel to keep abreast of NCSP activities or current developments in criticality safety via a "What’s New" section within the Website. Convenient access to the many useful features of the Website is available via drop-down menus. The Website is also available to non-DOE and international professionals tasked with ensuring safe operations involving fissionable nuclear materials.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2022

National Community Solar Partnership Credit Ready Solar Initiative

This fact sheet discusses the Credit Ready Solar Initiative, which will leverage working groups, technical assistance, training, and strategic partnerships to build a pipeline of credit-ready community solar projects and broad access to a community solar marketplace that connects owners, developers, lenders, and philanthropy to support more equitable deployment of community solar.

solar, solar energy, community solar, national com↗

DOE OSTI2018

Challenging Engineering Demographics and the READY Program - 18528

The mission of the Liquid Waste Organization at the Savannah River Site involves the safe storage of nuclear waste, closure of waste tanks, and immobilization of the waste into grout (low-level waste) or glass (high-level waste). With much of the mission left to complete and a significant percentage of the engineering organization eligible for retirement within the next 5 years, focus has been on recruiting and retaining new hires and early career engineers. Over the past two years, enhancements have been made to current programs and new programs have been created with the goal of improving the retention rate for engineering. These programs include the Reaching Engineers at the Development Years, the Early Career Professional Technology Exchange, the Shift Technical Engineer Pipeline, and Technical Staff Training. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2015

The official website of the U.S. Department of energy's nuclear criticality safety program - 14122

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Nuclear Criticality Safety Program (NCSP) mission is to provide sustainable expert leadership, direction, and the technical infrastructure necessary to develop, maintain, and disseminate the essential technical tools, training, and data to support safe, efficient fissionable material operations within the DOE. The NCSP Website site makes a variety of information available to the criticality safety practitioner, including reference materials, training modules and links to related sites. It assists criticality safety personnel to keep abreast of NCSP activities or current developments in criticality safety via a 'What's New' section within the Website. Convenient access to the many useful features of the Website is available via drop-down menus. The Website is also available to non-DOE and international professionals tasked with ensuring safe operations involving fissionable nuclear materials. (authors)

42 ENGINEERING↗

DOE OSTI2024

Federal Energy Management Program

The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) helps federal agencies manage their building and fleet energy use by providing training, tools, technical assistance, and funding.

DOE↗

NASA NTRS1993

Unstructured 3D Delaunay mesh generation applied to planes, trains and automobiles

Technical issues associated with domain-tessellation production, including initial boundary node triangulation and volume mesh refinement, are presented for the 'TGrid' 3D Delaunay unstructured grid generation program. The approach employed is noted to be capable of preserving predefined triangular surface facets in the final tessellation. The capabilities of the approach are demonstrated by generating grids about an entire fighter aircraft configuration, a train, and a wind tunnel model of an automobile.

Blake, Kenneth R.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Advanced Gas Turbine (AGT) power-train system development

Technical work on the design and component testing of a 74.5 kW (100 hp) advanced automotive gas turbine is described. Selected component ceramic component design, and procurement were tested. Compressor tests of a modified rotor showed high speed performance improvement over previous rotor designs; efficiency improved by 2.5%, corrected flow by 4.6%, and pressure ratio by 11.6% at 100% speed. The aerodynamic design is completed for both the gasifier and power turbines. Ceramic (silicon carbide) gasifier rotors were spin tested to failure. Improving strengths is indicated by burst speeds and the group of five rotors failed at speeds between 104% and 116% of engine rated speed. The emission results from combustor testing showed NOx levels to be nearly one order of magnitude lower than with previous designs. A one piece ceramic exhaust duct/regenerator seal platform is designed with acceptable low stress levels.

Helms, H. E.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Advanced Gas Turbine (AGT): Power-train system development

Technical work on the design and effort leading to the testing of a 74.5 kW (100 hp) automotive gas turbine is described. The general effort was concentrated on building an engine for test starting in July. The buildup progressed with only routine problems and the engine was delivered to the test stand 9 July. In addition to the engine build effort, work continued in selected component areas. Ceramic turbine parts were built and tested. Burst tests of ceramic rotors show strengths are approaching that achieved in test bars; proof testing is required for acceptable strength ceramic vanes. Over 25 hours was accumulated on the combustor rig in three test modes: pilot nozzle only, start nozzle, and main nozzle operation. Satisfactory ignition was achieved for a wide range of starting speeds and the lean blowout limit was as low as 0.06 kg/b (0.14 lb/hr). Lean blowout was more a function of nozzle atomization than fuel/air ratio. A variety of cycle points were tested. Transition from start nozzle flow to main nozzle flow was done manually without difficulty. Regenerator parts were qualification tested without incident and the parts were assembled on schedule. Rig based performance matched first build requirements. Repeated failures in the harmonic drive gearbox during rig testing resulted in that concept being abandoned for an alternate scheme.

Helms, H. E.↗

DOE OSTI2018

Integration of Solar Training into Allied Professional Development Platforms - Final Technical Report

The Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC) designed the “Integration of Solar Training into Allied Professional Development Platforms” project to surmount barriers to the expansion of solar technology caused by gaps in knowledge impacting on-the-job performance of allied professionals. At project start, questionnaires deployed nationally indicated that only 9% of firefighters felt certain they could shut down a PV system to the extent possible, and only a third of code officials thought they could even discern the difference between a PV and solar thermal system. Therefore, the project objective was to measurably and significantly increase the number of code officials and fire service professionals with solar knowledge directly applicable to their job function. IREC identified specific gaps in current knowledge, and integrated research-proven adult learning principles and technology solutions to enable a cost-effect but impactful reach. The project design ensured that solar training is a continuing component of the targeted sector professional development toolkit. To this end, the key partners recruited and cultivated were existing, trusted training partners in the targeted sectors: International Code Council Solar Rating and Certification Corporation (ICC-SRCC), International Association of Electrical Inspectors (IAEI), International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) and National Association of State Fire Marshals (NASFM). During the project, IREC held 79 courses in 25 states that trained 4,156 people, offered a PV in the 2017 National Electric Code webinar attended by 787 people, developed on-line training for code officials with 2,298 on-line learners, and developed an on-line training for firefighters with 4,930 on-line learners. In addition, the project participated in 28 conferences and reached over 537,000 professionals with solar information.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2019

State Solar Energy Training and Network

Final Technical Report on NCSL and NASEO education efforts to educate and train state legislators and energy officials regarding solar energy policy and technology.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2019

Solar Training Network (Final Report)

The Final Technical Report for the Solar Training Network program, led by The Solar Foundation, explores high-level research questions, and describes key activities and outcomes toward the goal of improved solar industry workforce development, particularly in terms of the unmet demand for qualified installers.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2017

Development of a utility computer-based training program on setpoint methodology for nuclear power plants - 129

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the development of the Computer- Based Training (CBT) Program for utility engineers on Setpoint Methodology for nuclear power plants. This computer based training module was prepared by the Advanced Engineering Training initiative. The Advanced Engineering Training initiative is a nuclear industry effort to develop technical computer-based training modules for targeted areas of engineering expertise. The target audience is engineers at commercial nuclear power facilities in the U. S. These modules are being developed using the systematic approach to training and are being designed to maintain industry engineering expertise and to facilitate engineering knowledge transfer. The objective of this training effort is to support the development of the next generation of site technical experts for specific topic areas. The training is one part of three key components that would facilitate knowledge transfer to the future site Subject Matter Expert (SME). The following are the major focus areas covered in the Setpoint Methodology CBT: Chapter 1 provides an overview of the role instrument setpoints perform in the defense-in-depth safety analysis for the plant as well introducing key definitions related to setpoints. Chapter 2 provides the history and current regulatory requirements related to setpoint control including the laws and guidance provided by the U.S. NRC. Chapter 3 provides describes the setpoint methodology including terms, formulae, methods of combination, graded approach and methods for drift analysis. This is a major part of the training module in covering the incremental uncertainty terms that need to be considered and how they are combined. Chapter 4 provides and overview of the role of setpoints in Technical Specifications and associated documents. Chapter 5 describes how the regulatory process, related to setpoint control, has been implemented in NRC inspections and how the major elements of the 10 CFR 50.59 reviews apply to the performance of a new or revised setpoint calculation. (authors)

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗