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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 91 records · Page 5

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Joint Performance in Aluminum-Steel Lap Welds Formed by Friction Stir Dovetailing

Friction stir dovetailing (FSD) is a new dissimilar material joining process that simultaneously forms a mechanical interlock and metallurgical bond at the dissimilar material interface. This work presents development of a modeling and simulation approach to predict mechanical performance of FSD thick section aluminum to steel joints. A finite element analysis (FEA) was carried out in order to predict the load-carrying capacity and failure location for aluminum thicknesses between 12.7 mm and 50.8 mm with different numbers of dovetails. The numerical results and corresponding experimental investigation are in agreement and suggest that the developed methods can be used effectively for design and analysis of FSD joints using standard FEA tools.

Friction stir dovetailing, Friction stir welding, ↗

Most theoretical approaches used in nuclear astrophysics to model the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements incorporate the so-called statistical model in order to describe the excitation and decay properties of atomic nuclei. One of the basic assumptions of this model is the validity of the Brink–Axel hypothesis and the related concept of so-called photon strength functions to describe γ-ray transition probabilities. We present a novel experimental approach that allows for the first time to experimentally determine the photon strength function simultaneously in two independent ways by a unique combination of quasi-monochromatic photon beams and a newly implemented γ–γ coincidence setup. This technique does not assume a priori the validity of the Brink–Axel hypothesis and sets a benchmark in terms of the detection sensitivity for measuring decay properties of photo-excited states below the neutron separation energy. The data for the spherical off-shell nucleus 128 Te were obtained for γ-ray beam-energy settings between 3 MeV and 9 MeV in steps of 130 keV for the lower beam energies and in steps of up to 280 keV for the highest beam settings. We present a quantitative analysis on the consistency of the derived photon strength function with the Brink–Axel hypothesis. The data clearly demonstrate a discrepancy of up to a factor of two between the photon strength functions extracted from the photoabsorption and photon emission process, respectively. In addition, we observe that the photon strength functions are not independent of the excitation energy, as usually assumed. Thus, we conclude, that the Brink–Axel hypothesis is not strictly fulfilled in the excitation-energy region below the neutron separation threshold (S n = 8.78 MeV) for the studied case of 128 Te.

Not Available

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

Advanced Photovoltaic Inverter Control Development and Validation in a Controller-Hardware-in-the-Loop Test Bed

Penetration of solar photovoltaic (PV) installations into the grid has increased in recent years. In the past, photovoltaic installations have not included grid-support functionality. Grid support functions including Volt-VAR (VVAR), Frequency-Watt (FW), Volt-Watt (VW), frequency/voltage-ride through, as well as other inverter functions such as anti-islanding are recommended by standards such as IEEE 1547 to allow PV inverters to contribute to acceptable operation and stability of distribution systems with high penetrations of PV and to ensure predictable response of the PV inverters. First, low-level and high-level grid support inverter control functions were developed and tested in simulation. The developed controller is able to integrate advanced controller functions in a coordinated approach, avoiding any conflict between the different control objectives. The algorithms were then programmed on an off-the-shelf embedded controller that included a dual-core CPU and FPGA. The details of the high-level grid support function and the lower level switching control will be presented. Second, this programmed controller is tested using a controller-hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) test bed setup using an FPGA-based real-time simulator. The CHIL setup has the capability to run at a 500 nano-second time-step to accommodate the 20 kHz switching frequency of the developed controller. The advanced control function and CHIL test bed details provided here will aide future researchers to design, implement, and test advanced inverter functions for PV inverters.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗