Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “Tension test”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1993

Time dependent behavior of a graphite/thermoplastic composite and the effects of stress and physical aging

Two complimentary studies were performed to determine the effects of stress and physical aging on the matrix dominated time dependent properties of IM7/8320 composite. The first of these studies, experimental in nature, used isothermal tensile creep/aging test techniques developed for polymers and adapted them for testing of the composite material. From these tests, the time dependent transverse (S22) and shear (S66) compliance's for an orthotropic plate were found from short term creep compliance measurements at constant, sub-T(sub g) temperatures. These compliance terms were shown to be affected by physical aging. Aging time shift factors and shift rates were found to be a function of temperature and applied stress. The second part of the study relied upon isothermal uniaxial tension tests of IM7/8320 to determine the effects of physical aging on the nonlinear material behavior at elevated temperature. An elastic/viscoplastic constitutive model was used to quantify the effects of aging on the rate-independent plastic and rate-dependent viscoplastic response. Sensitivity of the material constants required by the model to aging time were determined for aging times up to 65 hours. Verification of the analytical model indicated that the effects of prior aging on the nonlinear stress/strain/time data of matrix dominated laminates can be predicted.

Gates, Thomas S.↗
NASA NTRS2000

Lack of Penetration in Friction Stir Welds: Effects on Mechanical Properties and NDE Feasibility

This presentation reviews the issue of lack of penetration (LOP) in Friction Stir Welding and the feasibility of using non-destructive tests to detect . Friction Stir Welding takes place in the solid phase below the melting point of the materials to be joined. It thus gives the ability to join materials which are difficult to fusion weld, for example 2000 and 7000 aluminium alloys. This process though can result in a lack of penetration, due to an incomplete penetration of the DXZ. This is frequently referred to as a "kissing bond", which requires micro examination to detect. The presentation then discusses the surface crack tension tests. It then reviews the simulated service test and results. It then discusses the feasibility of using non-destructive examination to detect LOP, the forms of test which can be used, and the results the tests.

Kinchen, David G.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Perload indicating turnbuckle

Low cost, easily manufactured turnbuckle was developed for applying a predetermined load on strap assemblies. Unit consists of sleeve and nut assembled on turnbuckle that is pulled to predetermined load in tension test machine.

Appleberry, W. T.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Study of structural behavior of thin films

The work directed towards developing methods of increasing the strength of thin boron films is reported. The program was divided into two main parts. The first involved the improvement of methods for the measurement of the strength of thin films. The second was a study of the effect of condensation of deposition temperature on the strength of the films. Techniques were developed for depositing boron films onto both sides of thin titanium and tantalum foils. Small dogbone sections of boron were made by masking. Strain gauges were then mounted on these to measure failure strains when the films were loaded in tension. Test results were consistent with those obtained by flexure tests. The most important flaws in the boron films appeared to have been generated by either small globules of boron ejected from the melt or small particles (possibly boron dust) on the substrate prior to deposition.

Feakes, F.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Detection of fiber cracking by acoustic emission.

A theoretical model is presented that relates acoustic emission to fiber cracking which occurs during a rising load tension test on a fiber reinforced composite. The percentage of broken fibers in an Al3Ni fiber reinforced aluminum was measured as a function of tensile strain by optical inspection of the polished surface of strained specimens. This information was used in conjunction with the proposed model to predict the acoustic emission response of the composite material. These predictions were compared with experimental observations, and a good agreement was obtained between the two sets of results. These results indicate that it is possible to relate acoustic emission quantitatively to the micromechanics of the deformation processes occurring within fiber reinforced composites, thereby demonstrating the applicability of acoustic emission to materials studies and also to nondestructive evaluation of the integrity of composite materials.

Harris, D. O.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The effect of microstructure and strength on the fracture toughness of an 18 ni, 300 grade maraging steel

Methods for increasing the strength of maraging steels are discussed. An investigation was conducted to systematically vary the strength of 18 weight percent nickel, 300 grade maraging steel, to isolate any attending microstructural changes, and to study the effects of these changes on the fracture toughness of the alloy. A study aimed at determining the aging behavior of the program alloy was carried out to provide data by which to estimate yield strength. The effects of various alloying materials on the strength of the maraging steel are examined. The mechanical properties of the 300 grade maraging steel were determined by tension tests, fatigue precracked Charpy impact tests, and plane strain fracture toughness tests.

Psioda, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Experimental characterization of composites

The experimental characterization for composite materials is generally more complicated than for ordinary homogeneous, isotropic materials because composites behave in a much more complex fashion, due to macroscopic anisotropic effects and lamination effects. Problems concerning the static uniaxial tension test for composite materials are considered along with approaches for conducting static uniaxial compression tests and static uniaxial bending tests. Studies of static shear properties are discussed, taking into account in-plane shear, twisting shear, and thickness shear. Attention is given to static multiaxial loading, systematized experimental programs for the complete characterization of static properties, and dynamic properties.

Bert, C. W.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Cyclic stress-strain curve determination for D6AC steel by three methods

The room temperature cyclic stress-strain was determined for D6AC low alloy steel by three different methods. The method that involves the use of a single specimen monotonic tension test after cyclic straining provided the best agreement with the accepted basic method which requires a number of companion specimen tests. The single specimen test is also the simplest to conduct.

Nachtigall, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Effect of cyclic loading and temper condition on the tensile behavior of boron-aluminum

Experimental results from monotonic and cyclic tension tests on six different 6061 boron-aluminum laminates show that the strength of fiber dominated laminates is decreased and the strength of matrix dominated laminates is increased by T6 heat treatment. Cyrogenic exposure and cyclic loading are shown to have little influence on strength. Cyclic loading is also shown to produce small reductions in modulus for some laminates and some temper conditions. The results are discussed in light of expected metallurgical and residual stress changes due to temperature excursions and loading cycles.

Herakovich, C. T.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Influence of quality control variables on failure of graphite/epoxy under extreme moisture conditions

Tension tests on graphite/epoxy composites were performed to determine the influence of various quality control variables on failure strength as a function of moisture and moderate temperatures. The extremely high and low moisture contents investigated were found to have less effect upon properties than did temperature or the quality control variables of specimen flaws and prepreg batch to batch variations. In particular, specimen flaws were found to drastically reduce the predicted strength of the composite, whereas specimens from different batches of prepreg displayed differences in strength as a function of temperature and extreme moisture exposure. The findings illustrate the need for careful specimen preparation, studies of flaw sensitivity, and careful quality control in any study of composite materials.

Clements, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Measuring Elastic Modulus of Sintered Metal

Technique minimizes effect of substrate on thin sintered coating. Uniaxial tension test yields approximate value for elastic modulus of sintered material on thin substrate. Electrode composed of central perforated nickel plated steel sheet about 4 mils (0.1mm) thick, coated on each face by porous sintered nickel about 8 mils (0.2mm) thick.

Fedors, R. F.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Influence of quality control variables on failure of graphite/epoxy under extreme moisture conditions

Tension tests on graphite/epoxy composites were performed to determine the influence of various quality control variables on failure strength as a function of moisture and moderate temperatures. The extremely high and low moisture contents investigated were found to have less effect upon properties than did temperature or the quality control variables of specimen flaws and prepreg batch to batch variations. In particular, specimen flaws were found to drastically reduce the predicted strength of the composite, whereas specimens from different batches of prepreg displayed differences in strength as a function of temperature and extreme moisture exposure. The findings illustrate the need for careful specimen preparation, studies of flaw sensitvity, and careful quality control in any study of composite materials. Previously announced in STAR as N80-33493

Clements, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1986

The effects of space radiation on a chemically modified graphite-epoxy composite material

The effects of the space environment on the engineering properties and chemistry of a chemically modified T300/934 graphite-epoxy composite system are characterized. The material was subjected to 1.0 x 10 to the 10th power rads of 1.0 MeV electron irradiation under vacuum to simulate 30 years in geosynchronous earth orbit. Monotonic tension tests were performed at room temperature (75 F/24 C) and elevated temperature (250 F/121 C) on 4-ply unidirectional laminates. From these tests, inplane engineering and strength properties (E sub 1, E sub 2, Nu sub 12, G sub 12, X sub T, Y sub T) were determined. Cyclic tests were also performed to characterize energy dissipation changes due to irradiation and elevated temperature. Large diameter graphite fibers were tested to determine the effects of radiation on their stiffness and strength. No significant changes were observed. Dynamic-mechanical analysis demonstrated that the glass transition temperature was reduced by 50 F(28 C) after irradiation. Thermomechanical analysis showed the occurrence of volatile products generated upon heating of the irradiated material. The chemical modification of the epoxy did not aid in producing a material which was more radiation resistant than the standard T300/934 graphite-epoxy system. Irradiation was found to cause crosslinking and chain scission in the polymer. The latter produced low molecular weight products which plasticize the material at elevated temperatures and cause apparent material stiffening at low stresses at room temperature.

Reed, S. M.↗
NASA NTRS1988

High-temperature properties of ceramic fibers and insulations for thermal protection of atmospheric entry and hypersonic cruise vehicles

Multilayer insulations (MIs) which will operate in the 500 to 1000 C temperature range are being considered for possible applications on aerospace vehicles subject to convective and radiative heating during atmospheric entry. The insulations described consist of ceramic fibers, insulations, and metal foils quilted together with ceramic thread. As these types of insulations have highly anisotropic properties, the total heat transfer characteristics must be determined. Data are presented on the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of four types of MIs and are compared to the baseline Advanced Flexible Reusable Surface Insulation currently used on the Space Shuttle Orbiter. In addition, the high temperature properties of the fibers used in these MIs are discussed. The fibers investigated included silica and three types of aluminoborosilicate (ABS). Static tension tests were performed at temperatures up to 1200 C and the ultimate strain, tensile strength, and tensile modulus of single fibers were determined.

Kourtides, Demetrius A.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Characterization of elastic-plastic properties of AS4/APC-2 thermoplastic composite

Elastic and inelastic properties of AS4/APC-2 composites were characterized with respect to temperature variation by using a one-parameter orthotropic plasticity model and a one parameter failure criterion. Simple uniaxial off-axis tension tests were performed on coupon specimens of unidirectional AS4/APC-2 thermoplastic composite at various temperatures. To avoid the complication caused by the extension-shear coupling effect in off-axis testing, new tabs were designed and used on the test specimens. The experimental results showed that the nonlinear behavior of constitutive relations and the failure strengths can be characterized quite well using the one parameter plasticity model and the failure criterion, respectively.

Sun, C. T.↗