Some penetration and charge-detection techniques
Meteoritic dust penetration and charge detection techniques used on Skylark rocket and Ariel II satellite
SKYLARK ROCKET↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Experimental detection of thermal radiation from interplanetary dust.
Thermal radiation emission detection from interplanetary dust, showing that zodiacal dust extends to within 4 solar radii of sun and confirming Poynting-Robertson effect
ZODIACAL DUST CLOUD↗
SOFIA/HAWC+ Far-Infrared Polarimetric Large Area CMZ Exploration Survey II: Detection of a Magnetized Dust Ring in the Galactic Center
We present the detection of a magnetized dust ring (M0.8–0.2)in the central molecular zone (CMZ) of the Galactic center. The results presented in this paper utilize the first data release of the Far-Infrared Polarimetric Large Area CMZE mission (FIREPLACE) survey (i.e., Paper I of this series). The FIREPLACE survey is a 214μm polarimetric survey of the Galactic center using the SOFIA/HAWC+ telescope. The M0.8–0.2 ring is a region of gas and dust that has a circular morphology with a central depression. The dust polarization in the M0.8–0.2 ring implies a curved magnetic field that traces the ring-like structure of the cloud. We posit an interpretation in which an expanding shell compresses and concentrates the ambient gas and magnetic field. We argue that this compression results in strengthening of the magnetic field, as we infer from the observations toward the interior of the ring.
Dust continuum emmision↗
Titan Ice and Dust Experiment (TIDE): Detection and Analysis of Compounds of Interest to Astrobiology in the Lower Atmosphere and Surface of Titan
The Titan Orbiter Aerorover Mission (TOAM) is a proposed concept for the Solar System Exploration Visions Mission, Titan Explorer, a follow-on to the Cassini-Huygens mission. TOAM would use a Titan polar orbiter and a lighter-than-air aerorover to investigate the surface and atmosphere of Titan. Astrobiology issues will be addressed though TOAM investigations including, for example: Distribution and composition of organics (atmospheric, aerosol, surface); Organic chemical processes, their chemical context and energy sources; and Seasonal variations and interactions of the atmosphere and surface. The TIDE instrument will perform in-situ analyses to obtain comprehensive and sensitive molecular and elemental assays of volatile organics in the atmosphere, oceans and surface. TIDE chemical analyses are conducted by a Gas Chromatograph-Ion Mobility Spectrometer (GC-IMS). This TIDE GC-IMS was a component of the mini-Cometary Ice and Dust Experiment (mini-CIDEX) developed for the chemical analysis of a cometary environment. Both the GC and helium IMS of mini-CIDEX have been further developed to better meet the analytical and operational requirements of the TOAM. application. A Micro-ElectroMechanical System (MEMS) GC and Mini-Cell helium IMS are under development to replace their respective mini-CIDEX components, providing similar or advanced analytical capabilities.
Kojiro, Daniel R.↗
Automated Detection of Dust-Devil Induced Pressure Signals (Poster).
Abstract not provided.
Urtecho, Louis↗
Microchannel Plate Efficiency to Detect Low Velocity Dust Impacts
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
John Fontanese↗
Evidence for X-ray scattering by interstellar dust
X ray images of distant point sources obtained with the Einstein Observatory have been examined for the presence of halos produced by X-ray scattering from interstellar dust. Evidence for detection of dust halos has been obtained by comparing the apparent surface brightness in images of four low-latitude galactic center sources with the surface brightness predicted from the telescope point response function and the simultaneously measured source spectra. This evidence is considerably strengthened by the same comparison using images of two sources at higher galactic latitude, where the column density of dust is expected to be far lower. Simple assumptions indicate the observed scattering halos are consistent with production by the population of dust grains inferred from optical extinction measurements.
Catura, R. C.↗
Dust density and mass distribution near comet Halley from Giotto observations
The density and the mass spectrum of the dust near comet Halley have been measured by the Giotto space probe's dust impact detection system. The dust spectrum obtained at 291,000 km from the comet nucleus show depletion in small and intermediate masses; at about 600 km from the nucleus, however, the dust activity rises and the spectrum is dominated by larger masses. Most of the mass striking Giotto is noted to reside in the few large particles penetrating the dust shield. Momentum balances and energy considerations applied to an observed deceleration suggest that a large mass of the spacecraft was detached by an impact.
Mcdonnell, J. A. M.↗
Detection of asteroidal dust particles from known families in near-Earth orbits
The orbital evolution of dust particles with two different sizes (diameters equal to 4 and 9 microns) originating from the Eos, Koronis, and Themis asteroidal families was studied. All the planetary perturbations, radiation pressure, Poynting-Robertson light drag, and corpuscular solar wind effects are included in the calculation. It is concluded that for particles having diameters ranging from 4 to 9 microns, Eos particles are quite different in orbital elements from Themis and Koronis particles. For Koronis and Themis particles, the best times to collect them are around April and October.
Dermott, Stanley F.↗
Observations of Periodic Comet 2P/Encke: Physical Properties of the Nucleus and First Visual-Wavelength Detection of Its Dust Trail
We are conducting an observational program designed to determine the overall distributions of size, shape, rotation period, and surface characteristics of cometary nuclei. Here, we present results from a study of the Jupiter- family comet 2P/Encke based on observations from Steward Observatory's 2.3m Bok Telescope at Kitt Peak. This comet has been observed extensively in the past and was one of the primary flyby targets of the recently failed CONTOUR mission.
Lowry, Stephen C.↗
Interplanetary and Interstellar Dust Observed by the Wind/WAVES Electric Field Instrument
Observations of hypervelocity dust particles impacting the Wind spacecraft are reported here for the first time using data from the WindWAVES electric field instrument. A unique combination of rotating spacecraft, amplitude-triggered high-cadence waveform collection, and electric field antenna configuration allow the first direct determination of dust impact direction by any spacecraft using electric field data. Dust flux and impact direction data indicate that the observed dust is approximately micron-sized with both interplanetary and interstellar populations. Nanometer radius dust is not detected by Wind during times when nanometer dust is observed on the STEREO spacecraft and both spacecraft are in close proximity. Determined impact directions suggest that interplanetary dust detected by electric field instruments at 1 AU is dominated by particles on bound trajectories crossing Earths orbit, rather than dust with hyperbolic orbits.
Wind spacecraft↗
Will dust black out SN 1987A?
This paper examines the prospects for the formation, survival, and detection of dust in the ejecta of SN 1987A. The formation of dust will have immediate implications on the spectral analysis of the ejecta, as the dust may obscure the visual and UV output of any pulsar that may have formed in the explosion. A roughly 20 solar mass progenitor star can produce about 1 solar mass of supernova condensates. Supernovae will then constitute a major source of dust, equaling the combined output of all other sources. The detection of this dust in SN 1987A will be a significant addition to the incomplete picture we now have of the presence of isotopic anomalies in the solar system, and of the origin and evolution of dust in the interstellar medium.
Dwek, Eli↗
The dust distribution within the inner coma of comet P/Halley 1982i - Encounter by Giotto's impact detectors
Analyses are presented of Giotto's Dust Impact Detection System experiment measurements of dust grains incident on the Giotto dust shield along its trajectory through the coma of comet P/Halley on March 13 and 14, 1986. Ground-based CCD imagery of the inner coma dust continuum at the time of the encounter are used to derive the area of grains intercepted by Giotto. Data obtained at large masses show clear evidence of a decrease in the mass distribution index at these masses within the coma; it is shown that such a value of the mass index can furnish sufficient mass for consistency with an observed deceleration.
Mcdonnell, J. A. M.↗
A striking relationship between dust extinction and radio detection in DESI QSOs: evidence for a dusty blow-out phase in red QSOs
ABSTRACT We present the first eight months of data from our secondary target programme within the ongoing Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey. Our programme uses a mid-infrared and optical colour selection to preferentially target dust-reddened quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) that would have otherwise been missed by the nominal DESI QSO selection. So far, we have obtained optical spectra for 3038 candidates, of which ∼70 per cent of the high-quality objects (those with robust redshifts) are visually confirmed to be Type 1 QSOs, consistent with the expected fraction from the main DESI QSO survey. By fitting a dust-reddened blue QSO composite to the QSO spectra, we find they are well-fitted by a normal QSO with up to AV ∼ 4 mag of line-of-sight dust extinction. Utilizing radio data from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) DR2, we identify a striking positive relationship between the amount of line-of-sight dust extinction towards a QSO and the radio detection fraction, that is not driven by radio-loud systems, redshift and/or luminosity effects. This demonstrates an intrinsic connection between dust reddening and the production of radio emission in QSOs, whereby the radio emission is most likely due to low-powered jets or winds/outflows causing shocks in a dusty environment. On the basis of this evidence, we suggest that red QSOs may represent a transitional ‘blow-out’ phase in the evolution of QSOs, where winds and outflows evacuate the dust and gas to reveal an unobscured blue QSO.
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
Model of Dust Thermal Emission of Comet 67p-Churyumov-Gerasimenko for the Rosetta-MIRO Instrument
The ESA's Rosetta spacecraft will arrive at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014. The study of gas and dust emission is primary objective of several instruments on the Rosetta spacecraft, including the Microwave Instrument for the Rosetta Orbiter (MIRO). We developed a model of dust thermal emission to estimate the detectability of dust in the vicinity of the nucleus with MIRO. Our model computes the power received by the MIRO antenna in limb viewing as a function of the geometry of the observations and the physical properties of the grains. We show that detection in the millimeter and submillimeter channels can be achieved near perihelion.
millimeter-submillimeter↗