Analysis of electron-ion mixing in ion engines Final report, 30 Apr. 1964 - 30 Jun. 1965
Computer program for analysis of electron-ion mixing in ion engine
COMPUTER PROGRAM↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Device failure analysis by scanning electron microscopy
Scanning electron microscopy for semiconductor device failure analysis
Davies, I. G.↗
Differential phonograms
A new noise measuring method is outlined that is based on electronic analysis of the radiated noise. Non-relevant components are suppressed, while the differential phonogram displayed on the oscilloscope screen discloses the information carrying components. It allows low skilled operators to perform: (1) correct alignment of equipment; (2) detection of incipient failure; and (3) checking of prototypes.
Halpert, E.↗
Use of satellite images in the evaluation of farmlands
Remote sensing techniques in the evaluation of farmland in Mexico are discussed. Electronic analysis techniques and photointerpretation techniques are analyzed. Characteristics of the basic crops in Mexico as related to remote sensing are described.
Lozano H., A. E.↗
Study program to develop and evaluate die and container materials for the growth of silicon ribbons
Initial sessile drop experiments on SiC, Si3N4 and A1N were conducted. Very promising results were achieved on both SiC and Si3N4 where minimal penetration of these CNTD coatings by molten silicon was observed. More detailed characterization of the CNTD microstructures was accomplished as well as X-ray characterization of the third and fourth candidate materials system sets (i.e. A1N and altered Si3N4). Polished sections of post sessile drop specimens were also prepared and evaluated. The techniques of full scale crucible hot pressing were developed and die grinding development was initiated. The apparatus for measurement of oxygen partial pressure was reconstructed and calibrated. The sessile drop temperature measurement procedure was calibrated for absorption by the pyrex view-port and additional Auger electron analysis was performed at the interface of molten silicon with CNTD Si3N4 and A1N.
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Advanced hydrogen electrode for hydrogen-bromide battery
Binary platinum alloys are being developed as hydrogen electrocatalysts for use in a hydrogen bromide battery system. These alloys were varied in terms of alloy component mole ratio and heat treatment temperature. Electrocatalyst evaluation, performed in the absence and presence of bromide ion, includes floating half cell polarization studies, electrochemical surface area measurements, X ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis and corrosion measurements. Results obtained to date indicate a platinum rich alloy has the best tolerance to bromide ion poisoning.
Kosek, Jack A.↗
Approaches for optimizing the first electronic hyperpolarizability of conjugated organic molecules
Conjugated organic molecules with electron-donating and -accepting moieties can exhibit large electronic second-order nonlinearities, or first hyperpolarizabilities, beta. The present two-state, four-orbital independent-electron analysis of beta leads to the prediction that its absolute value will be maximized at a combination of donor and acceptor strengths for a given conjugated bridge. Molecular design strategies for beta optimization are proposed which give attention to the energetic manipulations of the bridge states. Experimental results have been obtained which support the validity of this approach.
Marder, S. R.↗
Fundamentals of Passive Oxidation In SiC and Si3N4
The very slow oxidation kinetics of silicon carbide and silicon nitride, which derive from their adherent and passivating oxide films, has been explored at length in a broad series of studies utilizing thermogravimetric analysis, electron and optical micrography, energy dispersive spectrometry, x-ray diffractometry, micro-analytical depth profiling, etc. Some interesting microstructural phenomena accompanying the process of oxidation in the two materials will be presented. In Si3N4 the oxide is stratified, with an SiO2 topscale (which is relatively impervious to O2)underlain by a coherent subscale of silicon oxynitride which is even less permeable to O2- Such "defence in depth" endows Si3N4 with what is perhaps the highest oxidation resistance of any material, and results in a unique set of oxidation processes. In SiC the oxidation reactions are much simpler, yet new issues still emerge; for instance, studies involving controlled devitrification of the amorphous silica scale confirmed that the oxidation rate of SiC drops by more than an order of magnitude when the oxide scale fully crystallizes.
Thomas-Ogbuji, Linus U.↗
Pigmenting agents in Martian soils: inferences from spectral, Mossbauer, and magnetic properties of nanophase and other iron oxides in Hawaiian palagonitic soil PN-9
We have examined a Hawaiian palagonitic tephra sample (PN-9) that has spectroscopic similarities to Martian bright regions using a number of analytical techniques, including Mossbauer and reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, instrumental neutron activation analysis, electron probe microanalysis, transmission electron microscopy, and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate extraction. Chemically, PN-9 has a Hawaiitic composition with alkali (and presumably silica) loss resulting from leaching by meteoric water during palagonitization; no Ce anomaly is present in the REE pattern. Mineralogically, our results show that nanophase ferric oxide (np-Ox) particles (either nanophase hematite (np-Hm) or a mixture of ferrihydrite and np-Hm) are responsible for the distinctive ferric doublet and visible-wavelength ferric absorption edge observed in Mossbauer and reflectivity spectra, respectively, for this and other spectrally similar palagonitic samples. The np-Ox particles appear to be imbedded in a hydrated aluminosilicate matrix material; no evidence was found for phyllosilicates. Other iron-bearing phases observed are titanomagnetite, which accounts for the magnetic nature of the sample; olivine; pyroxene; and glass. By analogy, np-Ox is likely the primary pigmenting agent of the bright soils and dust of Mars.
Minerals/analysis↗
NASA Tech Briefs, September 1996
Topics: Data Acquisition and Analysis; Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery/Automation; Manufacturing/Fabrication; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Books and Reports.
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NASA Tech Briefs, September 1997
Topics include: Data Acquisition and Analysis; Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Software; Mechanics; Machinery/Automation; Manufacturing/Fabrication; Mathematics and Information Sciences.
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NASA Tech Briefs, July 1993
Topics include: Data Acquisition and Analysis: Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery; Fabrication Technology; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences.
Source record↗
The Shock State of Itokawa Sample
One of the fundamental aspects of any astromaterial is its shock history, since this factor elucidates critical historical events, and also because shock metamorphism can alter primary mineralogical and petrographic features, and reset chronologies [1]. Failure to take shock history into proper account during characterization can result in seriously incorrect conclusions being drawn. Thus the Hayabusa Preliminary Examination Team (HASPET) made shock stage determination of the Itokawa samples a primary goal [2]. However, we faced several difficulties in this particular research. The shock state of ordinary chondrite materials is generally determined by simple optical petrographic observation of standard thin sections. The Itokawa samples available to the analysis team were mounted into plastic blocks, were polished on only one side, and were of non-standard and greatly varying thickness, all of which significantly complicated petrographic analysis but did not prevent it. We made an additional estimation of the sample shock state by a new technique for this analysis - electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) in addition to standard petrographic techniques. We are also investigating the crystallinity of Itokawa olivine by Synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD).
Zolensky, Michael↗
Failure analysis using a scanning electron microscope.
Component failure modes analysis using scanning electron microscopy, noting applications to study of semiconductors and wire plating anomalies
Anstead, R. J.↗
Preliminary analysis of coronal electron content measurements from spacecraft Helios A around first solar occultation
Steady-state and dynamical features of the electron density distribution in the solar corona emerge from a preliminary analysis of Helios A electron content measurements. There are strong indications that correlations can be established with earth-bound K-coronagraph measurements.
Edenhofer, P.↗
Use of the SRI electronic satellite image analysis console for mapping southern Arizona plant communities from ERTS-1 imagery
Cloud-free imagery covering the Tucson, Ariz., region for the period from August 22 to November 2, 1972, was used to determine the utility of ERTS-1 data for discriminating boundaries between plant communities. The following studies were made from imagery analyzed by use of an Electronic Satellite Image Analysis Console: (1) console-generated color composites from MSS-5 and MSS-6 bands were recorded photographically from the console color monitor. The color photographs were then used to compare with short-term changes in vegetative cover observed on the ground; (2) using the console, microdensitometric traces were made along selected traverses to quantify changes in scene irradiance across the image field; (3) quantitative plant coverage data, collected at ground-truth stations along the traverses, were compared with the densitometric values.
Turner, R. M.↗
Analysis of ERTS imagery using special electronic viewing/measuring equipment
Analysis of ERTS-1 imagery using special electronic viewing/measuring equipment
Evans, W. E.↗
Gaining the most utility from our geospace observational system: Network analysis of total electron content as a means to understand space weather to the point of prediction
We present the first network analysis of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angle dependent, high-latitude, hemispheric-specific total electron content (TEC) data. We examine network parameters to describe spatio-temporal correlations in the TEC data for January 2016. We find that significant network structure exists distinguishing the dayside and nightside ionosphere, and specific features in the high-latitudes (cusp/ionospheric footpoints of magnetospheric boundary layers, polar cap, and auroral zone), and that these features vary with IMF clock angle. In this brief summary paper, we provide proof of concept results and identify important areas of future research, providing a basis for the discussion of network analysis and machine learning approaches for space weather applications.
Malik, Nishant↗